Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

1 Kings 19

Introduction

1  Elijah, threatened by Jezebel, flees to Beer-sheba.
4  In the wilderness, being weary of his life, he is comforted by an angel.
9  At Horeb God appears unto him, sending him to anoint Hazael, Jehu, and Elisha.
19  Elisha, taking leave of his friends, follows Elijah.
Verse 1

And Ahab told Jezebel all that Elijah had done, and withal how he had slain all the prophets with the sword.
Ahab
16:31, 21:5-7,25
how he had slain
18:40
Verse 2

Then Jezebel sent a messenger unto Elijah, saying, So let the gods do to me, and more also, if I make not thy life as the life of one of them by to morrow about this time.
So let
2:28, 20:10, Ruth 1:17, 2 Kings 6:31
if I
Exodus 10:28, 15:9, 2 Kings 19:10-12,22,27,28, Daniel 3:15
to-morrow
Proverbs 27:1, Acts 12:4-6, James 4:13,14
Verse 3

And when he saw that, he arose, and went for his life, and came to Beersheba, which belongeth to Judah, and left his servant there.
he arose
Genesis 12:12,13, Exodus 2:15, 1 Samuel 27:1, Isaiah 51:12,13, Matthew 26:56,70-74, 2 Corinthians 12:7
Beer-sheba
4:25, Genesis 21:31, Amos 7:12,13
Verse 4

But he himself went a day's journey into the wilderness, and came and sat down under a juniper tree: and he requested for himself that he might die; and said, It is enough; now, O LORD, take away my life; for I am not better than my fathers.
sat down
13:14, Genesis 21:15,16, John 4:6
he requested
3, Numbers 11:15, 2 Kings 2:11, Job 3:20-22, Jeremiah 20:14-18, Jonah 4:3,8, Philippians 1:21-24
for himself
Heb. for his life. better.
Amos 6:2, Nahum 3:8, Matthew 6:26, Romans 3:9
Verse 5

And as he lay and slept under a juniper tree, behold, then an angel touched him, and said unto him, Arise and eat.
as he lay
Genesis 28:11-15
an angel
Psalms 34:7,10, Daniel 8:19, 9:21, 10:9,10, Acts 12:7, Hebrews 1:14, 13:5
Verse 6

And he looked, and, behold, there was a cake baken on the coals, and a cruse of water at his head. And he did eat and drink, and laid him down again.
cake
17:6,9-15, Psalms 37:3, Isaiah 33:16, Matthew 4:11, 6:32, Mark 8:2,3, John 21:5,9
head
Heb. bolster.
Verse 7

And the angel of the LORD came again the second time, and touched him, and said, Arise and eat; because the journey is too great for thee.
the angel
because the journey
Deuteronomy 33:25, Psalms 103:13,14
Verse 8

And he arose, and did eat and drink, and went in the strength of that meat forty days and forty nights unto Horeb the mount of God.
in the strength
Daniel 1:15, 2 Corinthians 12:9
forty days
Exodus 24:18, 34:28, Deuteronomy 9:9,18, Matthew 4:2, Mark 1:13, Luke 4:2
Horeb
Exodus 3:1, 19:18, Malachi 4:4,5
Verse 9

And he came thither unto a cave, and lodged there; and, behold, the word of the LORD came to him, and he said unto him, What doest thou here, Elijah?
unto a cave
Exodus 33:21,22, Jeremiah 9:2, Hebrews 11:38
What doest thou
13, Genesis 3:9, 16:8, Jeremiah 2:18, Jonah 1:3,4
Verse 10

And he said, I have been very jealous for the LORD God of hosts: for the children of Israel have forsaken thy covenant, thrown down thine altars, and slain thy prophets with the sword; and I, even I only, am left; and they seek my life, to take it away.
very jealous
Exodus 20:5, 34:14, Numbers 25:11,13, Psalms 69:9, 119:139, John 2:17
thrown down
14, 18:4,30, Jeremiah 2:30, Hosea 5:11, Micah 6:16, 7:2
I only
18:4,20,22, 20:13,22,35,41,42, 22:8, Romans 11:2-4
they seek my life
2, 18:10,17
Verse 11

And he said, Go forth, and stand upon the mount before the LORD. And, behold, the LORD passed by, and a great and strong wind rent the mountains, and brake in pieces the rocks before the LORD; but the LORD was not in the wind: and after the wind an earthquake; but the LORD was not in the earthquake:
stand upon the mount
Exodus 19:20, 24:12,18, 34:2, Matthew 17:1-3, 2 Peter 1:17,18
the Lord passed
Exodus 33:21-23, 34:6, Habakkuk 3:3-5
and a great
Exodus 19:16, 20:18, Job 38:1, Psalms 50:3, Isaiah 30:30, Ezekiel 1:4, 37:7, Nahum 1:3,6, Hebrews 12:18-21, Revelation 20:11
but the Lord was not in the wind
Zechariah 4:6
an earthquake
1 Samuel 14:15, Psalms 68:8, Nahum 1:5, Zechariah 14:5, Matthew 24:7, 27:51-54, 28:2, Hebrews 12:26, Revelation 11:19, 16:18
Verse 12

And after the earthquake a fire; but the LORD was not in the fire: and after the fire a still small voice.
a fire
18:38, Genesis 15:17, Exodus 3:2, Deuteronomy 4:11,12,33, 2 Kings 1:10, 2:11, Hebrews 12:29
a still
Exodus 34:6, Job 4:16, 33:7, Zechariah 4:6, Acts 2:2,36,37
Verse 13

And it was so, when Elijah heard it, that he wrapped his face in his mantle, and went out, and stood in the entering in of the cave. And, behold, there came a voice unto him, and said, What doest thou here, Elijah?
he wrapped his face
This he did to signify his reverence; for covering the face was a token of respect among the Asiatics, as uncovering the head is among Europeans. See on ch.
18:42, Exodus 3:5,6, 33:23, Isaiah 6:2,5
What doest
9, Genesis 16:8, John 21:15-17
Verse 14

And he said, I have been very jealous for the LORD God of hosts: because the children of Israel have forsaken thy covenant, thrown down thine altars, and slain thy prophets with the sword; and I, even I only, am left; and they seek my life, to take it away.
I have been
9,10, Isaiah 62:1,6,7
forsaken
Deuteronomy 29:25, 31:20, Psalms 78:37, Isaiah 1:4, Jeremiah 22:9, Daniel 11:30, Hosea 6:7, Hebrews 8:9
Verse 15

And the LORD said unto him, Go, return on thy way to the wilderness of Damascus: and when thou comest, anoint Hazael to be king over Syria:
wilderness of Damascus
The wilderness of Damascus seems to have been that part of Arabia Deserta which lay on the south-east of that city, and east of the Trachonites, or the Djebel Haouran and El Ledja; at which the prophet could arrive without meeting Jezebel or any of his enemies.
Genesis 14:15, 2 Kings 8:7, Acts 9:2,3
anoint
Isaiah 45:1, Jeremiah 1:10, 27:2-22
Hazael
2 Kings 8:8-15,28, 9:14, Amos 1:4
Verse 16

And Jehu the son of Nimshi shalt thou anoint to be king over Israel: and Elisha the son of Shaphat of Abelmeholah shalt thou anoint to be prophet in thy room.
Jehu
2 Kings 9:1-3,6-14
Elisha
19-21, Luke 4:27
Eliseus
Abel-meholah.
4:12, Judges 7:22
Verse 17

And it shall come to pass, that him that escapeth the sword of Hazael shall Jehu slay: and him that escapeth from the sword of Jehu shall Elisha slay.
him that escapeth
Isaiah 24:17,18, Amos 2:14, 5:19
the sword of Hazael
2 Kings 8:12, 10:32, 13:3,22
the sword of Jehu
2 Kings 9:14-26, 10:6-11
Elisha slay
2 Kings 2:23,24, Isaiah 11:4, Jeremiah 1:10, Hosea 6:5, Revelation 19:21
Verse 18

Yet I have left me seven thousand in Israel, all the knees which have not bowed unto Baal, and every mouth which hath not kissed him.
Yet I have left
or, Yet I will leave.
Isaiah 1:9, 10:20-22, Romans 11:4,5
the knees
Exodus 20:5, Isaiah 49:23, Romans 14:10-12, Philippians 2:10
every mouth
Idolaters often kissed their hand in honour of their idols; and hence the origin of adoration from ad, to and os, oris, the mouth. Cicero mentions a statue of Hercules, the chin and lips of which were considerably worn by the kissing of his worshippers.
Job 31:27, Psalms 2:12, Hosea 13:2
Verse 19

So he departed thence, and found Elisha the son of Shaphat, who was plowing with twelve yoke of oxen before him, and he with the twelfth: and Elijah passed by him, and cast his mantle upon him.
Elisha
he with
Exodus 3:1, Judges 6:11, Psalms 78:70-72, Amos 7:14, Zechariah 13:5, Matthew 4:18,19
his mantle
13, 1 Samuel 28:14, 2 Kings 2:8,13,14
Verse 20

And he left the oxen, and ran after Elijah, and said, Let me, I pray thee, kiss my father and my mother, and then I will follow thee. And he said unto him, Go back again: for what have I done to thee?
he left
Matthew 4:20,22, 9:9, 19:27
Let me, I pray
Matthew 8:21,22, Luke 9:61,62, Acts 20:37
Go back again
Heb. Go, return.
Verse 21

And he returned back from him, and took a yoke of oxen, and slew them, and boiled their flesh with the instruments of the oxen, and gave unto the people, and they did eat. Then he arose, and went after Elijah, and ministered unto him.
boiled their flesh
2 Samuel 24:22
gave unto
Luke 5:28,29
ministered
18:43, Exodus 24:13, Numbers 27:18-20, 2 Kings 2:3, 3:11, Acts 13:5, 2 Timothy 4:11, Philemon 1:13

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