Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

1 Chronicles 4

Introduction

1  The posterity of Judah by Caleb, the son of Hur.
5  Of Ashur, the posthumous son Hezron.
9  Of Jabez, and his prayer.
11  The other families of the same stock.
21  The sons of Shelah.
24  The posterity and cities of Simeon.
39  Their conquest of Gedor, and of the Amalekites in mount Seir.
Verse 1

The sons of Judah; Pharez, Hezron, and Carmi, and Hur, and Shobal.
A. M. 2283, etc. B.C. 1721, etc. Pharez
2:5, Genesis 38:29, 46:12, Numbers 26:20,21, Ruth 4:18, Matthew 1:3, Luke 3:33
Phares, Esrom
Carmi.
2:9
Chelubai
2:18
Caleb
Verse 2

And Reaiah the son of Shobal begat Jahath; and Jahath begat Ahumai, and Lahad. These are the families of the Zorathites.
Reaiah
2:52
Haroeh
Zorathites.
2:53,54, Joshua 15:33, Judges 13:25
Verse 3

And these were of the father of Etam; Jezreel, and Ishma, and Idbash: and the name of their sister was Hazelelponi:
Etam
Judges 15:11, 2 Chronicles 11:6
Verse 4

And Penuel the father of Gedor, and Ezer the father of Hushah. These are the sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah, the father of Bethlehem.
Gedor
18,39, Joshua 15:36
Hur
2:19,50
Verse 5

And Ashur the father of Tekoa had two wives, Helah and Naarah.
2:24
Verse 8

Probably Jabez should be mentioned here; as otherwise he is as a consequent without an antecedent.

Verse 9

And Jabez was more honourable than his brethren: and his mother called his name Jabez, saying, Because I bare him with sorrow.
more
Genesis 34:19, Isaiah 43:4, Acts 17:11
Jabez
i.e., Sorrowful. I bare him.
7:23, Genesis 3:16, 35:18, 1 Samuel 4:21
Verse 10

And Jabez called on the God of Israel, saying, Oh that thou wouldest bless me indeed, and enlarge my coast, and that thine hand might be with me, and that thou wouldest keep me from evil, that it may not grieve me! And God granted him that which he requested.
called
16:8, Genesis 12:8, Job 12:4, Psalms 55:16, 99:6, 116:2-4, Jeremiah 33:3, Romans 10:12-14, 1 Corinthians 1:2
the God
Genesis 32:28, 33:20, 1 Samuel 1:17, Isaiah 41:17
Oh that, etc
Heb. If thou wilt, etc.
Luke 19:42
bless me
Genesis 12:2, 32:26, Psalms 72:17, Acts 3:26, Ephesians 1:3
enlarge
Joshua 17:14-18, Judges 1:27-36, Proverbs 10:22
thine hand
Psalms 119:173, Isaiah 41:10, John 10:28
that thou
Genesis 48:16, Proverbs 30:8, Matthew 6:13, Romans 12:9, 16:19, 2 Timothy 4:18
keep me
Heb. do me. that it may.
Psalms 32:3,4, 51:8,12, Matthew 26:75, John 21:17, 2 Corinthians 2:1-7, Ephesians 4:30, Revelation 3:19
God granted
1 Kings 3:7-13, Job 22:27,28, Psalms 21:4, 65:2, 66:19,20, 116:1,2, Matthew 7:7-11, Ephesians 3:20
Verse 12

And Eshton begat Bethrapha, and Paseah, and Tehinnah the father of Irnahash. These are the men of Rechah.
Irnahash
or, the city of Nahash.
Verse 13

And the sons of Kenaz; Othniel, and Seraiah: and the sons of Othniel; Hathath.
Kenaz
Joshua 15:17, Judges 1:13, 3:9-11
Hathath
or, Hathath and Meonathai, who begat, etc.
Verse 14

And Meonothai begat Ophrah: and Seraiah begat Joab, the father of the valley of Charashim; for they were craftsmen.
valley
or, inhabitants of the valley. Charashim. that is, craftsmen.
2 Kings 24:14, Nehemiah 11:35
Verse 15

And the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh; Iru, Elah, and Naam: and the sons of Elah, even Kenaz.
Caleb
Numbers 13:6,30, 14:6-10,24,30, Joshua 14:6-14, 15:13-20, Judges 1:12-14
Kenaz
or, Uknaz.
Verse 17

And the sons of Ezra were, Jether, and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon: and she bare Miriam, and Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.
Ezra
Ezra seems to be the person before called Asareel in ver. 16.
and she bare Miriam
It is probable that the latter part of ver. 18 should be transposed before this passage, which Michaelis thinks is its right place; for otherwise we have the pronoun she without an antecedent, and children born without their father's being mentioned.
Eshtemoa
19, 6:57, Joshua 15:50
Eshtemoh
21:24, 1 Samuel 30:28
Verse 18

And his wife JehudijahSocoh bare Jered the father of Gedor, and Heber the father of Socho, and Jekuthiel the father of Zanoah. And these are the sons of Bithiah the daughter of Pharaoh, which Mered took.
Jehudijah
or, the Jewess. the father
4,39, 2:42, Joshua 15:58
Gedor
Gedor was a city in the tribe of Judah; and probably the same which Eusebius calls [Kedous] and Jerome Gedrus, ten miles from Diospolis, or Lydda, towards Eleutheropolis.
Socho
Joshua 15:34,35,48
Verse 19

And the sons of his wife Hodiah the sister of Naham, the father of Keilah the Garmite, and Eshtemoa the Maachathite.
Hodiah
or, Jehudijah. mentioned before.
Keilah
Joshua 15:44, 1 Samuel 23:1-13
Verse 20

And the sons of Shimon were, Amnon, and Rinnah, Benhanan, and Tilon. And the sons of Ishi were, Zoheth, and Benzoheth.
Shimon
Shimon is supposed to have been another son of Mered, by Jehudijah. As this latter name signifies a Jewess, it rather favours the opinion that Bithiah was not a Jewess, but an Egyptian.
Verse 21

The sons of Shelah the son of Judah were, Er the father of Lecah, and Laadah the father of Mareshah, and the families of the house of them that wrought fine linen, of the house of Ashbea,
Shelah
2:3, 9:5, Genesis 38:5, 46:12, Numbers 26:20, Nehemiah 11:5
Shiloni
Verse 23

These were the potters, and those that dwelt among plants and hedges: there they dwelt with the king for his work.
14, Psalms 81:6
Verse 24

The sons of Simeon were, Nemuel, and Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, and Shaul:
The sons of Simeon
This genealogy differs in many particulars from those in the parallel places; probably being occasioned by the same person's having several names.
Nemuel
Genesis 46:10, Exodus 6:15
Jemuel
Jarib.
Numbers 26:12-14
Jachin
Zerah.
Genesis 46:10
Zohar
Verse 27

And Shimei had sixteen sons and six daughters; but his brethren had not many children, neither did all their family multiply, like to the children of Judah.
like to
Heb. unto.
Numbers 2:4,13, 26:14,22
Verse 28

And they dwelt at Beersheba, and Moladah, and Hazarshual,
Beer-sheba
Beer-sheba was situated twenty miles south of Hebron, according to Eusebius and Jerome, in whose time it was occupied by a Roman garrison.
Joshua 15:28,29, 19:2,3,9
Moladah
Probably the same as Malatha, so often mentioned by Eusebius; from whom it appears it was situated about twenty miles from Hebron.
Verse 29

And at Bilhah, and at Ezem, and at Tolad,
Bilhah
Joshua 19:3
Balah-Azem
Tolad.
Joshua 19:4
Eltolad
Verse 30

And at Bethuel, and at Hormah, and at Ziklag,
Bethuel
Joshua 19:4
Bethul
Ziklag.
12:1, Joshua 15:31, 19:5, 1 Samuel 27:6, 30:1, Nehemiah 11:28
Verse 31

And at Bethmarcaboth, and Hazarsusim, and at Bethbirei, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities unto the reign of David.
and Hazar-susim
Joshua 19:5,6
Hazar-susah, Beth-lebaoth, Sharuhen
Verse 32

And their villages were, Etam, and Ain, Rimmon, and Tochen, and Ashan, five cities:
Etam
Ether, or Etham, was situated near Malatha, according to Eusebius.
Joshua 19:7
Ether, Remmon
Ashan. Eusebius say Beth-ashan was sixteen miles west of Jerusalem.
Verse 33

And all their villages that were round about the same cities, unto Baal. These were their habitations, and their genealogy.
Baal
Joshua 19:8
Baalath-beer
their genealogy. or, as they divided themselves by nations among them.
Verse 38

These mentioned by their names were princes in their families: and the house of their fathers increased greatly.
mentioned by their names
Heb. coming by names.
5:24, Genesis 6:4
Verse 39

And they went to the entrance of Gedor, even unto the east side of the valley, to seek pasture for their flocks.
they went
This expedition of the Simeonites took place in the days of Hezekiah, and, as Calmet conjectures, near the time of the captivity of the ten tribes; when the remnant of Simeon would feel themselves obliged to retire more southward into Arabia Petræa, for fear of the Jews, and to seek pasture for their flocks.
Gedor
4,18, Joshua 12:13
Geder
Joshua 15:58
Verse 40

And they found fat pasture and good, and the land was wide, and quiet, and peaceable; for they of Ham had dwelt there of old.
the land
Judges 18:7-10
Ham
These were probably either Philistines or Egyptians, who dwelt at Gedor.
Genesis 9:22-29, 10:6, Psalms 78:51, 105:23
Verse 41

And these written by name came in the days of Hezekiah king of Judah, and smote their tents, and the habitations that were found there, and destroyed them utterly unto this day, and dwelt in their rooms: because there was pasture there for their flocks.
these written
Hezekiah
2 Kings 18:8-12, Isaiah 14:28-32
the habitations
Or, the Meunnim, or Maonites.
Judges 10:12, Jeremiah 49:20, Acts 17:26
pasture
Numbers 32:1-4
Verse 42

And some of them, even of the sons of Simeon, five hundred men, went to mount Seir, having for their captains Pelatiah, and Neariah, and Rephaiah, and Uzziel, the sons of Ishi.
mount Seir
Genesis 36:8,9, Deuteronomy 1:2
Verse 43

And they smote the rest of the Amalekites that were escaped, and dwelt there unto this day.
the rest
That is, those who escaped in the war which Saul, and afterwards David, made against them.
Exodus 17:14-16, Deuteronomy 25:17-19, 1 Samuel 15:7,8, 30:17, 2 Samuel 8:12
unto this day
Deuteronomy 34:6, Judges 1:26, 2 Chronicles 5:9, Jeremiah 44:6, Matthew 27:8, 28:15

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