Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

1 Kings 14

Introduction

1  Abijah being sick, Jeroboam sends his wife, disguised, with presents to the prophet Ahijah at Shiloh.
5  Ahijah, forewarned by God, denounces God's judgment.
17  Abijah dies, and is buried.
19  Nadab succeeds Jeroboam.
21  Rehoboam's wicked reign.
25  Shishak spoils Jerusalem.
29  Abijam succeeds Rehoboam.
Verse 1

At that time Abijah the son of Jeroboam fell sick.
that time
13:33,34
the son
12,13, Exodus 20:5, 1 Samuel 4:19,20, 31:2, 2 Samuel 12:15
Verse 2

And Jeroboam said to his wife, Arise, I pray thee, and disguise thyself, that thou be not known to be the wife of Jeroboam; and get thee to Shiloh: behold, there is Ahijah the prophet, which told me that I should be king over this people.
disguise thyself
5,6, 22:30, 1 Samuel 28:8, 2 Samuel 14:2, 2 Chronicles 18:29, Luke 12:2
Ahijah
11:29-38
Verse 3

And take with thee ten loaves, and cracknels, and a cruse of honey, and go to him: he shall tell thee what shall become of the child.
And take
13:7, 1 Samuel 9:7,8, 2 Kings 4:42, 5:5,15, 8:7-9
with thee
Heb. in thine hand. cracknels. or, cakes. Nikkoodim, spotted, or perforated cakes; either, as some suppose, thin cakes pierced through with holes, the same as is called Jews' bread to the present day, and used by them at the passover; or, as Mr. Harmer imagines, cakes spotted with seeds, as with sesamum, Roman coriander, etc., such as he proves from Rauwolff, Russell, and Hanway, are still used in the East. This was certainly not a present that proclaimed royalty; but it does not appear to have been, in the estimation of the East, a present only fit for a country woman to have made, as Bp. Patrick supposes: for D'Arvieux informs us, that when he waited on an Arab emir, his mother and sisters sent him a present of pastry, honey, and fresh butter, with a bason of sweetmeats of Damascus.
cruse
or, bottle. he shall tell.
2 Kings 1:2, 8:8, Luke 7:2,3, John 4:47,48, 11:3
Verse 4

And Jeroboam's wife did so, and arose, and went to Shiloh, and came to the house of Ahijah. But Ahijah could not see; for his eyes were set by reason of his age.
Shiloh
11:29, Joshua 18:1, 1 Samuel 4:3,4, Jeremiah 7:12-14
for his eyes
Genesis 27:1, 48:10, Deuteronomy 34:7, 1 Samuel 3:2, 4:15, Psalms 90:10, Ecclesiastes 12:3
were set by reason of his age
Heb. stood for his hoariness.
Verse 5

And the LORD said unto Ahijah, Behold, the wife of Jeroboam cometh to ask a thing of thee for her son; for he is sick: thus and thus shalt thou say unto her: for it shall be, when she cometh in, that she shall feign herself to be another woman.
the Lord
2 Kings 4:27, 6:8-12, Psalms 139:1-4, Proverbs 21:30, Amos 3:7, Acts 10:19,20
Verse 6

And it was so, when Ahijah heard the sound of her feet, as she came in at the door, that he said, Come in, thou wife of Jeroboam; why feignest thou thyself to be another? for I am sent to thee with heavy tidings.
thou wife
Job 5:13, Psalms 33:10
why feignest
2,5, Ezekiel 14:3-5,7,8, Luke 20:20-23, Acts 5:3-5,9,10, Hebrews 4:13
for I am
10,11, 13:20-22, 20:42, 21:18-24, 22:8, 1 Samuel 15:16,26, 28:18, Jeremiah 21:2-7, Ezekiel 2:4,5, Daniel 4:19-25, 4:19-25, 5:17-28, Mark 14:21
heavy tidings
Heb. hard tidings.
Verse 7

Go, tell Jeroboam, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, Forasmuch as I exalted thee from among the people, and made thee prince over my people Israel,
Forasmuch
12:24, 16:2, 1 Samuel 2:27-30, 15:16, 2 Samuel 12:7,8
Verse 8

And rent the kingdom away from the house of David, and gave it thee: and yet thou hast not been as my servant David, who kept my commandments, and who followed me with all his heart, to do that only which was right in mine eyes;
rent
11:30,31
my servant David
3:14, 11:33-38, 15:5, 2 Chronicles 17:3, 28:1, Acts 13:22,36
Verse 9

But hast done evil above all that were before thee: for thou hast gone and made thee other gods, and molten images, to provoke me to anger, and hast cast me behind thy back:
hast done
16, 12:28, 13:33,34, 15:34, 16:31
thou hast gone
Deuteronomy 32:16,17,21, Judges 5:8, 2 Chronicles 11:15, Psalms 106:19,20, 115:4-8, Isaiah 44:9-20, Jeremiah 10:14-16
to provoke
22, Deuteronomy 9:8-16,24, 2 Kings 21:3, 23:26, 2 Chronicles 33:6, Psalms 78:40,56, 106:29, Jeremiah 7:9,10, Ezekiel 8:3,17, 1 Corinthians 10:22
cast me
Nehemiah 9:26, Psalms 50:17, Ezekiel 23:35
Verse 10

Therefore, behold, I will bring evil upon the house of Jeroboam, and will cut off from Jeroboam him that pisseth against the wall, and him that is shut up and left in Israel, and will take away the remnant of the house of Jeroboam, as a man taketh away dung, till it be all gone.
I will bring
15:25-30, Amos 3:6
him that pisseth
16:11, 21:21, 1 Samuel 25:22,34, 2 Kings 9:8,9
him that is shut up
Deuteronomy 32:36, 2 Kings 14:26
as a man taketh
1 Samuel 2:30, 2 Kings 9:37, 21:13, Job 20:7, Psalms 83:10, Isaiah 5:25, 14:19,23, Jeremiah 8:2, Ezekiel 26:4, Zephaniah 1:17, Malachi 2:3, Luke 14:34,35
Verse 11

Him that dieth of Jeroboam in the city shall the dogs eat; and him that dieth in the field shall the fowls of the air eat: for the LORD hath spoken it.
that dieth
16:4, 21:19,23,24, Isaiah 66:24, Jeremiah 15:3, Ezekiel 39:17-19, Revelation 19:17,18
Verse 12

Arise thou therefore, get thee to thine own house: and when thy feet enter into the city, the child shall die.
when thy feet
3,16,17, 2 Kings 1:6,16, John 4:50-52
Verse 13

And all Israel shall mourn for him, and bury him: for he only of Jeroboam shall come to the grave, because in him there is found some good thing toward the LORD God of Israel in the house of Jeroboam.
shall mourn
Numbers 20:29, Jeremiah 22:10,18
there is found
2 Chronicles 12:12, 19:3, Job 19:28, Ezekiel 18:14-32, Philemon 1:6, 2 Peter 2:8,9
Verse 14

Moreover the LORD shall raise him up a king over Israel, who shall cut off the house of Jeroboam that day: but what? even now.
the Lord
15:27-29
but what
Ecclesiastes 8:11, Ezekiel 7:2-7, 12:22-28, James 5:9, 2 Peter 2:3
Verse 15

For the LORD shall smite Israel, as a reed is shaken in the water, and he shall root up Israel out of this good land, which he gave to their fathers, and shall scatter them beyond the river, because they have made their groves, provoking the LORD to anger.
the Lord
1 Samuel 12:25, 2 Kings 17:6,7
as a reed
Matthew 11:7, Luke 7:24
root up Israel
Deuteronomy 29:28, Psalms 52:5, Proverbs 2:22, Amos 2:9, Zephaniah 2:4, Matthew 15:13
this good land
Leviticus 26:32-34,43, Deuteronomy 4:26,27, 28:36,63-68, 29:24-28, Joshua 23:15,16
shall scatter
2 Kings 15:29, 17:6,23, 18:11,12, Amos 5:27, Acts 7:43
beyond the river
i.e., Beyond the river Euphrates. because.
Exodus 34:13,14, Deuteronomy 12:3,4, Isaiah 1:28,29
provoking
9,23,24
Verse 16

And he shall give Israel up because of the sins of Jeroboam, who did sin, and who made Israel to sin.
he shall give Israel
Psalms 81:12, Isaiah 40:24, Hosea 9:11,12,16,17
who did sin
12:30, 13:34, 15:30,34, 16:2, Exodus 32:21,35, Jeremiah 5:31, Hosea 5:11,12, Micah 6:16, Matthew 18:7, Romans 14:13
Verse 17

And Jeroboam's wife arose, and departed, and came to Tirzah: and when she came to the threshold of the door, the child died;
Tirzah
Tirzah was a city of Ephraim, to which tribe Jeroboam belonged; and appears to have been pleasantly situated, as it is said in So 6:4, "Thou art beautiful, O my love, as Tirzah," though its precise situation cannot now be ascertained. It seems to have been the royal city, and the seat of government for a long time after the revolt of the ten tribes, till Omri built Samaria.
15:21,33, 16:6,8,9,15,23, Joshua 12:24, Song of Solomon 6:4
when she came
12,13, 1 Samuel 2:20-34, 4:18-20
Verse 19

And the rest of the acts of Jeroboam, how he warred, and how he reigned, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel.
A. M. 3029-3050. B.C. 975-954. how he warred
30, 2 Chronicles 13:2-20
book
29, 15:31, 16:5,14,20,27, 22:39, 1 Chronicles 27:24, Esther 6:1
Verse 20

And the days which Jeroboam reigned were two and twenty years: and he slept with his fathers, and Nadab his son reigned in his stead.
slept
Heb. lay down.
2:10, 11:43, Job 14:12, Psalms 3:5, 4:8
Nadab
15:25-31
Verse 21

And Rehoboam the son of Solomon reigned in Judah. Rehoboam was forty and one years old when he began to reign, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city which the LORD did choose out of all the tribes of Israel, to put his name there. And his mother's name was Naamah an Ammonitess.
Rehoboam
11:43, 2 Chronicles 12:13, 13:7
the city
8:16,44, 11:36, Psalms 78:68,69, 87:1,2, 132:13,14, Isaiah 12:6
to put his name
Exodus 20:24, Deuteronomy 12:5,21
Naamah
31, Deuteronomy 23:3, 2 Chronicles 12:13
Verse 22

And Judah did evil in the sight of the LORD, and they provoked him to jealousy with their sins which they had committed, above all that their fathers had done.
Judah
Judges 3:7,12, 4:1, 2 Kings 17:19, 2 Chronicles 12:1, Jeremiah 3:7-11
they provoked
9, Deuteronomy 4:24, 29:28, 32:16-21, Psalms 78:58, Isaiah 65:3,4, 1 Corinthians 10:22
all
16:30, 2 Kings 21:11, Ezekiel 16:47,48
Verse 23

For they also built them high places, and images, and groves, on every high hill, and under every green tree.
built
3:2, Deuteronomy 12:2, Isaiah 57:5, Ezekiel 16:24,25, 20:28,29
images
or, standing images, or statues.
Leviticus 26:1
groves
Micah 5:14, Deuteronomy 12:2, 2 Kings 17:9,10, 21:3-7, 2 Chronicles 28:4, Jeremiah 17:2
under every
Isaiah 57:5, Jeremiah 3:13
Verse 24

And there were also sodomites in the land: and they did according to all the abominations of the nations which the LORD cast out before the children of Israel.
And there
15:12, 22:46, Genesis 19:5, Deuteronomy 23:17, Judges 19:22, 2 Kings 23:7, Romans 1:24-27, 1 Corinthians 6:9
Verse 25

And it came to pass in the fifth year of king Rehoboam, that Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem:
A. M. 3034. B.C. 970. Shishak
11:40, 2 Chronicles 12:2-4
Verse 26

And he took away the treasures of the house of the LORD, and the treasures of the king's house; he even took away all: and he took away all the shields of gold which Solomon had made.
he took away
7:51, 15:18, 2 Kings 24:13, 2 Chronicles 12:9-11, Psalms 39:6, 89:35-45
the shields of gold
10:16,17, 2 Chronicles 9:15,16, Proverbs 23:5, Ecclesiastes 2:18,19
Verse 27

And king Rehoboam made in their stead brasen shields, and committed them unto the hands of the chief of the guard, which kept the door of the king's house.
made
Lamentations 4:1,2
guard
Heb. runners.
1,5, 18:46, 1 Samuel 8:11, 22:17, 2 Samuel 15:1
Verse 28

And it was so, when the king went into the house of the LORD, that the guard bare them, and brought them back into the guard chamber.
the guard chamber
2 Chronicles 12:11
Verse 29

Now the rest of the acts of Rehoboam, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?
A. M. 3029-3046. B.C. 975-958. are they not written
19, 11:41, 15:23, 22:45, 2 Chronicles 12:15
Verse 30

And there was war between Rehoboam and Jeroboam all their days.
12:24, 15:6,7, 2 Chronicles 12:15
Verse 31

And Rehoboam slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David. And his mother's name was Naamah an Ammonitess. And Abijam his son reigned in his stead.
A. M. 3046. B.C. 958. Rehoboam
20, 11:43, 15:3,24, 22:50, 2 Chronicles 12:16
his mother's
Abijam
Dr. Kennicott observes, that the name of this king of Judah is now expressed three ways; here and in four other places, it is Abijam; in two others (2 Ch 13:20, 21) it is Abijahu; but in eleven others it is Abijah or Abiah, as it is expressed by St. Matthew, (ch. 1:7,) [Abia;] and this is the reading of thirteen of Kennicott's and De Rossi's MSS., and of thirteen respectable editions of the Hebrew Bible. The Syriac is the same. The Septuagint in the London Polyglott has [Abiou] Abihu; but in the Complutensian and Antwerp Polyglotts it has [Abia] Abiah; and the Editio Princeps of the Vulgate, some MSS. and the text in these two Polyglotts, instead of Abiam, have Abia.
1 Chronicles 3:10
Abia
2 Chronicles 12:16
Abijah
Matthew 1:7
Abia

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