Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Jeremiah 50

Introduction

1  The judgment of Babylon and the redemption of Israel.
Verse 1

The word that the LORD spake against Babylon and against the land of the Chaldeans by Jeremiah the prophet.
A. M. 3409. B.C. 595. against Babylon
25:26,27, 27:7, 51:1-14, Psalms 137:8,9, Isaiah 13:1-3, 14:4, 21:1-10, Isaiah 47:1-15, Habakkuk 2:5-20, Revelation 18:1-24
the land
Genesis 11:31, Job 1:17, Isaiah 23:13, Acts 7:4
Jeremiah
Heb. the hand of Jeremiah
2 Samuel 23:2, 2 Peter 1:21
Verse 2

Declare ye among the nations, and publish, and set up a standard; publish, and conceal not: say, Babylon is taken, Bel is confounded, Merodach is broken in pieces; her idols are confounded, her images are broken in pieces.
Declare
6:18, 31:10, 46:14, Psalms 64:9, 96:3, Isaiah 12:4, 48:6, 66:18,19, Revelation 14:6-8
set up
Heb. lift up.
Isaiah 13:2
Babylon
51:8, Isaiah 21:9, Revelation 14:8, 18:2
Bel
51:44, Isaiah 46:1
Merodach
52:31, Isaiah 39:1
her idols
46, 43:12,13, Isaiah 37:19, Zephaniah 2:11, after:, Jer:, 47,:
Verse 3

For out of the north there cometh up a nation against her, which shall make her land desolate, and none shall dwell therein: they shall remove, they shall depart, both man and beast.
out of the
The Medes, who formed the greatest part of the army of Cyrus. Media lay N.E. of Babylon.
9,41, 51:11,27,48, Isaiah 13:5,17,18,20
which
12,13,35-40, 51:8,9,25,26,37-44,62, Isaiah 13:6-10,19-22, 14:22-24, Revelation 18:21-23
both
7:20, 21:6, Genesis 6:7, Exodus 12:12, Zephaniah 1:3
Verse 4

In those days, and in that time, saith the LORD, the children of Israel shall come, they and the children of Judah together, going and weeping: they shall go, and seek the LORD their God.
those
20, 3:16-18, 33:15, 51:47,48, Isaiah 63:4
the children of Israel
19,20,33,34, 3:18, 33:6-8, 30:10,11, 31:6,7,31, 33:7, Isaiah 11:12,13, Isaiah 14:1, Ezekiel 37:16-22, 39:25, Hosea 1:11
going
31:9,10, Ezra 3:12,13, Psalms 126:4-6, Joel 2:12, Zechariah 12:10, James 4:9
seek the
29:12-14, Psalms 105:4, Isaiah 45:19, 55:6, Hosea 3:5, Zechariah 8:21-23
Verse 5

They shall ask the way to Zion with their faces thitherward, saying, Come, and let us join ourselves to the LORD in a perpetual covenant that shall not be forgotten.
ask
6:16, Psalms 25:8,9, 84:7, Isaiah 35:8, John 7:17
Come
31:31-36, Isaiah 2:3-5, Micah 4:1,2, Acts 11:23, 2 Corinthians 8:5
in a
32:40, Genesis 17:7, 2 Samuel 23:5, Isaiah 55:3, 56:6,7
that shall
32:40, 1 Kings 19:10,14, Hebrews 8:6-10
Verse 6

My people hath been lost sheep: their shepherds have caused them to go astray, they have turned them away on the mountains: they have gone from mountain to hill, they have forgotten their restingplace.
people
17, Psalms 119:176, Isaiah 53:6, Matthew 9:36, 10:6, 15:24, 18:11-13, Luke 15:4-7, 1 Peter 2:25
their shepherds
10:21, 23:11-15, Isaiah 56:10-12, Ezekiel 34:4-12, Zechariah 11:4-9
on the
2:20, 3:6,23, Ezekiel 34:6
have forgotten
2:32, Psalms 32:7, 90:1, 91:1, 116:7, Isaiah 30:15, 32:2
resting place
Heb. place to lie down in.
Psalms 23:2, Song of Solomon 1:7,8, Ezekiel 34:14,25-28
Verse 7

All that found them have devoured them: and their adversaries said, We offend not, because they have sinned against the LORD, the habitation of justice, even the LORD, the hope of their fathers.
have devoured
17,33, 12:7-11, Psalms 79:7, Isaiah 9:12, 56:9
We offend
2:3, 40:2,3, Isaiah 47:6, Daniel 9:6,16, Zechariah 1:15, 11:5
the habitation
31:23, Psalms 90:1, 91:1
the hope
14:8, Psalms 22:4,5, 1 Timothy 1:1
Verse 8

Remove out of the midst of Babylon, and go forth out of the land of the Chaldeans, and be as the he goats before the flocks.
out of the midst
51:6,45, Numbers 16:26, Isaiah 48:20, 52:1, Zechariah 2:6,7, 2 Corinthians 6:17, Revelation 18:4
he goats
Proverbs 30:31
Verse 9

For, lo, I will raise and cause to come up against Babylon an assembly of great nations from the north country: and they shall set themselves in array against her; from thence she shall be taken: their arrows shall be as of a mighty expert man; none shall return in vain.
I will raise
3,21,26,41,42, 15:14, 51:1-4,11,27,28, Ezra 1:1,2, Isaiah 13:2-5,17, Isaiah 21:2, 41:25, 45:1-4
an assembly
The army of Cyrus was composed of Medes, Persians, Armenians, Caducians, Sacæ, etc.; all of which, arranged under the Medes, came from the north.
they shall
14,29
expert man
or, destroyer. none.
2 Samuel 1:22, Isaiah 13:18
Verse 10

And Chaldea shall be a spoil: all that spoil her shall be satisfied, saith the LORD.
Chaldea
25:12, 27:7
all that
Isaiah 33:4,23, 45:3, Revelation 17:16
Verse 11

Because ye were glad, because ye rejoiced, O ye destroyers of mine heritage, because ye are grown fat as the heifer at grass, and bellow as bulls;
ye were
Proverbs 17:5, Lamentations 1:21, 2:15,16, 4:21,22, Ezekiel 25:3-8,15-17, 26:2,3, Obadiah 1:12
ye destroyers
17, 51:34,35, Psalms 74:2-8, 79:1-4, 83:1-5, Isaiah 10:6,7, 47:6, Zechariah 2:8,9, 14:1-3,12
ye are
27, 46:21, Deuteronomy 32:15, Psalms 22:12, Hosea 10:11, Amos 4:1
fat
Heb. big. or, corpulent.
5:28
bellow as bulls
or, neigh as steeds.
5:8
Verse 12

Your mother shall be sore confounded; she that bare you shall be ashamed: behold, the hindermost of the nations shall be a wilderness, a dry land, and a desert.
mother
49:2, Galatians 4:26, Revelation 17:5
the hindermost
25:26, Isaiah 23:13
a wilderness
35-40, 25:12, 51:25,26,43,62-64, Isaiah 13:20-22, 14:22, Revelation 18:21-23
Verse 13

Because of the wrath of the LORD it shall not be inhabited, but it shall be wholly desolate: every one that goeth by Babylon shall be astonished, and hiss at all her plagues.
Because
Zechariah 1:15
every
18:16, 19:8, 25:12, 49:17, 51:37, Job 27:23, Isaiah 14:4-17, Lamentations 2:15,16, Habakkuk 2:6-18, Zephaniah 2:15
Verse 14

Put yourselves in array against Babylon round about: all ye that bend the bow, shoot at her, spare no arrows: for she hath sinned against the LORD.
in array
9, 51:2,11,12,27, 1 Samuel 17:20, 2 Samuel 10:9, Isaiah 13:4,17,18
bend
29,42, 46:9, 49:35, Isaiah 5:28
for she
7,11,29, Psalms 51:4, Habakkuk 2:8,17, Revelation 17:5
Verse 15

Shout against her round about: she hath given her hand: her foundations are fallen, her walls are thrown down: for it is the vengeance of the LORD: take vengeance upon her; as she hath done, do unto her.
Shout
51:14, Joshua 6:5,20, Ezekiel 21:22
she hath
1 Chronicles 29:24; *marg:; 2 Chronicles 30:8; *marg:; Lamentations 5:6, Ezekiel 17:18
her foundations
51:25,44,58,64
for it
14,28, 46:10, 51:6,11,36, Deuteronomy 32:35,41,43, Psalms 94:1, 149:7, Isaiah 59:17, Isaiah 61:2, 63:4, Nahum 1:2, Luke 21:22, Romans 3:5, 12:19, 2 Thessalonians 1:8
as she
29, Judges 1:6,7, 1 Samuel 15:33, Psalms 137:8,9, Matthew 7:2, James 2:13, Revelation 16:6, Revelation 18:6, 19:2
Verse 16

Cut off the sower from Babylon, and him that handleth the sickle in the time of harvest: for fear of the oppressing sword they shall turn every one to his people, and they shall flee every one to his own land.
the sower
51:23, Joel 1:11, Amos 5:16
sickle
or, scythe. they shall turn every one.
46:16, 51:9, Isaiah 13:14
Verse 17

Israel is a scattered sheep; the lions have driven him away: first the king of Assyria hath devoured him; and last this Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon hath broken his bones.
a scattered
6, 23:1,2, Ezekiel 34:5,6,12, Joel 3:2, Matthew 9:36-38, Luke 15:4-6, John 10:10-12, 1 Peter 2:25
the lions
2:15, 5:6, 49:19, 51:38
first
2 Kings 15:29, 17:6-23, 18:9-13, 2 Chronicles 28:20, 32:1-23, 33:11, Isaiah 7:17-20, Isaiah 8:7,8, 10:5-7, 36:1-37
this
39:1-8, 51:34,35, 52:1, 2 Kings 24:1-25, 2 Chronicles 36:1-23, Isaiah 47:6, Daniel 6:24
Verse 18

Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; Behold, I will punish the king of Babylon and his land, as I have punished the king of Assyria.
as I
Isaiah 37:36-38, Ezekiel 31:3-17, Nahum 1:1-3, Zephaniah 2:13-15
Verse 19

And I will bring Israel again to his habitation, and he shall feed on Carmel and Bashan, and his soul shall be satisfied upon mount Ephraim and Gilead.
bring
4,5, 3:18, 23:3, 24:6,7, 30:10,18, 31:8-10, 32:37, 33:7-12, Isaiah 65:9, Isaiah 65:10, Ezekiel 11:17, 34:13,14, 36:24,33, 37:21,22, 38:8, 39:25-29, Amos 9:14,15, Obadiah 1:17-21
he shall
Isaiah 33:9, 35:2, Micah 7:14,18
his soul
31:14,25
mount
31:6, Joshua 17:15
Gilead
Numbers 32:1, Song of Solomon 6:5, Obadiah 1:19
Verse 20

In those days, and in that time, saith the LORD, the iniquity of Israel shall be sought for, and there shall be none; and the sins of Judah, and they shall not be found: for I will pardon them whom I reserve.
In those
4, 33:15
the iniquity
31:34, Numbers 23:21, Isaiah 11:1,2, 43:25, 44:22, Micah 7:19, Acts 3:19,26, Romans 8:33,34, Hebrews 8:10-12, 10:17,18
and there
Psalms 103:12, Romans 5:16, 2 Peter 3:15
I will pardon
44:14, Isaiah 1:9, Micah 7:19, Romans 6:13, 11:6,26,27
Verse 21

Go up against the land of Merathaim, even against it, and against the inhabitants of Pekod: waste and utterly destroy after them, saith the LORD, and do according to all that I have commanded thee.
up
3,9,15
Merathaim
or, the rebels. Pekod. or, visitation.
Ezekiel 23:23
and do
34:22, 48:10, Numbers 31:14-18, 1 Samuel 15:3,11-24, 2 Samuel 16:11, 2 Kings 18:25, 2 Chronicles 36:23, Isaiah 10:6, 44:28, 48:14
Verse 22

A sound of battle is in the land, and of great destruction.
4:19-21, 51:54-56, Isaiah 21:2-4
Verse 23

How is the hammer of the whole earth cut asunder and broken! how is Babylon become a desolation among the nations!
51:20-24, Isaiah 14:4-6,12-17, Revelation 18:16
Verse 24

I have laid a snare for thee, and thou art also taken, O Babylon, and thou wast not aware: thou art found, and also caught, because thou hast striven against the LORD.
snare
Ecclesiastes 9:12
and thou wast
51:8,31-39,57, Isaiah 21:3-5, Daniel 5:30,31, Revelation 18:7,8
because
Exodus 10:3, Job 9:4, 40:2,9, Isaiah 13:11, 45:9, 2 Thessalonians 2:4
Verse 25

The LORD hath opened his armoury, and hath brought forth the weapons of his indignation: for this is the work of the Lord GOD of hosts in the land of the Chaldeans.
opened
35-38, 51:11,20, Psalms 45:3,5, Isaiah 13:2-5,17,18, 21:7-9
this
15, 51:12,25,55, Isaiah 14:22-24, 46:10,11, 48:14,15, Amos 3:6, Revelation 18:8
Verse 26

Come against her from the utmost border, open her storehouses: cast her up as heaps, and destroy her utterly: let nothing of her be left.
against
41, 51:27,28, Isaiah 5:26
the utmost
Heb. the end. open.
10, 51:44, Isaiah 45:3
cast her up
or, tread her.
Isaiah 10:6, 25:10, 63:3,4, Micah 7:10, Revelation 14:19, 19:15
destroy
13,15,23, 51:25,26,64, Isaiah 14:23, Revelation 18:21-24
Verse 27

Slay all her bullocks; let them go down to the slaughter: woe unto them! for their day is come, the time of their visitation.
bullocks
11, 46:21, Psalms 22:12, Isaiah 34:7, Ezekiel 39:17-20, Revelation 19:17
their day
31, 27:7, 48:44, Psalms 37:13, Lamentations 1:21, Ezekiel 7:5-7, Revelation 16:17-19, 18:10
Verse 28

The voice of them that flee and escape out of the land of Babylon, to declare in Zion the vengeance of the LORD our God, the vengeance of his temple.
voice
51:50,51, Isaiah 48:20
to declare
15, 51:10,11, Psalms 149:6-9, Daniel 5:3-5,23, Zechariah 12:2,3
vengeance of his
Lamentations 1:10, 2:6,7
Verse 29

Call together the archers against Babylon: all ye that bend the bow, camp against it round about; let none thereof escape: recompense her according to her work; according to all that she hath done, do unto her: for she hath been proud against the LORD, against the Holy One of Israel.
the archers
9,14,26
recompense
15, 51:56, Psalms 137:8,9, Revelation 16:6, 18:6
for she hath
24,32, Exodus 10:3, Isaiah 14:13,14, 37:23, 47:10, Daniel 4:37, 5:23, 11:36, 2 Thessalonians 2:4, Revelation 13:5,6
Verse 30

Therefore shall her young men fall in the streets, and all her men of war shall be cut off in that day, saith the LORD.
Therefore
Gobrias and Gadates, when they entered Babylon, marched directly to the palace, killing all they met.
her young
9:21, 18:21, 48:15, 49:26, 51:3,4, Isaiah 13:15-18
all her
36, 51:56,57, Revelation 6:15, 19:18
Verse 31

Behold, I am against thee, O thou most proud, saith the Lord GOD of hosts: for thy day is come, the time that I will visit thee.
I am
21:13, 51:25, Ezekiel 5:8, 29:3,9,10, 38:3, 39:1, Nahum 2:13, 3:5
O thou
29,32, 48:29, 49:16, Job 40:11,12, Daniel 4:30,31, Habakkuk 2:4,5, James 4:6, 1 Peter 5:5
most proud
Heb. pride. for.
Verse 32

And the most proud shall stumble and fall, and none shall raise him up: and I will kindle a fire in his cities, and it shall devour all round about him.
the most proud
Heb. pride.
Proverbs 16:18, 18:12, Isaiah 10:12-15, 14:13-15, Ezekiel 28:2-9, Daniel 5:20,23-30
none
51:26,64, Revelation 18:8
kindle
21:14, 49:27, Deuteronomy 32:22, Amos 1:4,7,10,12,14, 2:2,5
Verse 33

Thus saith the LORD of hosts; The children of Israel and the children of Judah were oppressed together: and all that took them captives held them fast; they refused to let them go.
and all
7,17,18, 51:34-36, Isaiah 14:17, 47:6, 49:24-26, 51:23, 52:4-6, Zechariah 1:15,16
they refused
34:15-18, Exodus 5:2, 8:2, 9:2,3,17,18, Isaiah 14:17, 58:6
Verse 34

Their Redeemer is strong; the LORD of hosts is his name: he shall throughly plead their cause, that he may give rest to the land, and disquiet the inhabitants of Babylon.
Redeemer
Exodus 6:6, Proverbs 23:11, Isaiah 41:14, 43:14, 44:6,23,24, 47:4, 54:5, Micah 4:10, Revelation 18:8
plead
51:36, Psalms 35:1, 43:1, Proverbs 22:23, Isaiah 51:22, Micah 7:9
that he
Isaiah 14:3-7, 2 Thessalonians 1:6,7, Revelation 19:1-3
Verse 35

A sword is upon the Chaldeans, saith the LORD, and upon the inhabitants of Babylon, and upon her princes, and upon her wise men.
sword
47:6, Leviticus 26:25, Isaiah 66:16, Ezekiel 14:2, Hosea 11:6, Zechariah 11:17
upon her princes
27,30, 51:39,57, Isaiah 41:25, Daniel 5:1,2,30
her wise men
8:9, 10:7, Isaiah 19:11-13, 29:14, 44:25, 47:13,14, Daniel 5:7,8
Verse 36

A sword is upon the liars; and they shall dote: a sword is upon her mighty men; and they shall be dismayed.
upon the liars
or, upon the chief stays. Heb. bars.
48:30, Isaiah 43:14; *marg:; Isaiah 44:25, 2 Thessalonians 2:9-11, 1 Timothy 4:2, Revelation 19:20, 21:8, 22:15
dote
2 Samuel 15:31, 17:14, 2 Chronicles 25:16, Isaiah 47:10-15, 1 Timothy 6:4
her mighty
30, 49:22, 51:23,30,32, Nahum 2:8, 3:7,13,17,18
Verse 37

A sword is upon their horses, and upon their chariots, and upon all the mingled people that are in the midst of her; and they shall become as women: a sword is upon her treasures; and they shall be robbed.
their horses
51:21, Psalms 20:7,8, 46:9, 76:6, Ezekiel 39:20, Nahum 2:2-4,13, Haggai 2:22
all the
25:20,24, Ezekiel 30:5
as women
48:41, 51:30, Isaiah 19:16, Nahum 3:13
her treasures
26, Isaiah 45:3
Verse 38

A drought is upon her waters; and they shall be dried up: for it is the land of graven images, and they are mad upon their idols.
A drought
12, 51:32-36, Isaiah 44:27, Revelation 16:12, 17:15,16
the land
2, 51:44,47,52, Isaiah 46:1-7, Daniel 3:1-30, 5:4, Habakkuk 2:18,19, Revelation 17:5
mad
51:7, Isaiah 44:25, Acts 17:16
Verse 39

Therefore the wild beasts of the desert with the wild beasts of the islands shall dwell there, and the owls shall dwell therein: and it shall be no more inhabited for ever; neither shall it be dwelt in from generation to generation.
12,13, 25:12, 51:26,37,38,43,62-64, Isaiah 13:20-22, 14:23, 34:11-17, Revelation 18:2,21-24
Verse 40

As God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah and the neighbour cities thereof, saith the LORD; so shall no man abide there, neither shall any son of man dwell therein.
49:18, 51:26, Genesis 19:24,25, Deuteronomy 29:23, Isaiah 1:9, 13:19,20, Hosea 11:8,9, Amos 4:11, Zephaniah 2:9, Luke 17:28-30, 2 Peter 2:6, Jude 1:7, Revelation 11:8, 18:8,9
Verse 41

Behold, a people shall come from the north, and a great nation, and many kings shall be raised up from the coasts of the earth.
2,3,9, 6:22,23, 25:14, 51:1,2,11,27,28, Isaiah 13:2-5,17,18, Revelation 17:16
Verse 42

They shall hold the bow and the lance: they are cruel, and will not shew mercy: their voice shall roar like the sea, and they shall ride upon horses, every one put in array, like a man to the battle, against thee, O daughter of Babylon.
hold
6:22,23
they are cruel
Psalms 74:20, 137:8,9, Isaiah 13:17,18, 14:6, 47:6, Habakkuk 1:6-8, James 2:13, Revelation 16:6
their voice
Psalms 46:2,3,6, Isaiah 5:30
shall ride
8:16, 47:3, Isaiah 5:28, Habakkuk 1:8, Revelation 19:14-18
Verse 43

The king of Babylon hath heard the report of them, and his hands waxed feeble: anguish took hold of him, and pangs as of a woman in travail.
king
51:31, Isaiah 13:6-8, 21:3,4, Daniel 5:5,6
pangs
49:22,24
Verse 44

Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the swelling of Jordan unto the habitation of the strong: but I will make them suddenly run away from her: and who is a chosen man, that I may appoint over her? for who is like me? and who will appoint me the time? and who is that shepherd that will stand before me?
like a lion
25:38, 49:19-21
who is a
Job 41:10,11, Isaiah 41:25, 46:11
for who
Exodus 15:11, Psalms 89:6,8, Isaiah 40:18,25, 43:10
appoint me the time
or, convent me to plead. who is that.
49:19, Job 41:10
Verse 45

Therefore hear ye the counsel of the LORD, that he hath taken against Babylon; and his purposes, that he hath purposed against the land of the Chaldeans: Surely the least of the flock shall draw them out: surely he shall make their habitation desolate with them.
hear
51:10,11, Psalms 33:10,11, Isaiah 14:24-27, 46:10,11, Acts 4:28, Ephesians 1:11, Revelation 17:16,17
the least
37:10, 49:20
surely he
We have already adverted to the completion of the prophecies respecting the final destruction of Babylon, (on Isa 13:18,) and shall only add a few more observations, in order to shew more clearly the full accomplishment of some of these predictions. Strabo says that in his time (about the Christian era) a great part of it was a desert. Jerome says that in his time (cir. A.D. 340) it was quite in ruins, the walls merely serving for an inclosure for wild beasts, for the hunting of the kings of Parthia: and modern travellers universally concur in describing it in a state of utter desolation, and the habitation of wild beasts and noxious reptiles.
Verse 46

At the noise of the taking of Babylon the earth is moved, and the cry is heard among the nations.
49:21, Isaiah 14:9,10, Ezekiel 26:18, 31:16, 32:10, Revelation 18:9-19

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