Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

1 Samuel 7

Introduction

1  They of Kirjath-jearim bring the ark into the house of Abinadab, and sanctify Eleazar, his son to keep it.
2  After twenty years,
3  the Israelites, by Samuel's means, solemnly repent at Mizpeh.
7  While Samuel prays and sacrifices, the Lord discomfits the Philistines by thunder at Eben-ezer.
13  The Philistines are subdued.
15  Samuel judges Israel.
Verse 1

And the men of Kirjathjearim came, and fetched up the ark of the LORD, and brought it into the house of Abinadab in the hill, and sanctified Eleazar his son to keep the ark of the LORD.
Kirjath-jearim
6:21, Joshua 18:14, 2 Samuel 6:2, 1 Chronicles 13:5,6, Psalms 132:6
Abinadab
2 Samuel 6:3,4, 1 Chronicles 13:7, Isaiah 52:11
Verse 2

And it came to pass, while the ark abode in Kirjathjearim, that the time was long; for it was twenty years: and all the house of Israel lamented after the LORD.
lamented
Judges 2:4, Jeremiah 3:13,22-25, 31:9, Zechariah 12:10,11, Matthew 5:4, 2 Corinthians 7:10,11
Verse 3

And Samuel spake unto all the house of Israel, saying, If ye do return unto the LORD with all your hearts, then put away the strange gods and Ashtaroth from among you, and prepare your hearts unto the LORD, and serve him only: and he will deliver you out of the hand of the Philistines.
A. M. 2884. B.C. 1120. An. Ex. Is. 371. return
Deuteronomy 30:2-10, 1 Kings 8:48, Isaiah 55:7, Hosea 6:1,2, 14:1, Joel 2:12,13
put away
Genesis 35:2, Joshua 24:14,23, Judges 2:13, 10:6
prepare
Deuteronomy 30:6, 1 Chronicles 22:19, 28:9, 2 Chronicles 30:19, Job 11:13,14, Proverbs 16:1, Jeremiah 4:3,4, Ezekiel 18:31, Matthew 15:8, John 4:24
serve him
Deuteronomy 6:13, 10:20, 13:4, Matthew 4:10, 6:24, Luke 4:8
Verse 4

Then the children of Israel did put away Baalim and Ashtaroth, and served the LORD only.
Judges 2:11,13, 10:15,16, 1 Kings 11:33, Hosea 14:3,8
Verse 5

And Samuel said, Gather all Israel to Mizpeh, and I will pray for you unto the LORD.
Gather
Nehemiah 9:1, Joel 2:16
Mizpeh
12,16, 10:17, Joshua 15:38, Judges 20:1, 2 Kings 25:23
I will pray
12:23
Verse 6

And they gathered together to Mizpeh, and drew water, and poured it out before the LORD, and fasted on that day, and said there, We have sinned against the LORD. And Samuel judged the children of Israel in Mizpeh.
drew water
Grotius says, that the pouring out of water means the shedding of tears; and the Targum reads, "And they poured out their hearts in penitence, as waters, before the Lord." Others suppose that it was done emblematically, to represent the contrition of their hearts, and their desire to wash away their past offences. But some learned men conceive that it was poured out as a libation, in token of joy, after they had fasted and confessed their sin, as they were wont to do in the feast of tabernacles. (See note on Nu. 29:35.)
1:15, 2 Samuel 14:14, Job 16:20, Psalms 6:6, 42:3, 119:136, Jeremiah 9:1, Lamentations 2:11,18, 3:49
fasted
2 Chronicles 20:3, Ezra 8:21-23, Nehemiah 9:1-3, Daniel 9:3-5, Joel 2:12, Jonah 3:1-10
We have sinned
Leviticus 26:40, Judges 10:10, 1 Kings 8:47, Ezra 9:5-10, Job 33:27, 40:4, 42:6, Psalms 38:3-8, 106:6, Jeremiah 3:13,14, 31:19, Luke 15:18
judged
Judges 3:10, Nehemiah 9:27, Ezekiel 20:4
Verse 7

And when the Philistines heard that the children of Israel were gathered together to Mizpeh, the lords of the Philistines went up against Israel. And when the children of Israel heard it, they were afraid of the Philistines.
afraid
13:6, 17:11, Exodus 14:10, 2 Chronicles 20:3
Verse 8

And the children of Israel said to Samuel, Cease not to cry unto the LORD our God for us, that he will save us out of the hand of the Philistines.
Cease, etc
Heb. Be not silent from us from crying.
12:19-24, Isaiah 37:4, 62:1,6,7, James 5:16
Verse 9

And Samuel took a sucking lamb, and offered it for a burnt offering wholly unto the LORD: and Samuel cried unto the LORD for Israel; and the LORD heard him.
a sucking
17, 6:14,15, 9:12, 10:8, 16:2, Judges 6:26,28, 1 Kings 18:30-38
cried unto
Psalms 50:15, 99:6, Jeremiah 15:1, James 5:16
heard
or, answered.
Verse 10

And as Samuel was offering up the burnt offering, the Philistines drew near to battle against Israel: but the LORD thundered with a great thunder on that day upon the Philistines, and discomfited them; and they were smitten before Israel.
thundered
2:10, 12:17, Exodus 9:23-25, Judges 5:8,20, Psalms 18:11-14, 77:16-18, 97:3,4, Revelation 16:18-21
discomfited
Deuteronomy 20:3,4, Joshua 10:10, Judges 4:15, 5:20, Zechariah 4:6
Verse 11

And the men of Israel went out of Mizpeh, and pursued the Philistines, and smote them, until they came under Bethcar.
Beth-car
This place was probably situated in the tribe of Dan. Josephus calls it [ ;] the LXX. [ ;] Targum, Beth-saron; Syriac and Arabic Beth-jasan; by which Houbigant supposes is meant Beth-shan.
Verse 12

Then Samuel took a stone, and set it between Mizpeh and Shen, and called the name of it Ebenezer, saying, Hitherto hath the LORD helped us.
took a stone
Genesis 28:18,19, 31:45-52, 35:14, Joshua 4:9,20-24, 24:26,27, Isaiah 19:19
Ebenezer
that is, The stone of help.
4:1, 5:1, Genesis 22:14, Exodus 17:15
Hitherto
Psalms 71:6,17, Isaiah 46:3,4, Acts 26:22, 2 Corinthians 1:10
Verse 13

So the Philistines were subdued, and they came no more into the coast of Israel: and the hand of the LORD was against the Philistines all the days of Samuel.
subdued
Judges 13:1
came no more
13:1-5
against
14:6-16,20-23, 17:49-53, 28:3-5, 31:1-7
Verse 14

And the cities which the Philistines had taken from Israel were restored to Israel, from Ekron even unto Gath; and the coasts thereof did Israel deliver out of the hands of the Philistines. And there was peace between Israel and the Amorites.
peace
Deuteronomy 7:2,16, Judges 4:17, Psalms 106:34
Verse 15

And Samuel judged Israel all the days of his life.
A. M. 2873-2947. B.C. 1131-1057. judged
6, 12:1, 25:1, Judges 2:16, 3:10,11, Acts 13:20,21
Verse 16

And he went from year to year in circuit to Bethel, and Gilgal, and Mizpeh, and judged Israel in all those places.
he went
When he was at Bethel, the tribe of Ephraim and all the northern parts of the country could attend him; when at Gilgal, the tribe of Benjamin and those beyond Jordan could have easy access to him; and when at Mizpeh, he was within the reach of Judah, Simeon, and Gad: but at Ramah was the place of his ordinary abode; and there he held his court, for there he judged Israel: and as it is probable that Shiloh was destroyed, it is said (ver. 17) that there, i.e., at Ramah, "he built an altar to the Lord."
in circuit
Heb. and he circuited.
Judges 5:10, 10:4, 12:14, Psalms 75:2, 82:3,4
Verse 17

And his return was to Ramah; for there was his house; and there he judged Israel; and there he built an altar unto the LORD.
his return
1:1,19, 8:4, 19:18-23
he built
11:15, Genesis 12:7,8, 33:20, 35:7, Judges 21:5, 1 Kings 18:30-36

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