Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Deuteronomy 2

Introduction

1  The story is continued, that they were not to meddle with the Edomites;
9  nor with the Moabites;
16  nor with the Ammonites;
24  but Sihon the Amorite was subdued by them.
Verse 1

Then we turned, and took our journey into the wilderness by the way of the Red sea, as the LORD spake unto me: and we compassed mount Seir many days.
we turned
1:40, Numbers 14:25
we compassed
1:2, Numbers 21:4, Judges 11:18
Verse 3

Ye have compassed this mountain long enough: turn you northward.
long enough
7,14, 1:6
Verse 4

And command thou the people, saying, Ye are to pass through the coast of your brethren the children of Esau, which dwell in Seir; and they shall be afraid of you: take ye good heed unto yourselves therefore:
Ye are to pass
23:7, Numbers 20:14-21, Obadiah 1:10-13
they shall
Exodus 15:15, Numbers 22:3,4, 24:14-18
take ye
Matthew 5:16, Luke 12:15, Ephesians 5:15, Philippians 2:15, Colossians 4:5
Verse 5

Meddle not with them; for I will not give you of their land, no, not so much as a foot breadth; because I have given mount Seir unto Esau for a possession.
no, not so much as a foot breadth
Heb. even to the treading of the sole of the foot.
Acts 7:5
because
32:8, Genesis 36:8, Joshua 24:4, 2 Chronicles 20:10-12, Jeremiah 27:5, Daniel 4:25,32, Acts 17:26
Verse 6

Ye shall buy meat of them for money, that ye may eat; and ye shall also buy water of them for money, that ye may drink.
28,29, Numbers 20:19, Matthew 7:12, Romans 12:17, 2 Thessalonians 3:7,8
Verse 7

For the LORD thy God hath blessed thee in all the works of thy hand: he knoweth thy walking through this great wilderness: these forty years the LORD thy God hath been with thee; thou hast lacked nothing.
blessed
Genesis 12:2, 24:35, 26:12, 30:27, 39:5, Psalms 90:17
he knoweth
Job 23:10, Psalms 1:6, 31:7, John 10:27
these forty
8:2-4, 29:5, Nehemiah 9:21, Luke 22:35
Verse 8

And when we passed by from our brethren the children of Esau, which dwelt in Seir, through the way of the plain from Elath, and from Eziongaber, we turned and passed by the way of the wilderness of Moab.
And when
Numbers 20:20,21, Judges 11:18
Elath
1 Kings 9:26
Eloth
2 Kings 14:22, 16:6
Verse 9

And the LORD said unto me, Distress not the Moabites, neither contend with them in battle: for I will not give thee of their land for a possession; because I have given Ar unto the children of Lot for a possession.
Distress not the Moabites
or, Use no hostility against Moab.
Numbers 22:4, Judges 11:17, 2 Chronicles 20:10
Ar
Ar was situated south of the Arnon; and was called by the Greek writers Areopolis, and thought by them to be so named because the inhabitants worshipped [Ares] or Mars. St. Jerome says that it was destroyed by an earthquake when he was an infant. Burckhardt supposes that the ruins of a small castle called Mehatet el Hadj, may be the site of this ancient city.
5, Numbers 21:15,28
the children
19, Genesis 19:36,37, Psalms 83:8
Verse 10

The Emims dwelt therein in times past, a people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakims;
11, Genesis 14:5
Verse 11

Which also were accounted giants, as the Anakims; but the Moabites call them Emims.
as the Anakims
1:28, 9:2, Numbers 13:22,28,33
Verse 12

The Horims also dwelt in Seir beforetime; but the children of Esau succeeded them, when they had destroyed them from before them, and dwelt in their stead; as Israel did unto the land of his possession, which the LORD gave unto them.
Horims
22, Genesis 14:6, 36:20-30, 1 Chronicles 1:38-42
succeeded them
Heb. inherited them.
Genesis 36:31-43, 1 Chronicles 1:43-54
stead
or, room. as Israel did. Israel had, at the time when Moses spake this, conquered Sihon and Og, and taken possession of their countries, as Edom had done to the Horims.
22,32-37, 3:1-11, Genesis 36:20, Numbers 21:21-35
Verse 13

Now rise up, said I, and get you over the brook Zered. And we went over the brook Zered.
brook
or, valley.
Numbers 13:23; *marg:
Zered
The brook or torrent Zered, takes its rise in the mountains of Moab, and, running from east to west, falls into the Dead Sea. It seems to be the stream which Burckhardt calls Wady Beni Hammad, south of the Modjeb or Arnon, and about five hours north of Kerek.
Numbers 21:12
Zared
Verse 14

And the space in which we came from Kadeshbarnea, until we were come over the brook Zered, was thirty and eight years; until all the generation of the men of war were wasted out from among the host, as the LORD sware unto them.
Kadesh-barnea
1:2,19,46, Numbers 13:26
until all the generation
1:34,35, Numbers 14:28-35, 26:64,65, 32:11, Psalms 90:3,9, 95:11, Ezekiel 20:15, Hebrews 3:8-19, Jude 1:5
Verse 15

For indeed the hand of the LORD was against them, to destroy them from among the host, until they were consumed.
the hand of the
Judges 2:15, 1 Samuel 5:6,9,11, 7:13, Psalms 32:4, 78:33, 90:7-9, 106:26, Isaiah 66:14, 1 Corinthians 10:5
Verse 18

Thou art to pass over through Ar, the coast of Moab, this day:
Numbers 21:15,23, Isaiah 15:1
Verse 19

And when thou comest nigh over against the children of Ammon, distress them not, nor meddle with them: for I will not give thee of the land of the children of Ammon any possession; because I have given it unto the children of Lot for a possession.
5,9, Genesis 19:36-38, Judges 11:13-27, 2 Chronicles 20:10
Verse 20

(That also was accounted a land of giants: giants dwelt therein in old time; and the Ammonites call them Zamzummims;
Zamzummims
Genesis 14:5
Zuzims
Verse 21

A people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakims; but the LORD destroyed them before them; and they succeeded them, and dwelt in their stead:
great
10,11, 1:28, 3:11
but the Lord
These fragments of ancient history seem to be introduced to encourage the Israelites. If the Lord destroyed these gigantic people before the posterity of Lot and of Esau, what cause had the posterity of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, his chosen servants and friends, to fear the Anakims, or the Canaanites? especially as Israel acted by commission from God, and had his promise as their security of success, and the pledge of it in his presence, and the wonders which he had already wrought for them; and as they were the only nation of worshippers of the Lord, in the ordinances of his institution, which could be found on earth. This is so often repeated to possess the minds of the Israelites with a sense of God's providence, which rules every where; displacing one people, and placing another in their stead; and fixing their bounds also, which they cannot pass without his leave.
22, Judges 11:24, Jeremiah 27:7,8, Habakkuk 1:10,11
Verse 22

As he did to the children of Esau, which dwelt in Seir, when he destroyed the Horims from before them; and they succeeded them, and dwelt in their stead even unto this day:
Esau
Genesis 36:8
the Horims
12, Genesis 14:6, 36:20-30, 1 Chronicles 1:38-42
Verse 23

And the Avims which dwelt in Hazerim, even unto Azzah, the Caphtorims, which came forth out of Caphtor, destroyed them, and dwelt in their stead.)
the Avims
Joshua 13:3
Avites
Azzah.
1 Kings 4:24, Jeremiah 25:20, Zephaniah 2:4, Zechariah 9:5
Gaza
the Caphtorims which came.
Genesis 10:14, Jeremiah 47:4, Amos 9:7, Acts 17:26
Verse 24

Rise ye up, take your journey, and pass over the river Arnon: behold, I have given into thine hand Sihon the Amorite, king of Heshbon, and his land: begin to possess it, and contend with him in battle.
the river Arnon
36, Numbers 21:13-15, Judges 11:18-21
behold
Joshua 6:16, 2 Chronicles 36:23, Ezra 1:2, Jeremiah 27:5, Ezekiel 29:20, Daniel 2:38, 4:17
begin to possess it
Heb. begin, possess.
Verse 25

This day will I begin to put the dread of thee and the fear of thee upon the nations that are under the whole heaven, who shall hear report of thee, and shall tremble, and be in anguish because of thee.
11:25, 28:10, Exodus 15:14-16, 23:27, Joshua 2:9-12, 9:24, 2 Kings 7:6,7, Psalms 105:38, Jeremiah 33:9, Revelation 3:9
Verse 26

And I sent messengers out of the wilderness of Kedemoth unto Sihon king of Heshbon with words of peace, saying,
Kedemoth
Joshua 13:18, 21:37
with words
20:10,11, Esther 9:30, Matthew 10:12-15, Luke 10:5,6,10-12
Verse 27

Let me pass through thy land: I will go along by the high way, I will neither turn unto the right hand nor to the left.
6, Numbers 21:21-23, Judges 11:19
Verse 28

Thou shalt sell me meat for money, that I may eat; and give me water for money, that I may drink: only I will pass through on my feet;
only I will pass
Numbers 20:19
Verse 29

(As the children of Esau which dwell in Seir, and the Moabites which dwell in Ar, did unto me;) until I shall pass over Jordan into the land which the LORD our God giveth us.
As the children
It appears to have been only the Edomites of Kadesh-barnea, south of Canaan, who denied the Israelites a passage; for those of mount Seir, now called Shera, are here expressly said to have granted it them: and this, in fact, was the very road by which they arrived at Canaan.
23:3,4, Numbers 20:18, Judges 11:17,18
into the land
4:1,21,40, 5:16, 9:6, 25:15, Exodus 20:12, Joshua 1:11-15
Verse 30

But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him: for the LORD thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into thy hand, as appeareth this day.
for the Lord
Exodus 4:21, 11:10, Numbers 21:23, Joshua 11:19,20, Judges 11:20, Romans 9:17-23
obstinate
Isaiah 48:4
Verse 31

And the LORD said unto me, Behold, I have begun to give Sihon and his land before thee: begin to possess, that thou mayest inherit his land.
give Sihon
24, 1:8
Verse 32

Then Sihon came out against us, he and all his people, to fight at Jahaz.
Numbers 21:23-30, Judges 11:20-23, Nehemiah 9:22, Psalms 120:7, 135:11, 136:19
Verse 33

And the LORD our God delivered him before us; and we smote him, and his sons, and all his people.
the Lord
3:2,3, 7:2, 20:16, Genesis 14:20, Joshua 21:44, Judges 1:4, 7:2
we smote
29:7,8, Numbers 21:24, Joshua 10:30-42
Verse 34

And we took all his cities at that time, and utterly destroyed the men, and the women, and the little ones, of every city, we left none to remain:
utterly destroyed
7:2,26, 20:16-18, Leviticus 27:28,29, Numbers 21:2,3, Joshua 7:11, 8:25,26, 9:24, Joshua 11:14, 1 Samuel 15:3,8,9
the men, and the women, and the little ones of every city
Heb. every city of men, and women, and little ones.
Verse 35

Only the cattle we took for a prey unto ourselves, and the spoil of the cities which we took.
20:14, Numbers 31:9-11, Joshua 8:27
Verse 36

From Aroer, which is by the brink of the river of Arnon, and from the city that is by the river, even unto Gilead, there was not one city too strong for us: the LORD our God delivered all unto us:
Aroer
3:12, 4:48, Joshua 13:9, Isaiah 17:2, Jeremiah 48:19
not
Joshua 1:5, Psalms 44:3, Isaiah 41:15,16, Romans 8:31
Verse 37

Only unto the land of the children of Ammon thou camest not, nor unto any place of the river Jabbok, nor unto the cities in the mountains, nor unto whatsoever the LORD our God forbad us.
unto the land
5,9,19, 3:16, Judges 11:15
Jabbok
Genesis 32:22, Numbers 21:24, Joshua 12:2

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