Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Genesis 14

Introduction

1  The battle of four kings against the king of Sodom and his allies.
12  Lot is taken prisoner.
14  Abram rescues him.
17  Melchizedek blesses Abram at his return, who gives him tithes.
21  The rest of the spoil, his partners having had their portions he restores to the king of Sodom.
Verse 1

And it came to pass in the days of Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of nations;
A. M. 2091. B.C. 1913
Shinar
10:10, 11:2, Isaiah 11:11, Daniel 1:2, Zechariah 5:11
Ellasar
Isaiah 37:12
Elam
10:22, Isaiah 21:2, 22:6, Jeremiah 25:25, 49:34-39, Ezekiel 32:24
Verse 2

That these made war with Bera king of Sodom, and with Birsha king of Gomorrah, Shinab king of Admah, and Shemeber king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela, which is Zoar.
Sodom
10:19, 13:10, 19:24, Isaiah 1:9,10
Admah
Deuteronomy 29:23, Hosea 11:8
Zeboiim
1 Samuel 13:18, Nehemiah 11:34
Zoar
19:20-30, Deuteronomy 34:3, Isaiah 15:5, Jeremiah 48:34
Verse 3

All these were joined together in the vale of Siddim, which is the salt sea.
salt sea
19:24, Numbers 34:12, Deuteronomy 3:17, Joshua 3:16, Psalms 107:34; *marg:
Verse 4

Twelve years they served Chedorlaomer, and in the thirteenth year they rebelled.
they served
9:25,26
they rebelled
Ezekiel 17:15
Verse 5

And in the fourteenth year came Chedorlaomer, and the kings that were with him, and smote the Rephaims in Ashteroth Karnaim, and the Zuzims in Ham, and the Emims in Shaveh Kiriathaim,
Rephaims
15:20, Deuteronomy 3:11,20,22, 2 Samuel 5:18,22, 23:13, 1 Chronicles 11:15, 14:9, Isaiah 17:5
Ashteroth
The same as Ashteroth, a city of Bashan, where Og afterwards reigned.
Deuteronomy 1:4, Joshua 12:4, 13:12,31
Zuzims
Deuteronomy 2:20-23, 1 Chronicles 4:40, Psalms 78:51, 105:23,27, 106:22
Emims
Deuteronomy 2:10,11
Shaveh Kiriathaim
or, the plains of Kiriathaim; Kiriathaim was beyond Jordan, 10 miles west-ward from Medeba, and afterwards belonged to Sihon, king of Heshbon.
Joshua 13:19, Jeremiah 48:1,23
Verse 6

And the Horites in their mount Seir, unto Elparan, which is by the wilderness.
Horites
36:8,20-30, Deuteronomy 2:12,22, 1 Chronicles 1:38-42
El-paran
or, the plain of Paran.
16:7, 21:21, Numbers 12:16, 13:3, Habakkuk 3:3
Verse 7

And they returned, and came to Enmishpat, which is Kadesh, and smote all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, that dwelt in Hazezontamar.
Kadesh
En-mishpat or Kadesh, was about 8 leagues south of Hebron.
16:14, 20:1, Numbers 20:1, Deuteronomy 1:19,46
Amalekites
36:12,16, Exodus 17:8-16, Numbers 14:43,45, 24:20, 1 Samuel 15:1-35, 27:1-12, 1 Samuel 30:1-31
Hazezon-tamar
Called by the Chaldee, "En-gaddi," a town on the western shore of the Dead Sea.
Joshua 15:62, 2 Chronicles 20:2
Verse 8

And there went out the king of Sodom, and the king of Gomorrah, and the king of Admah, and the king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (the same is Zoar;) and they joined battle with them in the vale of Siddim;
same
2, 13:10, 19:20,22
in
3,10
Verse 9

Genesis 14:1

Verse 10

And the vale of Siddim was full of slimepits; and the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, and fell there; and they that remained fled to the mountain.
slime pits
Places where asphaltus or bitumen sprung out of the ground: this substance which is properly denoted by the word "slime," abounds in these parts.
11:3
fell
Joshua 8:24, Psalms 83:10, Isaiah 24:18, Jeremiah 48:44
the mountain
19:17,30
Verse 11

And they took all the goods of Sodom and Gomorrah, and all their victuals, and went their way.
16,21, 12:5, Deuteronomy 28:31,35,51
Verse 12

And they took Lot, Abram's brother's son, who dwelt in Sodom, and his goods, and departed.
Lot
11:27, 12:5
who
13:12,13, Numbers 16:26, Job 9:23, Jeremiah 2:17-19, 1 Timothy 6:9-11, Revelation 3:19, 18:4
Verse 13

And there came one that had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew; for he dwelt in the plain of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol, and brother of Aner: and these were confederate with Abram.
one
1 Samuel 4:12, Job 1:15
the
39:14, 40:15, 41:12, 43:32, Exodus 2:6,11, Jonah 1:9, 2 Corinthians 11:22, Philippians 2:5
dwelt
13:18
Mamre
24, 13:18
Amorite
10:16, Numbers 21:21
and these
Verse 14

And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he armed his trained servants, born in his own house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued them unto Dan.
his brother
11:27-31, 13:8, Proverbs 17:17, 24:11,12, Galatians 6:1,2, 1 John 2:18
armed
or, led forth.
Psalms 45:3-5, 68:12, Isaiah 41:2,3
trained
or, instructed. born.
12:5,16, 15:3, 17:12,27, 18:19, 23:6, Ecclesiastes 2:7
Dan
Deuteronomy 34:1, Judges 18:29, 20:1
Verse 15

And he divided himself against them, he and his servants, by night, and smote them, and pursued them unto Hobah, which is on the left hand of Damascus.
And he
Psalms 112:5
smote
Isaiah 41:2,3
Damascus
Deuteronomy 15:2, 1 Kings 15:18, Acts 9:2
Verse 16

And he brought back all the goods, and also brought again his brother Lot, and his goods, and the women also, and the people.
11,12, 12:2, 1 Samuel 30:8,18,19, Isaiah 41:2
Verse 17

And the king of Sodom went out to meet him after his return from the slaughter of Chedorlaomer, and of the kings that were with him, at the valley of Shaveh, which is the king's dale.
to
Judges 11:34, 1 Samuel 18:6, Proverbs 14:20, 19:4
after
Hebrews 7:1
king's
2 Samuel 18:18
Verse 18

And Melchizedek king of Salem brought forth bread and wine: and he was the priest of the most high God.
king
Psalms 76:2, Hebrews 7:1,2
bread
Matthew 26:26-29, Galatians 6:10
the priest
Psalms 110:4, Hebrews 5:6,10, 6:20, 7:1,3,10-22
the most
Ruth 3:10, 2 Samuel 2:5, Psalms 7:17, 50:14, 57:2, Micah 6:6, Acts 7:48, 16:17
Verse 19

And he blessed him, and said, Blessed be Abram of the most high God, possessor of heaven and earth:
he blessed
27:4,25-29, 47:7,10, 48:9-16, 49:28, Numbers 6:23-27, Mark 10:16, Hebrews 7:6,7
Blessed be
Ruth 3:10, 2 Samuel 2:5, Ephesians 1:3,6
high
Micah 6:6, Acts 16:17
possessor
22, Psalms 24:1, 50:10, 115:16, Matthew 11:25, Luke 10:21
Verse 20

And blessed be the most high God, which hath delivered thine enemies into thy hand. And he gave him tithes of all.
blessed
9:26, 24:27, Psalms 68:19, 72:17-19, 144:1, Ephesians 1:3, 1 Peter 1:3,4
which
Joshua 10:42, Psalms 44:3
tithes
28:22, Leviticus 27:30-32, Numbers 28:26, Deuteronomy 12:17, 14:23,28, 2 Chronicles 31:5,6,12, Nehemiah 10:37, 13:12, Amos 4:4, Malachi 3:8,10, Luke 18:12, Romans 15:16, Hebrews 7:4-9
Verse 21

And the king of Sodom said unto Abram, Give me the persons, and take the goods to thyself.
persons
Heb. souls.
Verse 22

And Abram said to the king of Sodom, I have lift up mine hand unto the LORD, the most high God, the possessor of heaven and earth,
lift
Exodus 6:8, Deuteronomy 32:40, Daniel 12:7, Revelation 10:5,6
unto
21:23-31, Judges 11:35
the most
20, 17:1, Psalms 24:1, 83:18, Isaiah 57:15, Daniel 4:34, Haggai 2:8
possessor
19, 21:33
Verse 23

That I will not take from a thread even to a shoelatchet, and that I will not take any thing that is thine, lest thou shouldest say, I have made Abram rich:
That I
1 Kings 13:8, 2 Kings 5:16,20, Esther 9:15,16, 2 Corinthians 11:9-11, 12:14
lest
2 Corinthians 11:12, Hebrews 13:5
Verse 24

Save only that which the young men have eaten, and the portion of the men which went with me, Aner, Eshcol, and Mamre; let them take their portion.
Save
Proverbs 3:27, Matthew 7:12, Romans 13:7,8
Aner
let
1 Corinthians 9:14,15, 1 Timothy 5:18

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