Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Genesis 25

Introduction

1  The sons of Abraham by Keturah.
5  The division of his goods.
7  His age, death, and burial.
11  God blesses Isaac.
12  The generations of Ishmael.
17  His age and death.
19  Isaac prays for Rebekah, being barren.
22  The children strive in her womb.
24  The birth of Esau and Jacob.
27  Their different characters and pursuits.
29  Esau sells his birthright.
Verse 1

Then again Abraham took a wife, and her name was Keturah.
A. M. cir. 2151. B.C. cir. 1853
23:1,2, 28:1, 1 Chronicles 1:32,33
Verse 2

And she bare him Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah.
A. M. cir. 2152. B.C. cir. 1852. she bare
1 Chronicles 1:32,33, Jeremiah 25:25
Zimri
Midian.
36:35, 37:28,36, Exodus 2:15,16, 18:1-4, Numbers 22:4, 25:17,18, 31:2,8, Judges 6:1-8
Shuah
Job 2:11
Verse 3

And Jokshan begat Sheba, and Dedan. And the sons of Dedan were Asshurim, and Letushim, and Leummim.
A. M. cir. 2180. B.C. cir. 1824. Sheba
1 Kings 10:1, Job 6:19, Psalms 72:10
Dedan
Jeremiah 25:23, 49:8, Ezekiel 25:13, 27:20
Asshurim
2 Samuel 2:9, Ezekiel 27:6
Verse 4

And the sons of Midian; Ephah, and Epher, and Hanoch, and Abida, and Eldaah. All these were the children of Keturah.
A. M. cir. 2200. B.C. cir. 1804. Ephah
Isaiah 60:6
Verse 5

And Abraham gave all that he had unto Isaac.
A. M. cir. 2175. B.C. cir. 1829
21:10-12, 24:36, Psalms 68:18, Matthew 11:27, 28:18, John 3:35, 17:2, Romans 8:17,32, 9:7-9, 1 Corinthians 3:21-23, Galatians 3:29, 4:28, Colossians 1:19, Hebrews 1:2; Isaac typified the Son of God, "whom HE hath appointed Heir of all things."
Verse 6

But unto the sons of the concubines, which Abraham had, Abraham gave gifts, and sent them away from Isaac his son, while he yet lived, eastward, unto the east country.
concubines
1, 16:3, 30:4,9, 32:22, 35:22, Judges 19:1,2,4
gifts
Psalms 17:14,15, Matthew 5:45, Luke 11:11-13, Acts 14:17
sent
21:14
east country
Arabia Deserta, which was eastward of Beer-sheba, where Abraham dwelt.
Judges 6:3, Job 1:1,3
Verse 7

And these are the days of the years of Abraham's life which he lived, an hundred threescore and fifteen years.
A. M. 2183. B.C. 1821
12:4
Verse 8

Then Abraham gave up the ghost, and died in a good old age, an old man, and full of years; and was gathered to his people.
gave
17, 35:18, 49:33, Acts 5:5,10, 12:23
good
15:15, 35:28,29, 47:8,9, 49:29, Judges 8:32, 1 Chronicles 29:28, Job 5:26, 42:17, Proverbs 20:29, Jeremiah 6:11
gathered
7, 35:29, 49:33, Numbers 20:24, 27:13, Judges 2:10, Acts 13:36
Verse 9

And his sons Isaac and Ishmael buried him in the cave of Machpelah, in the field of Ephron the son of Zohar the Hittite, which is before Mamre;
Isaac
21:9,10, 35:29
in the cave
23:9-20, 49:29,30, 50:13
Verse 10

The field which Abraham purchased of the sons of Heth: there was Abraham buried, and Sarah his wife.
The field
23:16
there
49:31
Verse 11

And it came to pass after the death of Abraham, that God blessed his son Isaac; and Isaac dwelt by the well Lahairoi.
after
12:2, 17:19, 22:17, 50:24
La-hai-roi
16:14, 24:62
Verse 12

Now these are the generations of Ishmael, Abraham's son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's handmaid, bare unto Abraham:
16:10-15, 17:20, 21:13, Psalms 83:6
Verse 13

And these are the names of the sons of Ishmael, by their names, according to their generations: the firstborn of Ishmael, Nebajoth; and Kedar, and Adbeel, and Mibsam,
the names
1 Chronicles 1:29-31
Nebajoth
From Nebajoth sprang the Nabatheans, who inhabited Arabia Petraea; from Kedar, the Cedreans, who dwelt near the Nabatheans; and from Jetur, the Itureans, who inhabited a small tract of country east of Jordan, which afterwards belonged to Manasseh.
36:3, Isaiah 60:7
Kedar
Psalms 120:5, Song of Solomon 1:5, Isaiah 21:16,17, 42:11
Verse 14

And Mishma, and Dumah, and Massa,
Dumah
Isaiah 21:11,16
Verse 15

Hadar, and Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah:
Hadar
or, Hadad. More than 300 MSS. and printed editions read Hadad, as in 1 Ch 1:30.
Tema
1 Chronicles 5:19, Job 2:11
Naphish
These are evidently the same people mentioned in 1 Ch 5:19, who, with the Itureans, assisted the Hagarenes against the Israelites, but were overcome by the two tribes of Reuben and Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.
Verse 16

These are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their towns, and by their castles; twelve princes according to their nations.
castles
The word tiroth, rendered "castles," is supposed by some to denote here "towers," fortified rocks, or mountain-tops, and fastnesses of various kinds in woods and hilly countries; but it rather means, "shepherds' cots," surrounded by sufficient enclosures to prevent the cattle from straying, as the cognate Syriac word teyaro, and Arabic tawar, signify "a sheep-fold."
twelve
17:20,23
Verse 17

And these are the years of the life of Ishmael, an hundred and thirty and seven years: and he gave up the ghost and died; and was gathered unto his people.
A. M. 2231. B.C. 1773. these are
7,8
gathered
15:15
Verse 18

And they dwelt from Havilah unto Shur, that is before Egypt, as thou goest toward Assyria: and he died in the presence of all his brethren.
Havilah
2:11, 10:7,29, 20:1, 21:14,21
as thou
13:10
toward
2 Kings 23:29, Isaiah 19:23,24
died
Heb. fell.
14:10, Psalms 78:64
in the
16:12
Verse 19

And these are the generations of Isaac, Abraham's son: Abraham begat Isaac:
A. M. 2108. B.C. 1896. Abraham
1 Chronicles 1:32, Matthew 1:2, Luke 3:34, Acts 7:8
Verse 20

And Isaac was forty years old when he took Rebekah to wife, the daughter of Bethuel the Syrian of Padanaram, the sister to Laban the Syrian.
A. M. 2148. B.C. 1856. when he
22:23, 24:67
the Syrian
24:29, 28:5,6, 31:18,20,24, 35:9, Deuteronomy 26:5, Luke 4:27
Verse 21

And Isaac intreated the LORD for his wife, because she was barren: and the LORD was intreated of him, and Rebekah his wife conceived.
A. M. 2167. B.C. 1837. intreated
1 Samuel 1:11,27, Psalms 50:15, 65:2, 91:15, Isaiah 45:11, 58:9, 65:24, Luke 1:13
because
11:30, 15:2,3, 16:2, 17:16-19, 1 Samuel 1:2, Luke 1:7
and the
1 Chronicles 5:20, 2 Chronicles 33:13, Ezra 8:23, Psalms 145:19, Proverbs 10:24
and Rebekah
Romans 9:10-12
Verse 22

And the children struggled together within her; and she said, If it be so, why am I thus? And she went to enquire of the LORD.
A. M. 2168. B.C. 1836. enquire
1 Samuel 9:9, 10:22, 22:15, 28:6, 30:8, Ezekiel 20:31, 36:37
Verse 23

And the LORD said unto her, Two nations are in thy womb, and two manner of people shall be separated from thy bowels; and the one people shall be stronger than the other people; and the elder shall serve the younger.
Two nations
17:16, 24:60
two manner
27, 32:6, 33:3, 36:31, Numbers 20:14
the elder
27:29,40, 2 Samuel 8:14, 1 Kings 22:47, 1 Chronicles 18:13, 2 Chronicles 25:11,12, Psalms 60:8,9, Psalms 83:5-15, Isaiah 34:1-17, 63:1-6, Jeremiah 49:7-22, Ezekiel 25:12-14, 35:1-15, Amos 1:11,12, Obadiah 1:1-16, Malachi 1:2-5, Romans 9:10-13
Verse 25

And the first came out red, all over like an hairy garment; and they called his name Esau.
Esau
The word Esau has been generally considered to imply made, formed, or perfected; or perfect, robust, etc. But it appears to be a dialectical variation of the Arabic atha, to be covered with hair; whence athai, hairy, as no doubt the word Esau imports, in allusion to the circumstance of his being covered with red hair or down at his birth.
27:11,16,23
Verse 26

And after that came his brother out, and his hand took hold on Esau's heel; and his name was called Jacob: and Isaac was threescore years old when she bare them.
And after
38:28-30
took
Hosea 12:3
Jacob
27:36
Isaac was
Verse 27

And the boys grew: and Esau was a cunning hunter, a man of the field; and Jacob was a plain man, dwelling in tents.
a cunning
10:9, 21:20, 27:3-5,40
a plain main
6:9, 28:10,11, 31:39-41, 46:34, Job 1:1,8, 2:3, Psalms 37:37
dwelling
Hebrews 11:9
Verse 28

And Isaac loved Esau, because he did eat of his venison: but Rebekah loved Jacob.
he did eat of his venison
Heb. venison was in his mouth.
27:4,19,25,31
Rebekah
27:6
Verse 29

And Jacob sod pottage: and Esau came from the field, and he was faint:
A. M. 2199. B.C. 1805. and he
Judges 8:4,5, 1 Samuel 14:28,31, Proverbs 13:25, Isaiah 40:30,31
Verse 30

And Esau said to Jacob, Feed me, I pray thee, with that same red pottage; for I am faint: therefore was his name called Edom.
with that same red pottage
Heb. with that red, with that red pottage. This, we are informed, (ver. 34,) was of lentiles, a sort of pulse.
Edom
i.e., red.
36:1,9,43, Exodus 15:15, Numbers 20:14-21, Deuteronomy 23:7, 2 Kings 8:20
Verse 32

And Esau said, Behold, I am at the point to die: and what profit shall this birthright do to me?
at the point to die
Heb. going to die. and what.
Job 21:15, 22:17, 34:9, Malachi 3:14
birthright
Exodus 22:9
Verse 33

And Jacob said, Swear to me this day; and he sware unto him: and he sold his birthright unto Jacob.
Swear
14:22, 24:3, Mark 6:23, Hebrews 6:16
and he sold
27:36, 36:6,7, Hebrews 12:16
Verse 34

Then Jacob gave Esau bread and pottage of lentiles; and he did eat and drink, and rose up, and went his way: thus Esau despised his birthright.
eat
Ecclesiastes 8:15, Isaiah 22:13, 1 Corinthians 15:32
thus Esau
Psalms 106:24, Zechariah 11:13, Matthew 22:5, 26:15, Luke 14:18-20, Acts 13:41, Philippians 3:18,19, Hebrews 12:16,17

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