Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

John 18

Introduction

1  Judas betrays Jesus.
6  The officers fall to the ground.
10  Peter smites off Malchus' ear.
12  Jesus is taken, and led unto Annas and Caiaphas.
15  Peter's denial.
19  Jesus examined before Caiaphas.
25  Peter's second and third denial.
28  Jesus arraigned before Pilate.
36  His kingdom.
40  The Jews prefer Barabbas.
Verse 1

When Jesus had spoken these words, he went forth with his disciples over the brook Cedron, where was a garden, into the which he entered, and his disciples.
spoken
13:31-35, 14:1-17
he
14:31, Matthew 26:36, Mark 14:32, Luke 22:39,40
the brook
2 Samuel 15:23, 1 Kings 15:13, 2 Kings 23:6,12, 2 Chronicles 15:16, 30:14, Jeremiah 31:40
Kidron
a garden.
26, Genesis 2:15, 3:23
Verses 1-11

When Jesus had spoken these words, he went forth with his disciples over the brook Cedron, where was a garden, into the which he entered, and his disciples.
spoken
13:31-35, 14:1-17
he
14:31, Matthew 26:36, Mark 14:32, Luke 22:39,40
the brook
2 Samuel 15:23, 1 Kings 15:13, 2 Kings 23:6,12, 2 Chronicles 15:16, 30:14, Jeremiah 31:40
Kidron
a garden.
26, Genesis 2:15, 3:23
Verse 2

And Judas also, which betrayed him, knew the place: for Jesus ofttimes resorted thither with his disciples.
for
Mark 11:11,12, Luke 21:37, 22:39
Verse 3

Judas then, having received a band of men and officers from the chief priests and Pharisees, cometh thither with lanterns and torches and weapons.
Judas
13:2,27-30, Matthew 26:47,55, Mark 14:43,44,48, Luke 22:47-53, Acts 1:16
a band
12; *Gr:; Psalms 3:1,2, 22:12
Verse 4

Jesus therefore, knowing all things that should come upon him, went forth, and said unto them, Whom seek ye?
knowing
10:17,18, 13:1, 19:28, Matthew 16:21, 17:22,23, 20:18,19, 26:2,21,31, Mark 10:33,34, Luke 18:31-33, 24:6,7,44, Acts 2:28, 4:24-28, 20:22-23
Whom
1 Kings 18:10,14-18, Nehemiah 6:11, Psalms 3:6, 27:3, Proverbs 28:1, 1 Peter 4:1
Verse 5

They answered him, Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus saith unto them, I am he. And Judas also, which betrayed him, stood with them.
Jesus
1:46, 19:19, Matthew 2:23, 21:11
stood
Isaiah 3:9, Jeremiah 8:12
Verse 6

As soon then as he had said unto them, I am he, they went backward, and fell to the ground.
they went
Doubtless by the interposition of Divine power; and it was thus shown that Jesus voluntarily resigned himself into their hands.
2 Kings 1:9-15, Psalms 27:2, 40:14, 70:2,3, 129:5, Luke 9:54-56, Acts 4:29,30
Verse 8

Jesus answered, I have told you that I am he: if therefore ye seek me, let these go their way:
if
Isaiah 53:6, Ephesians 5:25
let
10:28, 13:1,36, 16:32, Matthew 26:56, Mark 14:50-52, 1 Corinthians 10:13, 2 Corinthians 12:9, 1 Peter 5:7
Verse 9

That the saying might be fulfilled, which he spake, Of them which thou gavest me have I lost none.
Of
17:12
Verse 10

Then Simon Peter having a sword drew it, and smote the high priest's servant, and cut off his right ear. The servant's name was Malchus.
26, Matthew 26:51-54, Mark 14:30,47, Luke 22:33,49-51
Verse 11

Then said Jesus unto Peter, Put up thy sword into the sheath: the cup which my Father hath given me, shall I not drink it?
Put
36, 2 Corinthians 6:7, 10:4, Ephesians 6:11-17
the cup
Psalms 75:8, Ezekiel 23:31, Matthew 20:22, 26:39,42, Mark 10:38,39, 14:35,36, Luke 22:42, Hebrews 12:2
my
11:41,42, 12:27,28, 15:10, 17:24, 20:17, Luke 12:30, Romans 8:15-18, Hebrews 12:5-10
Verse 12

Then the band and the captain and officers of the Jews took Jesus, and bound him,
the band
3, Matthew 26:57, Mark 14:53, Luke 22:54
the captain
Acts 21:31,37, 22:24-28, 23:10,17-22
bound
Genesis 22:9, 40:3, Judges 16:21, Psalms 118:27, Matthew 27:2, Mark 15:1
Verses 12-24

Then the band and the captain and officers of the Jews took Jesus, and bound him,
the band
3, Matthew 26:57, Mark 14:53, Luke 22:54
the captain
Acts 21:31,37, 22:24-28, 23:10,17-22
bound
Genesis 22:9, 40:3, Judges 16:21, Psalms 118:27, Matthew 27:2, Mark 15:1
Verse 13

And led him away to Annas first; for he was father in law to Caiaphas, which was the high priest that same year.
led
Matthew 26:57
Annas
Luke 3:2, Acts 4:6
that
11:51, "And Annas sent Christ bound unto Caiaphas the high priest, ver. 24."
Verse 14

Now Caiaphas was he, which gave counsel to the Jews, that it was expedient that one man should die for the people.
Caiaphas
11:49-52
Verse 15

And Simon Peter followed Jesus, and so did another disciple: that disciple was known unto the high priest, and went in with Jesus into the palace of the high priest.
Simon
Matthew 26:58-68, Mark 14:54, Luke 22:54
Verse 17

Then saith the damsel that kept the door unto Peter, Art not thou also one of this man's disciples? He saith, I am not.
the damsel
16, Matthew 26:69,70, Mark 14:66-68, Luke 22:54,56,57
I am not
5,8, 21:15, Matthew 26:33
Verse 18

And the servants and officers stood there, who had made a fire of coals; for it was cold: and they warmed themselves: and Peter stood with them, and warmed himself.
who
25, Mark 14:54, Luke 22:55,56
for
Luke 22:44
Peter
Genesis 49:6, 1 Kings 19:9, Psalms 1:1, 26:4-10, Proverbs 13:20, Acts 4:23, 1 Corinthians 15:33, 2 Corinthians 6:15-17, Ephesians 5:11,12
Verse 19

The high priest then asked Jesus of his disciples, and of his doctrine.
asked
Luke 11:53,54, 20:20
Verse 20

Jesus answered him, I spake openly to the world; I ever taught in the synagogue, and in the temple, whither the Jews always resort; and in secret have I said nothing.
I spake
7:14,26,28, 8:2, 10:23-39, Psalms 22:22, 40:9, Matthew 4:23, 9:35, 21:23-27, Matthew 26:65, Luke 4:15, 19:45-47, 20:1-8, 21:37
and in
7:4, Isaiah 45:19, 48:16, Matthew 24:26, Acts 26:26
Verse 21

Why askest thou me? ask them which heard me, what I have said unto them: behold, they know what I said.
ask
Matthew 26:59,60, Mark 14:55-59, Luke 22:67, Acts 24:12,13,18-20
Verse 22

And when he had thus spoken, one of the officers which stood by struck Jesus with the palm of his hand, saying, Answerest thou the high priest so?
struck
Job 16:10, 30:10-12, Isaiah 50:5-7, Jeremiah 20:2, Micah 5:1, Matthew 26:67,68, Mark 14:65, Luke 22:63,64, Acts 23:2,3
the palm of his hand
or, a rod. Answerest.
Acts 23:4,5
Verse 23

Jesus answered him, If I have spoken evil, bear witness of the evil: but if well, why smitest thou me?
If
2 Corinthians 10:1, 1 Peter 2:20-23
Verse 24

Now Annas had sent him bound unto Caiaphas the high priest.
Annas
Annas was dismissed from being high priest, A.D. 23, after filling that office for fifteen years; but, being a person of distinguished character, and having had no fewer than five sons who had successively enjoyed the dignity of the high-priesthood, and the present high priest Caiaphas being his son-in-law, he must have possessed much authority in the nation. It was at the palace of Caiaphas where the chief priests, elders, and scribes were assembled the whole of the night to see the issue of their stratagem.
13, Matthew 26:57
bound
Verse 25

And Simon Peter stood and warmed himself. They said therefore unto him, Art not thou also one of his disciples? He denied it, and said, I am not.
stood
18, Mark 14:37,38,67, Luke 22:56
They
Matthew 26:69,71, Mark 14:68-70, Luke 22:58
He
Genesis 18:15, Proverbs 29:25, Galatians 2:11-13
Verses 25-27

And Simon Peter stood and warmed himself. They said therefore unto him, Art not thou also one of his disciples? He denied it, and said, I am not.
stood
18, Mark 14:37,38,67, Luke 22:56
They
Matthew 26:69,71, Mark 14:68-70, Luke 22:58
He
Genesis 18:15, Proverbs 29:25, Galatians 2:11-13
Verse 26

One of the servants of the high priest, being his kinsman whose ear Peter cut off, saith, Did not I see thee in the garden with him?
being
Did
Proverbs 12:19, Matthew 26:73, Mark 14:70,71, Luke 22:59,60
Verse 27

Peter then denied again: and immediately the cock crew.
and
13:38, Matthew 26:34,74,75, Mark 14:30,68,71,72, Luke 22:34,60-62
Verse 28

Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgment hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover.
led
Matthew 27:1,2-10, Mark 15:1-5, Luke 23:1-5, Acts 3:13
unto
33, 19:9, Matthew 27:27, Mark 15:16; *Gr:
hall of judgment
or, Pilate's house. early.
Proverbs 1:16, 4:16, Micah 2:1, Luke 22:66
and they
Psalms 35:16, Isaiah 1:10-15, Jeremiah 7:8-11, Amos 5:21-23, Micah 3:10-12, Matthew 23:23-28, 27:6, Acts 10:28, 11:3
eat
39, 19:14, Deuteronomy 16:2, 2 Chronicles 30:21-24, 35:8-14,17,18, Ezekiel 45:21
Verses 28-37

Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgment hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover.
led
Matthew 27:1,2-10, Mark 15:1-5, Luke 23:1-5, Acts 3:13
unto
33, 19:9, Matthew 27:27, Mark 15:16; *Gr:
hall of judgment
or, Pilate's house. early.
Proverbs 1:16, 4:16, Micah 2:1, Luke 22:66
and they
Psalms 35:16, Isaiah 1:10-15, Jeremiah 7:8-11, Amos 5:21-23, Micah 3:10-12, Matthew 23:23-28, 27:6, Acts 10:28, 11:3
eat
39, 19:14, Deuteronomy 16:2, 2 Chronicles 30:21-24, 35:8-14,17,18, Ezekiel 45:21
Verse 29

Pilate then went out unto them, and said, What accusation bring ye against this man?
What
Matthew 27:23, Acts 23:28-30, 25:16
Verse 30

They answered and said unto him, If he were not a malefactor, we would not have delivered him up unto thee.
If
19:12, Mark 15:3, Luke 20:19-26, 23:2-5
delivered
Mark 10:33, Luke 24:7, Acts 3:13
Verse 31

Then said Pilate unto them, Take ye him, and judge him according to your law. The Jews therefore said unto him, It is not lawful for us to put any man to death:
Take
19:6,7, Acts 25:18-20
It
19:15, Genesis 49:10, Ezekiel 21:26,27, Hosea 3:4,5
Verse 32

That the saying of Jesus might be fulfilled, which he spake, signifying what death he should die.
the saying
3:14, 10:31,33, 12:32,33, Matthew 20:19, 26:2, Luke 18:32,33, 24:7,8, Acts 7:59
what
Deuteronomy 21:23, Psalms 22:16, Galatians 3:13
Verse 33

Then Pilate entered into the judgment hall again, and called Jesus, and said unto him, Art thou the King of the Jews?
and said
37, Matthew 27:11, Mark 15:2, Luke 23:3,4, 1 Timothy 6:13
the king
1:49, 12:13,15, 19:3,19-22, Psalms 2:6-12, Isaiah 9:6,7, Jeremiah 23:5, Zephaniah 3:15, Zechariah 9:9, Luke 19:38-40, Acts 2:34-36
Verse 34

Jesus answered him, Sayest thou this thing of thyself, or did others tell it thee of me?
Sayest
Verse 35

Pilate answered, Am I a Jew? Thine own nation and the chief priests have delivered thee unto me: what hast thou done?
Am I
Ezra 4:12, Nehemiah 4:2, Acts 18:14-16, 23:29, 25:19,20, Romans 3:1,2
Thine
28, 19:11, Acts 3:13
what
19:6, Acts 21:38, 22:22-24
Verse 36

Jesus answered, My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but now is my kingdom not from hence.
Jesus
1 Timothy 6:13
My kingdom is
6:15, 8:15, Psalms 45:3-7, Isaiah 9:6,7, Daniel 2:44, 7:14, Zechariah 9:9, Luke 12:14, Luke 17:20,21, Romans 14:17, Colossians 1:12-14
then
Verse 37

Pilate therefore said unto him, Art thou a king then? Jesus answered, Thou sayest that I am a king. To this end was I born, and for this cause came I into the world, that I should bear witness unto the truth. Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice.
Thou
Matthew 26:64, 27:11, Mark 14:62, 15:2, Luke 23:3, 1 Timothy 6:13
that I should
8:14, 14:6, Isaiah 55:4, Revelation 1:4, 3:14
Every
7:17, 8:47, 10:26,27, 1 Peter 1:22, 1 John 3:14,19, 4:6, 5:20
Verse 38

Pilate saith unto him, What is truth? And when he had said this, he went out again unto the Jews, and saith unto them, I find in him no fault at all.
What
Acts 17:19,20,32, 24:25,26
I find
19:4,6,21,22, Matthew 27:18,19,24, Mark 15:14, Luke 23:4,14-16, 1 Peter 1:19, 1 Peter 2:22,23
Verses 38-40

Pilate saith unto him, What is truth? And when he had said this, he went out again unto the Jews, and saith unto them, I find in him no fault at all.
What
Acts 17:19,20,32, 24:25,26
I find
19:4,6,21,22, Matthew 27:18,19,24, Mark 15:14, Luke 23:4,14-16, 1 Peter 1:19, 1 Peter 2:22,23
Verse 39

But ye have a custom, that I should release unto you one at the passover: will ye therefore that I release unto you the King of the Jews?
ye have
Matthew 27:15-18, Mark 15:6,8, Luke 23:17,20
I release
Verse 40

Then cried they all again, saying, Not this man, but Barabbas. Now Barabbas was a robber.
Matthew 27:16,26, Mark 15:7,15, Luke 23:18,19,25, Acts 3:13,14

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