Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

John 20

Introduction

1  Mary comes to the sepulchre;
3  so do Peter and John, ignorant of the resurrection.
11  Jesus appears to Mary Magdalene,
19  and to his disciples.
24  The incredulity and confession of Thomas.
30  The Scripture is sufficient to salvation.
Verse 1

The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was yet dark, unto the sepulchre, and seeth the stone taken away from the sepulchre.
first
19,26, Acts 20:7, 1 Corinthians 16:2, Revelation 1:10
cometh
Mary Magdalene, as well as Peter, was evidently at the sepulchre twice on that morning of the resurrection. The first time of her going was some short time before her companions, the other Mary and Salome (Mt 28:1); and observing that the stone had been removed, she returned to inform Peter and John. In the meantime, the other Mary and Salome came to the sepulchre, and saw the angel, as recorded by Matthew and Mark. While these women returned to the city, Peter and John went to the sepulchre, passing them at some distance, or going another way, followed by Mary Magdalene, who stayed after their return. This was her second journey; when she saw two angels, and then Jesus himself, as here related; and immediately after Jesus appeared to the other women, as they returned to the city. (Mt 28:9, 10.) In the meantime Joanna and her company arrived at the sepulchre, when two angels appeared to them, and addressed them as the one angel had done the other women, (Lu 24:1-10.) They immediately returned to the city, and by some means found the apostles before the others arrived, and informed them of what they had seen; upon which Peter went a second time to the sepulchre, but saw only the linen clothes lying. (Lu 24:12.)
Matthew 28:1-10, Mark 16:1,2,9, Luke 24:1-10
the stone
Matthew 27:60,64-66, 28:2, Mark 15:46, 16:3,4
Verses 1-18

The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was yet dark, unto the sepulchre, and seeth the stone taken away from the sepulchre.
first
19,26, Acts 20:7, 1 Corinthians 16:2, Revelation 1:10
cometh
Mary Magdalene, as well as Peter, was evidently at the sepulchre twice on that morning of the resurrection. The first time of her going was some short time before her companions, the other Mary and Salome (Mt 28:1); and observing that the stone had been removed, she returned to inform Peter and John. In the meantime, the other Mary and Salome came to the sepulchre, and saw the angel, as recorded by Matthew and Mark. While these women returned to the city, Peter and John went to the sepulchre, passing them at some distance, or going another way, followed by Mary Magdalene, who stayed after their return. This was her second journey; when she saw two angels, and then Jesus himself, as here related; and immediately after Jesus appeared to the other women, as they returned to the city. (Mt 28:9, 10.) In the meantime Joanna and her company arrived at the sepulchre, when two angels appeared to them, and addressed them as the one angel had done the other women, (Lu 24:1-10.) They immediately returned to the city, and by some means found the apostles before the others arrived, and informed them of what they had seen; upon which Peter went a second time to the sepulchre, but saw only the linen clothes lying. (Lu 24:12.)
Matthew 28:1-10, Mark 16:1,2,9, Luke 24:1-10
the stone
Matthew 27:60,64-66, 28:2, Mark 15:46, 16:3,4
Verse 2

Then she runneth, and cometh to Simon Peter, and to the other disciple, whom Jesus loved, and saith unto them, They have taken away the Lord out of the sepulchre, and we know not where they have laid him.
to the
13:23, 19:26, 21:7,20,24
They have taken
9,13,15, Matthew 27:63,64
Verse 3

Peter therefore went forth, and that other disciple, and came to the sepulchre.
Luke 24:12
Verse 4

So they ran both together: and the other disciple did outrun Peter, and came first to the sepulchre.
outrun
2 Samuel 18:23, Leviticus 13:30, 1 Corinthians 9:24, 2 Corinthians 8:12
Verse 5

And he stooping down, and looking in, saw the linen clothes lying; yet went he not in.
saw
11:44, 19:40
Verse 6

Then cometh Simon Peter following him, and went into the sepulchre, and seeth the linen clothes lie,
6:67-69, 18:17,25-27, 21:7,15-17, Matthew 16:15,16, Luke 22:31,32
Verse 7

And the napkin, that was about his head, not lying with the linen clothes, but wrapped together in a place by itself.
11:44
Verse 8

Then went in also that other disciple, which came first to the sepulchre, and he saw, and believed.
and he
25,29, 1:50
Verse 9

For as yet they knew not the scripture, that he must rise again from the dead.
they
Matthew 16:21,22, Mark 8:31-33, 9:9,10,31,32, Luke 9:45, 18:33,34, 24:26, Luke 24:44-46
that
Psalms 16:10, 22:15,22-31, Isaiah 25:8, 26:19, 53:10-12, Hosea 13:14, Acts 2:25-32, 13:29-37, 1 Corinthians 15:4
Verse 10

Then the disciples went away again unto their own home.
went
7:53, 16:32
Verse 12

And seeth two angels in white sitting, the one at the head, and the other at the feet, where the body of Jesus had lain.
seeth
Matthew 28:3-5, Mark 16:5,6, Luke 24:3-7,22,23
in
2 Chronicles 5:12, Daniel 7:9, Matthew 17:2, Acts 1:10, Revelation 3:4, 7:14
Verse 13

And they say unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? She saith unto them, Because they have taken away my Lord, and I know not where they have laid him.
Woman
2:4, 19:26
why
15, 14:27,28, 16:6,7,20-22, 1 Samuel 1:8, Psalms 43:3-5, Ecclesiastes 3:4, Jeremiah 31:16, Luke 24:17, Acts 21:13
Because
Verse 14

And when she had thus said, she turned herself back, and saw Jesus standing, and knew not that it was Jesus.
and saw
Song of Solomon 3:3,4, Matthew 28:9, Mark 16:9
and knew
8:59, 21:4, Mark 16:12, Luke 4:30, 24:16,31
Verse 15

Jesus saith unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? whom seekest thou? She, supposing him to be the gardener, saith unto him, Sir, if thou have borne him hence, tell me where thou hast laid him, and I will take him away.
whom
1:38, 18:4,7, Song of Solomon 3:2, 6:1, Matthew 28:5, Mark 16:6, Luke 24:5
if
1 Samuel 1:16, Matthew 12:34
Verse 16

Jesus saith unto her, Mary. She turned herself, and saith unto him, Rabboni; which is to say, Master.
Mary
10:3, Genesis 22:1,11, Exodus 3:4, 33:17, 1 Samuel 3:6,10, Isaiah 43:1, Luke 10:41, Acts 9:4, 10:3
She
Genesis 45:12, Song of Solomon 2:8-17, 3:4, 5:2, Matthew 14:27
Rabboni
28, 1:38,49, 3:2, 6:25, 11:28, 13:13, Matthew 23:8-10
Verse 17

Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended to my Father: but go to my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your God.
Touch
Or rather, "embrace me not," or, "cling not to me," [me mou
27, 2 Kings 4:29, 7:9, Matthew 28:7,9, Luke 10:4
my brethren
Psalms 22:22, Matthew 12:50, 25:40, 28:10, Romans 8:29, Hebrews 2:11-13
I ascend
13:1,3, 14:2,6,28, 16:28, 17:5,11,25, Psalms 68:18, 89:26, Luke 24:49-51, Ephesians 1:17-23, 4:8-10, 1 Peter 1:3
your Father
1:12,13, Romans 8:14-17, 2 Corinthians 6:18, Galatians 3:26, 4:6,7, 1 John 3:2, Revelation 21:7
your God
Genesis 17:7,8, Psalms 43:4, 48:14, Isaiah 41:10, Jeremiah 31:33, 32:38, Ezekiel 36:28, Ezekiel 37:27, Zechariah 13:7-9, Hebrews 8:10, 11:16, Revelation 21:3
Verse 18

Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and that he had spoken these things unto her.
came
Matthew 28:10, Mark 16:10-13, Luke 24:10
Verse 19

Then the same day at evening, being the first day of the week, when the doors were shut where the disciples were assembled for fear of the Jews, came Jesus and stood in the midst, and saith unto them, Peace be unto you.
the same
Mark 16:14, Luke 24:36-49, 1 Corinthians 15:5
when
26, Nehemiah 6:10,11
came
14:19-23, 16:22, Matthew 18:20
Peace
21, 14:27, 16:33, Psalms 85:8-10, Isaiah 57:18,19, Matthew 10:13, Luke 24:36, Romans 15:33, Ephesians 2:14, 6:23, Philippians 1:2, 2 Thessalonians 3:16, Hebrews 7:2, Revelation 1:4
Verses 19-23

Then the same day at evening, being the first day of the week, when the doors were shut where the disciples were assembled for fear of the Jews, came Jesus and stood in the midst, and saith unto them, Peace be unto you.
the same
Mark 16:14, Luke 24:36-49, 1 Corinthians 15:5
when
26, Nehemiah 6:10,11
came
14:19-23, 16:22, Matthew 18:20
Peace
21, 14:27, 16:33, Psalms 85:8-10, Isaiah 57:18,19, Matthew 10:13, Luke 24:36, Romans 15:33, Ephesians 2:14, 6:23, Philippians 1:2, 2 Thessalonians 3:16, Hebrews 7:2, Revelation 1:4
Verse 20

And when he had so said, he shewed unto them his hands and his side. Then were the disciples glad, when they saw the Lord.
he shewed
27, Luke 24:39,40, 1 John 1:1
Then
16:22, Isaiah 25:8,9, Matthew 28:8, Luke 24:41
Verse 21

Then said Jesus to them again, Peace be unto you: as my Father hath sent me, even so send I you.
Peace
14:27
as
13:20, 17:18,19, 21:15-17, Isaiah 63:1-3, Matthew 10:16,40, 28:18-20, Mark 16:15-18, Luke 24:47-49, Acts 1:8, 2 Timothy 2:2, Hebrews 3:1
Verse 22

And when he had said this, he breathed on them, and saith unto them, Receive ye the Holy Ghost:
he breathed
Genesis 2:7, Job 33:4, Psalms 33:6, Ezekiel 37:9
Receive
14:16, 15:26, 16:7, Acts 2:4,38, 4:8, 8:15, 10:47, 19:2, Galatians 3:2
Verse 23

Whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them; and whose soever sins ye retain, they are retained.
Matthew 16:19, 18:18, Mark 2:5-10, Acts 2:38, 10:43, 13:38,39, 1 Corinthians 5:4, 2 Corinthians 2:6-10, Ephesians 2:20, 1 Timothy 1:20
Verse 24

But Thomas, one of the twelve, called Didymus, was not with them when Jesus came.
Thomas
11:16, 14:5, 21:2, Matthew 10:3
was
6:66,67, Matthew 18:20, Hebrews 10:25
Verse 25

The other disciples therefore said unto him, We have seen the Lord. But he said unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe.
We
14-20, 1:41, 21:7, Mark 16:11, Luke 24:34-40, Acts 5:30-32, 10:40,41, 1 Corinthians 15:5-8
Except
20, 6:30, Job 9:16, Psalms 78:11-22,32, 95:8-10, 106:21-24, Matthew 16:1-4, Matthew 27:42, Luke 24:25,39-41, Hebrews 3:12,18,19, 4:1,2, 10:38,39
Verse 26

And after eight days again his disciples were within, and Thomas with them: then came Jesus, the doors being shut, and stood in the midst, and said, Peace be unto you.
eight
19, Matthew 17:1, Luke 9:28
Thomas
Peace
19, Isaiah 26:12, 27:5, 54:10
Verse 27

Then saith he to Thomas, Reach hither thy finger, and behold my hands; and reach hither thy hand, and thrust it into my side: and be not faithless, but believing.
Reach hither thy finger
25, Psalms 78:38, 103:13,14, Romans 5:20, 1 Timothy 1:14-16, 1 John 1:1,2
reach hither thy hand
1 John 1:1
and be
Matthew 17:17, Mark 9:19, Luke 9:41, 1 Timothy 1:14
Verse 28

And Thomas answered and said unto him, My Lord and my God.
My Lord
The disbelief of the apostle is the means of furnishing us with a full and satisfactory demonstration of the resurrection of our Lord. Throughout the divine dispensations every doctrine and ever important truth is gradually revealed; and here we have a conspicuous instance of the progressive system. An angel first declares the glorious event; the empty sepulchre confirms the women's report. Christ's appearance to Mary Magdalene shewed that he was alive; that to the disciples at Emmaus proved that it was at the least the spirit of Christ; that to the eleven shewed the reality of his body; and the conviction given to Thomas proved it the self-same body that had been crucified. Incredulity itself is satisfied; and the convinced apostle exclaims, in the joy of his heart, "My Lord and my God!"
16,31, 5:23, 9:35-38, Psalms 45:6,11, 102:24-28, 118:24-28, Isaiah 7:14, 9:6, Isaiah 25:9, 40:9-11, Jeremiah 23:5,6, Malachi 3:1, Matthew 14:33, Luke 24:52, Acts 7:59,60, 1 Timothy 3:16, Revelation 5:9-14
Verse 29

Jesus saith unto him, Thomas, because thou hast seen me, thou hast believed: blessed are they that have not seen, and yet have believed.
blessed
8, 4:48, Luke 1:45, 2 Corinthians 5:7, Hebrews 11:1,27,39, 1 Peter 1:8
Verse 30

And many other signs truly did Jesus in the presence of his disciples, which are not written in this book:
21:25, Luke 1:3,4, Romans 15:4, 1 Corinthians 10:11, 2 Timothy 3:15-17, 2 Peter 3:1,2, 1 John 1:3,4, 5:13
Verse 31

But these are written, that ye might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; and that believing ye might have life through his name.
these
28, 1:49, 6:69,70, 9:35-38, Psalms 2:7,12, Matthew 16:16, 27:54, Luke 1:4, Acts 8:37, 9:20, Romans 1:3,4, 1 John 4:15, 5:1,10,20, 2 John 1:9, Revelation 2:18
believing
3:15,16,18,36, 5:24,39,40, 6:40, 10:10, Mark 16:16, 1 Peter 1:9, 1 John 2:23-25, 5:10-13
through
Luke 24:47, Acts 3:16, 10:43, 13:38,39

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