Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Luke 13

Introduction

1  Christ preaches repentance upon the punishment of the Galilaeans and others.
6  The fruitless fig-tree may not stand.
10  He heals the crooked woman;
18  shows the powerful working of the word in the hearts of his chosen, by the parable of the grain of mustard seed, and of leaven;
22  exhorts to enter in at the strait gate;
31  and reproves Herod and Jerusalem.
Verse 1

There were present at that season some that told him of the Galilaeans, whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices.
the Galilaeans
The Galilaeans are frequently mentioned by Josephus as the most turbulent and seditious people, being upon all occasions ready to disturb the Roman authority. It is uncertain to what event our Lord refers; but is probable that they were the followers of Judas Gaulonitis, who opposed paying tribute to Caesar and submitting to the Roman government. A party of them coming to Jerusalem during one of the great festivals, and presenting their oblations in the court of the temple, Pilate treacherously sent a company of soldiers, who slew them, and "mingled their blood with their sacrifices."
Acts 5:37
mingled
Lamentations 2:20, Ezekiel 9:5-7, 1 Peter 4:17,18
Verse 2

And Jesus answering said unto them, Suppose ye that these Galilaeans were sinners above all the Galilaeans, because they suffered such things?
Suppose
4, Job 22:5-16, John 9:2, Acts 28:4
Verse 3

I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.
except
5, 24:47, Matthew 3:2,10-12, Acts 2:38-40, 3:19, Revelation 2:21,22
ye shall
19:42-44, 21:22-24, 23:28-30, Matthew 12:45, 22:7, 23:35-38, 24:21-29
Verse 4

Or those eighteen, upon whom the tower in Siloam fell, and slew them, think ye that they were sinners above all men that dwelt in Jerusalem?
in Siloam
Nehemiah 3:15, John 9:7,11
fell
1 Kings 20:30, Job 1:19
sinners
or, debtors.
7:41,42, 11:4, Matthew 6:12, 18:24
Verse 5

I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.
except
3, Isaiah 28:10-13, Ezekiel 18:30
Verse 6

He spake also this parable; A certain man had a fig tree planted in his vineyard; and he came and sought fruit thereon, and found none.
fig-tree
Psalms 80:8-13, Isaiah 5:1-4, Jeremiah 2:21, Matthew 21:19,20, Mark 11:12-14
and he came
20:10-14, Matthew 21:34-40, John 15:16, Galatians 5:22, Philippians 4:17
Verse 7

Then said he unto the dresser of his vineyard, Behold, these three years I come seeking fruit on this fig tree, and find none: cut it down; why cumbereth it the ground?
three
Leviticus 19:23, 25:21, Romans 2:4,5
cut
3:9, Exodus 32:10, Daniel 4:14, Matthew 3:10, 7:19, John 15:2,6
why
Exodus 32:10, Matthew 3:9
Verse 8

And he answering said unto him, Lord, let it alone this year also, till I shall dig about it, and dung it:
Lord, let
Exodus 32:11-13,30-32, 34:9, Numbers 14:11-20, Joshua 7:7-9, Psalms 106:23, Jeremiah 14:7-9,13-18, 15:1, 18:20, Joel 2:17, Romans 10:1, 11:14, 2 Peter 3:9
Verse 9

And if it bear fruit, well: and if not, then after that thou shalt cut it down.
if not
Ezra 9:14,15, Psalms 69:22-28, Daniel 9:5-8, John 15:2, 1 Thessalonians 2:15, Hebrews 6:8, Revelation 15:3,4, 16:5-7
Verse 10

And he was teaching in one of the synagogues on the sabbath.
4:15,16,44
Verse 11

And, behold, there was a woman which had a spirit of infirmity eighteen years, and was bowed together, and could in no wise lift up herself.
a spirit
16, 8:2, Job 2:7, Psalms 6:2, Matthew 9:32,33
eighteen
8:27,43, Mark 9:21, John 5:5,6, 9:19-21, Acts 3:2, 4:22, 14:8-10
bowed
Psalms 38:6, 42:5; *marg:; Psalms 145:14, 146:8
Verse 12

And when Jesus saw her, he called her to him, and said unto her, Woman, thou art loosed from thine infirmity.
Woman
6:8-10, Psalms 107:20, Isaiah 65:1, Matthew 8:16
loosed
16, Joel 3:10
Verse 13

And he laid his hands on her: and immediately she was made straight, and glorified God.
he laid
4:40, Mark 6:5, 8:25, 16:18, Acts 9:17
and immediately
17:14-17, 18:43, Psalms 103:1-5, 107:20-22, 116:16,17
Verse 14

And the ruler of the synagogue answered with indignation, because that Jesus had healed on the sabbath day, and said unto the people, There are six days in which men ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the sabbath day.
the ruler
8:41, Acts 13:15, 18:8,17
with
6:11, John 5:15,16, Romans 10:2
There
Exodus 20:9, 23:12, Leviticus 23:3, Ezekiel 20:12
and not
6:7, 14:3-6, Matthew 12:10-12, Mark 3:2-6, John 9:14-16
Verse 15

The Lord then answered him, and said, Thou hypocrite, doth not each one of you on the sabbath loose his ox or his ass from the stall, and lead him away to watering?
Thou hypocrite
6:42, 12:1, Job 34:30, Proverbs 11:9, Isaiah 29:20, Matthew 7:5, 15:7,14, 23:13,28, Acts 8:20-23, 13:9,10
doth not
14:5, John 7:21-24
Verse 16

And ought not this woman, being a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan hath bound, lo, these eighteen years, be loosed from this bond on the sabbath day?
being
3:8, 16:24, 19:9, Acts 13:26, Romans 4:12-16
whom
11, John 8:44, 2 Timothy 2:26
be loosed
12, Mark 2:27
Verse 17

And when he had said these things, all his adversaries were ashamed: and all the people rejoiced for all the glorious things that were done by him.
all his
14:6, 20:40, Psalms 40:14, 109:29, 132:18, Isaiah 45:24, 2 Timothy 3:9, 1 Peter 3:16
and all
19:37-40,48, Exodus 15:11, Psalms 111:3, Isaiah 4:2, John 12:17,18, Acts 3:9-11, Acts 4:21
Verse 18

Then said he, Unto what is the kingdom of God like? and whereunto shall I resemble it?
Unto
20, 7:31, Lamentations 2:13, Matthew 13:31
the kingdom
17:21, Mark 4:26,30-34
Verse 18-19

Then said he, Unto what is the kingdom of God like? and whereunto shall I resemble it?
Unto
20, 7:31, Lamentations 2:13, Matthew 13:31
the kingdom
17:21, Mark 4:26,30-34
Verse 19

It is like a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and cast into his garden; and it grew, and waxed a great tree; and the fowls of the air lodged in the branches of it.
like
Matthew 13:31,32, 17:20, Mark 4:31,32
cast
Song of Solomon 4:12,16, 5:1, 6:2, 8:13, Isaiah 58:11, 61:11, Jeremiah 31:12
and it
Psalms 72:16,17, Isaiah 2:2,3, 9:7, 49:20-25, 51:2,3, 53:1,10-12, 54:1-3, Isaiah 60:15-22, Ezekiel 17:22-24, 47:1-12, Daniel 2:34,35,44,45, Micah 4:1,2, Zechariah 2:11, 8:20-23, 14:7-9, Acts 2:41, 4:4, 15:14-18, 21:20; *Gr:; Romans 15:19, Revelation 11:15
and the
Ezekiel 31:6, Daniel 4:12,21
Verse 21

It is like leaven, which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal, till the whole was leavened.
like
Matthew 13:33; *marg:
till
Job 17:9, Psalms 92:13,14, Proverbs 4:18, Hosea 6:3, John 4:14, 15:2, 1 Corinthians 5:6, Philippians 1:6,9-11, 1 Thessalonians 5:23,24, James 1:21
Verse 22

And he went through the cities and villages, teaching, and journeying toward Jerusalem.
through
4:43,44, Matthew 9:35, Mark 6:6, Acts 10:38
journeying
9:51, Mark 10:32-34
Verse 23

Then said one unto him, Lord, are there few that be saved? And he said unto them,
are
Matthew 7:14, 19:25, 20:16, 22:14
And
12:13-15, 21:7,8, Matthew 24:3-5, Mark 13:4,5, John 21:21,22, Acts 1:7,8
Verse 24

Strive to enter in at the strait gate: for many, I say unto you, will seek to enter in, and shall not be able.
Strive
21:36, Genesis 32:25,26, Matthew 11:12, John 6:27, 1 Corinthians 9:24-27, Philippians 2:12,13, Colossians 1:29, Hebrews 4:11, 2 Peter 1:10
the strait
Matthew 7:13,14
for
Proverbs 1:24-28, 14:6, 21:25, Ecclesiastes 10:15, Isaiah 1:15, 58:2-4, Ezekiel 33:31, Mark 6:18-20, John 7:34, 8:21, 13:33, Romans 9:31-33, 10:3
Verse 25

When once the master of the house is risen up, and hath shut to the door, and ye begin to stand without, and to knock at the door, saying, Lord, Lord, open unto us; and he shall answer and say unto you, I know you not whence ye are:
once
Psalms 32:6, Isaiah 55:6, 2 Corinthians 6:2, Hebrews 3:7,8, 12:17
shut
Genesis 7:16, Matthew 25:10
Lord
6:46, Matthew 7:21,22, 25:11,12
I know
27, Matthew 7:23, 25:41
Verse 26

Then shall ye begin to say, We have eaten and drunk in thy presence, and thou hast taught in our streets.
We
Isaiah 58:2, 2 Timothy 3:5, Titus 1:16
Verse 27

But he shall say, I tell you, I know you not whence ye are; depart from me, all ye workers of iniquity.
I tell
25, Psalms 1:6, Matthew 7:22,23, 25:12,41, 1 Corinthians 8:3, Galatians 4:9, 2 Timothy 2:19
depart
Psalms 5:6, 6:8, 28:3, 101:8, 119:115, 125:5, Hosea 9:12, Matthew 25:41
Verse 28

There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when ye shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and you yourselves thrust out.
weeping
Psalms 112:10, Matthew 8:12, 13:42,50, 22:13, 24:51, 25:30
when
16:23, Matthew 8:11
the kingdom
14:15, 23:42,43, 2 Thessalonians 1:5, 2 Peter 1:11
you
10:15, Revelation 21:8, 22:15
Verse 29

And they shall come from the east, and from the west, and from the north, and from the south, and shall sit down in the kingdom of God.
Genesis 28:14, Isaiah 43:6, 49:6, 54:2,3, 66:18-20, Malachi 1:11, Mark 13:27, Acts 28:28, Ephesians 3:6-8, Colossians 1:6,23, Revelation 7:9,10
Verse 30

And, behold, there are last which shall be first, and there are first which shall be last.
Matthew 3:9,10, 8:11,12, 19:30, 20:16, 21:28-31, Mark 10:31
Verse 31

The same day there came certain of the Pharisees, saying unto him, Get thee out, and depart hence: for Herod will kill thee.
Get
Nehemiah 6:9-11, Psalms 11:1,2, Amos 7:12,13
Verse 32

And he said unto them, Go ye, and tell that fox, Behold, I cast out devils, and I do cures to day and to morrow, and the third day I shall be perfected.
that fox
This was probably Herod Antipas, tetrarch of Galilee, who is described by Josephus as a crafty and incestuous prince, with which the character given him by our Lord, and the narratives of the evangelists, exactly coincide.
3:19,20, 9:7-9, 23:8-11, Ezekiel 13:4, Micah 3:1-3, Zephaniah 3:3, Mark 6:26-28
I cast
9:7, Mark 6:14, John 10:32, 11:8-10
I shall
John 17:4,5, 19:30; *Gr:; Hebrews 2:10, 5:9
Verse 33

Nevertheless I must walk to day, and to morrow, and the day following: for it cannot be that a prophet perish out of Jerusalem.
I must
John 4:34, 9:4, 11:54, 12:35, Acts 10:38
for
9:53, Matthew 20:18, Acts 13:27
Verse 34

O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, which killest the prophets, and stonest them that are sent unto thee; how often would I have gathered thy children together, as a hen doth gather her brood under her wings, and ye would not!
Jerusalem
19:41,42, Matthew 23:37-39
killest
2 Chronicles 24:21,22, 36:15,16, Nehemiah 9:26, Jeremiah 2:30, 26:23, Lamentations 4:13, Matthew 21:35,36, 22:6, Acts 7:52,59, 8:1, Revelation 11:8
how
Deuteronomy 5:29, 32:29, Psalms 81:10,13, Isaiah 48:17-19, 50:2
thy
19:44, 23:28, Psalms 149:2, Lamentations 1:16, Joel 2:23, Galatians 4:25,26
as
Deuteronomy 32:11,12, Ruth 2:12, Psalms 17:8, 36:7, 57:1, 91:4
and ye
15:28, Nehemiah 9:30, Psalms 81:11, Proverbs 1:24-30, Isaiah 30:15, Jeremiah 6:16, 7:23,24, Jeremiah 35:14, 44:4-6, Hosea 11:2,7, Zechariah 1:4, Matthew 22:3, Acts 3:14,15
Verse 35

Behold, your house is left unto you desolate: and verily I say unto you, Ye shall not see me, until the time come when ye shall say, Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.
your
21:5,6,24, Leviticus 26:31,32, Psalms 69:25, Isaiah 1:7,8, 5:5,6, 64:10,11, Daniel 9:26,27, Micah 3:12, Zechariah 11:1,2, 14:2, Acts 6:13,14
Ye shall not
Hosea 3:4,5, John 7:34-36, 8:22-24, 12:35,36, 14:19-23
Blessed
19:38-40, Psalms 118:26, Isaiah 40:9-11, 52:7, Zechariah 12:10, Matthew 21:9, Mark 11:9, Mark 11:10, John 12:13, Romans 10:9-15, 2 Corinthians 3:15-18

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