Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Psalms 109

Introduction

1  David, complaining of his slanderous enemies, under the person of Judas devotes them.
16  He shews their sin.
21  Complaining of his own misery, he prays for help.
29  He promises thankfulness.
Verse 1

Hold not thy peace, O God of my praise;
A. M. 2942. B.C. 1062. (Title.) It is generally supposed that this Psalm was composed by David, when persecuted by Saul, who was rendered more implacable by the base and malicious calumnies of Doeg and others; though some are of opinion, that it was written when David fled from Absalom, and that Ahithophel, rather than Doeg, is the typical person against whom it is principally directed
Hold
28:1, 35:22,23, 83:1, Isaiah 42:14
O God
118:28, Exodus 15:2, Deuteronomy 10:21, Jeremiah 17:14
Verse 2

For the mouth of the wicked and the mouth of the deceitful are opened against me: they have spoken against me with a lying tongue.
the mouth
31:13,18, 64:3,4, 140:3, 2 Samuel 15:3-8, 17:1, Proverbs 15:28, Matthew 26:59-62
of the deceitful
Heb. of deceit. are opened. Heb. have opened themselves. with.
120:3, Proverbs 6:17, 12:19, Jeremiah 9:3,5, Acts 6:13
Verse 3

They compassed me about also with words of hatred; and fought against me without a cause.
compassed
17:11, 22:12, 88:17, 2 Samuel 16:7,8, Hosea 11:12
fought
35:7,20, 59:3,4, 69:4, 1 Samuel 19:4,5, 26:18, 2 Samuel 15:12, John 15:24,25
Verse 4

For my love they are my adversaries: but I give myself unto prayer.
For my
35:7,12, 38:20, 2 Samuel 13:39, John 10:32, 2 Corinthians 12:15
but I
55:16,17, 69:12,13, 2 Samuel 15:31,32, Daniel 6:10, Luke 6:11,12, 23:34
Verse 5

And they have rewarded me evil for good, and hatred for my love.
they
35:7-12, Genesis 44:4, Proverbs 17:13
hatred
55:12-15, 2 Samuel 15:12,31, Mark 14:44,45, Luke 6:16, 22:47,48, John 13:18
Verse 6

Set thou a wicked man over him: and let Satan stand at his right hand.
Set thou
Dr. Sykes, Michaelis, and others, contend that these imprecations are those of David's enemies against himself; and they would render, "Set, say they, a wicked," etc: but this is rendered highly improbable by the 8th verse being applied by St. Peter to the traitor Judas, of whom David was certainly not a type. (See ver. 20.) Bp. Horsley and others, however, render the verbs in the future tense, the first verb alone being in the imperative; justly considering the Psalmist as merely uttering prophetic denunciations of God's displeasure against sinners.
Matthew 27:4
and let
Zechariah 3:1, John 13:2,27
Satan
or, an adversary.
Matthew 5:25
Verse 7

When he shall be judged, let him be condemned: and let his prayer become sin.
be condemned
Heb. go out guilty, or wicked.
Romans 3:19, Galatians 3:10
and let
2 Samuel 15:7,8, Proverbs 15:8, 21:27, 28:9, Isaiah 1:15, 66:3, Matthew 23:14
Verse 8

Let his days be few; and let another take his office.
his days
55:23, Matthew 27:5
another
Acts 1:16-26
office
or, charge.
Verse 9

Let his children be fatherless, and his wife a widow.
Exodus 22:24, Jeremiah 18:21, Lamentations 5:3
Verse 10

Let his children be continually vagabonds, and beg: let them seek their bread also out of their desolate places.
37:25, Genesis 4:12-14, 2 Samuel 3:29, 2 Kings 5:27, Job 24:8-12, 30:3-9, Isaiah 16:2
Verse 11

Let the extortioner catch all that he hath; and let the strangers spoil his labour.
extortioner
Job 5:5, 18:9-19, 20:18
strangers
Deuteronomy 28:29,33,34,50,51, Judges 6:3-6
Verse 12

Let there be none to extend mercy unto him: neither let there be any to favour his fatherless children.
none
Isaiah 27:11, Luke 6:38, James 2:13
favour
137:8,9, Isaiah 13:18, Matthew 27:25, Luke 11:50,51
Verse 13

Let his posterity be cut off; and in the generation following let their name be blotted out.
Let his
37:28, 1 Samuel 2:31-33, 3:13, 2 Kings 10:10,11, Job 18:19, Isaiah 14:20-22, Jeremiah 22:30
their name
Deuteronomy 9:14, 25:19, 29:20, Proverbs 10:7
Verse 14

Let the iniquity of his fathers be remembered with the LORD; and let not the sin of his mother be blotted out.
Let the
Exodus 20:5, Leviticus 26:39, 2 Samuel 3:29, 21:1,8,9, Matthew 23:31-36
let not
2 Kings 8:27, 9:27, 10:13,14, 11:1, 2 Chronicles 22:3,4
blotted
Nehemiah 4:5, Isaiah 43:25, Jeremiah 18:23
Verse 15

Let them be before the LORD continually, that he may cut off the memory of them from the earth.
before
51:9, 90:8, Deuteronomy 32:34, Jeremiah 2:22, Hosea 7:2, Amos 8:7
cut off
13, 34:16, Job 18:17, Isaiah 65:15
Verse 16

Because that he remembered not to shew mercy, but persecuted the poor and needy man, that he might even slay the broken in heart.
he remembered
2 Samuel 17:1,2, Matthew 5:7, 18:33-35, James 2:13
persecuted
10:2,14, Genesis 42:21, Job 19:2,3,21,22, Matthew 27:35-46
slay
34:18, 69:20-29, 2 Samuel 16:11,12, Mark 14:34-36
Verse 17

As he loved cursing, so let it come unto him: as he delighted not in blessing, so let it be far from him.
52:4,5, 59:12,13, Proverbs 14:14, Ezekiel 35:6, Matthew 7:2, 2 Thessalonians 2:10,11, Revelation 16:6
Verse 18

As he clothed himself with cursing like as with his garment, so let it come into his bowels like water, and like oil into his bones.
As he
73:6, Job 29:14, Colossians 3:8,12, 1 Peter 5:5
so let
Numbers 5:22,27, Job 20:12-16,20-23, Matthew 26:24, 27:3-5, Acts 1:18,25
into his bowels
Heb. within him.
Verse 19

Let it be unto him as the garment which covereth him, and for a girdle wherewith he is girded continually.
as the garment
18,29, 35:26, 132:18
Verse 20

Let this be the reward of mine adversaries from the LORD, and of them that speak evil against my soul.
Let this
2:5,6,12, 21:8-12, 40:14,15, 110:1,5,6, 2 Samuel 17:23, 18:32, 1 Kings 2:44, Luke 19:27, 1 Thessalonians 2:15,16
them
Matthew 11:19, 12:24, 26:66,67, Mark 9:39, 1 Corinthians 12:3
Verse 21

But do thou for me, O GOD the Lord, for thy name's sake: because thy mercy is good, deliver thou me.
But do
25:11, 31:3, 69:29, 79:9,10, 143:11,12, John 17:1, Philippians 2:8-11
thy mercy
36:7-9, 63:3, 86:5,15
Verse 22

For I am poor and needy, and my heart is wounded within me.
For I
22:6, 40:17, 86:1, 102:17-20, Matthew 8:20, 2 Corinthians 8:9
and my
16, 88:15,16, 102:4, 2 Kings 4:27, Job 6:4, Isaiah 53:3, Luke 22:44, John 12:27
Verse 23

I am gone like the shadow when it declineth: I am tossed up and down as the locust.
gone
102:11, 144:4, 1 Chronicles 29:15, Job 14:2, Ecclesiastes 6:12, 8:13, James 4:14
I am tossed
102:10, Exodus 10:13,19
Verse 24

My knees are weak through fasting; and my flesh faileth of fatness.
knees
22:14, 35:13,14, 69:10, Matthew 4:2, 2 Corinthians 11:27, Hebrews 12:12
my flesh
32:3,4, 38:5-8, 102:4,5, Job 19:20
Verse 25

I became also a reproach unto them: when they looked upon me they shaked their heads.
a reproach
31:11-13, 35:15,16, 69:9-12,19,20, Romans 15:3, Hebrews 12:2, 13:13
when they
22:6,7, Job 16:4, Isaiah 37:22, Matthew 27:39,40
Verse 26

Help me, O LORD my God: O save me according to thy mercy:
Help
40:12, 119:86, Hebrews 5:7
save me
57:1, 69:13,16
Verse 27

That they may know that this is thy hand; that thou, LORD, hast done it.
17:13,14, 64:8,9, 126:2, Exodus 8:19, Numbers 16:28-30, 1 Samuel 17:46,47, 1 Kings 18:36,37, Job 37:7, Acts 2:32-36, 4:16
Verse 28

Let them curse, but bless thou: when they arise, let them be ashamed; but let thy servant rejoice.
Let them
17, Numbers 22:12, 23:20,23, 2 Samuel 16:10-13
but let
Isaiah 65:13-16, John 16:22, Hebrews 12:2
Verse 29

Let mine adversaries be clothed with shame, and let them cover themselves with their own confusion, as with a mantle.
be clothed
17-19, 6:10, 35:26, 132:18, 140:9, Jeremiah 20:11, Daniel 12:2, Micah 7:10
Verse 30

I will greatly praise the LORD with my mouth; yea, I will praise him among the multitude.
greatly
7:17, 9:1, 22:22,25, 71:22,23, 108:1-3
I will praise
22:22-25, 35:18, 107:32, 111:1, 116:12-18, 138:1,4, Hebrews 2:12
Verse 31

For he shall stand at the right hand of the poor, to save him from those that condemn his soul.
For he
16:8, 73:23, 110:5, 121:5
poor
16, 68:5, 72:4,12,13, 140:12
to save
10:14, Exodus 22:22-24, Proverbs 22:22,23, Ecclesiastes 5:8, Isaiah 54:17, Acts 4:10-12, 5:30,31
those that condemn
Heb. the judges of.

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