Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Psalms 80

Introduction

1  The psalmist in his prayer complains of the miseries of the church.
8  God's former favours are turned into judgments.
14  He prays for deliverance.
Verse 1

Give ear, O Shepherd of Israel, thou that leadest Joseph like a flock; thou that dwellest between the cherubims, shine forth.
A. M. cir. 3463. B.C. cir. 541. (Title.) Shoshannim-Eduth
45:1, 60:1, 69:1; *titles
A Psalm
This Psalm is generally supposed to have been written during the Babylonian captivity; but some think it refers to the desolations made by Sennacherib.
of Asaph
or, for Asaph.
Give ear
5:1, 55:1
O Shepherd
23:1,2, Isaiah 40:11, Ezekiel 34:23, John 10:14, Hebrews 13:20, 1 Peter 2:25, 5:4
leadest
77:20, 78:52, Isaiah 49:9,10, 63:11, John 10:3,4
dwellest
99:1, Exodus 25:20-22, 1 Samuel 4:4, 2 Samuel 6:2, 2 Kings 19:15, Ezekiel 1:13, 10:4
shine
3,7,19, 50:2, 94:1, Deuteronomy 33:2, Job 10:3, Isaiah 60:1, Ezekiel 43:2, Daniel 9:17, Revelation 21:23
Verse 2

Before Ephraim and Benjamin and Manasseh stir up thy strength, and come and save us.
Before
These three tribes, in the wilderness, marched immediately after the ark and cherubim, by Divine appointment, to which this appears to be an allusion.
Numbers 2:18-24, 10:22-24
stir up
35:23, 44:23-26, 78:38, Isaiah 42:13,14
come and save us
Heb. come for salvation to us.
Isaiah 25:9, 33:22
Verse 3

Turn us again, O God, and cause thy face to shine; and we shall be saved.
Turn us
7,19, 85:4, 1 Kings 18:37, Jeremiah 31:18,19, Lamentations 5:21
cause
1, 4:6, 67:1, 119:135, Numbers 6:25,26
Verse 4

O LORD God of hosts, how long wilt thou be angry against the prayer of thy people?
how long
85:5, Isaiah 58:2,3,6-9, Lamentations 3:44, Matthew 15:22-28, Luke 18:1-8
be angry
Heb. smoke.
74:1, Deuteronomy 29:20
Verse 5

Thou feedest them with the bread of tears; and givest them tears to drink in great measure.
42:3, 102:9, Job 6:7, Isaiah 30:20, Ezekiel 4:16,17
Verse 6

Thou makest us a strife unto our neighbours: and our enemies laugh among themselves.
Thou
Jeremiah 15:10
our enemies
44:13,14, 79:4, Judges 16:25, Isaiah 36:8,12-20, 37:23, Jeremiah 48:27, Ezekiel 36:4, Revelation 11:10
Verse 7

Turn us again, O God of hosts, and cause thy face to shine; and we shall be saved.
Turn
3,19, 51:10, Luke 1:16
we shall
Isaiah 30:15, 64:5, Jeremiah 4:14, Mark 4:12, 2 Timothy 2:25,26
Verse 8

Thou hast brought a vine out of Egypt: thou hast cast out the heathen, and planted it.
a vine
Isaiah 5:1-7, 27:2,3, Jeremiah 2:21, Ezekiel 15:6, 17:6, 19:10, Matthew 21:33-41, John 15:1-8
thou hast cast
44:2, 78:55, Jeremiah 18:9,10; This most elegant allegory, which is every where well supported, is frequently employed by sacred writers: see the Parallel Passages.
Verse 9

Thou preparedst room before it, and didst cause it to take deep root, and it filled the land.
preparedst
105:44, Exodus 23:28-30, Joshua 23:13-15, 24:12, Nehemiah 9:22-25
to take
Isaiah 27:6, 37:31, Jeremiah 12:2
and it
1 Kings 4:20,25, 1 Chronicles 21:5, 27:23,24
Verse 10

The hills were covered with the shadow of it, and the boughs thereof were like the goodly cedars.
goodly cedars
Heb. cedars of God.
104:16
Verse 11

She sent out her boughs unto the sea, and her branches unto the river.
72:8, Genesis 15:18, Exodus 23:31, 1 Kings 4:21,24, 1 Chronicles 18:3
Verse 12

Why hast thou then broken down her hedges, so that all they which pass by the way do pluck her?
broken
89:40,41, Isaiah 5:5, 18:5,6, Nahum 2:2, Luke 20:16
Verse 13

The boar out of the wood doth waste it, and the wild beast of the field doth devour it.
The boar
This wild boar, chazir, is the parent stock of our domestic hog. He is much smaller, but stronger, and more undaunted, colour, an iron grey inclining to black; snout, longer than that of the common breed: ears comparatively short; tusks, very formidable; and habits, fierce and savage. He is particularly destructive to corn-fields and vineyards.
2 Kings 18:1-19, 24:1-25, 2 Chronicles 32:1-33, 36:1-23, Jeremiah 4:7, 39:1-3, Jeremiah 51:34, 52:7,12-14
Verse 14

Return, we beseech thee, O God of hosts: look down from heaven, and behold, and visit this vine;
Return
7:7, 90:13, Isaiah 63:15,17, Joel 2:14, Malachi 3:7, Acts 15:16
look down
33:13, Isaiah 63:15, Lamentations 3:50, Daniel 9:16-19
Verse 15

And the vineyard which thy right hand hath planted, and the branch that thou madest strong for thyself.
vineyard
8, Isaiah 5:1,2, Jeremiah 2:21, Mark 12:1, John 15:1
the branch
Or, "the Son," ben, or as 18 MSS., LXX., Vulgate, Syriac, Arabic, and Ethiopic read, ben adam, "Son of man;" which the Targumist renders makla mesheecha, "the King Messiah."
89:21, Isaiah 11:1, 49:5, Jeremiah 23:5,6, Ezekiel 17:22-24, Zechariah 3:8, 6:12
Verse 16

It is burned with fire, it is cut down: they perish at the rebuke of thy countenance.
burned
79:5, Isaiah 27:11, Ezekiel 20:47,48, John 15:6
perish
39:11, 76:6,7, 90:7, 2 Thessalonians 1:9
Verse 17

Let thy hand be upon the man of thy right hand, upon the son of man whom thou madest strong for thyself.
15, 89:21, 110:1, Isaiah 53:5, Daniel 7:13,14, John 5:21-29
Verse 18

So will not we go back from thee: quicken us, and we will call upon thy name.
So will
79:13, John 6:66-69, Hebrews 10:38,39
quicken
85:6, 119:25,37,40,107,154,156, Song of Solomon 1:4, Philippians 2:12,13, Ephesians 2:1-5
Verse 19

Turn us again, O LORD God of hosts, cause thy face to shine; and we shall be saved.
Turn us
3,7, Jeremiah 3:22,23
cause
1, 27:4,9, 31:16, 44:3

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