Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Exodus 19

Introduction

1  The people arrive at Sinai.
3  God's message by Moses unto the people out of the mount.
8  The people's answer returned again.
9  The people are prepared against the third day, for the giving of the law.
12  The mountain must not be touched.
16  The fearful presence of God upon the mount.
Verse 1

In the third month, when the children of Israel were gone forth out of the land of Egypt, the same day came they into the wilderness of Sinai.
A. M. 2513. B.C. 1491. An. Ex. Is. 1. Sivan. the third
12:2,6, Leviticus 23:16-18
came
16:1, Numbers 33:15
Verse 2

For they were departed from Rephidim, and were come to the desert of Sinai, and had pitched in the wilderness; and there Israel camped before the mount.
Rephidim
17:1,8
the desert
Mount Sinai, called by the Arabs Jibbel Mousa, the Mountain of Moses, and sometimes by way of eminence, El Tor, the Mount, is a range of mountains in the peninsula formed by the gulfs of the Red Sea. It consists of several peaks, the principal of which are Horeb and Sinai; the former, still called Oreb, being on the west, and the latter, called Tur Sina, on the east, at the foot of which is the convent of St. Catherine. Dr. Shaw conceives that the wilderness of Sinai, properly so called, is that part which is to the eastward of this mount; so that the removal of the Israelites from Rephidim, which was on the West, to the desert of Sinai, was only removing from one part of the mountain to another.
camped
3:1,12, 18:5, Acts 7:30,38, Galatians 4:24
Verse 3

And Moses went up unto God, and the LORD called unto him out of the mountain, saying, Thus shalt thou say to the house of Jacob, and tell the children of Israel;
went up
20:21, 24:15-18, 34:2, Deuteronomy 5:5-31, Acts 7:38
called
3:4
Verse 4

Ye have seen what I did unto the Egyptians, and how I bare you on eagles' wings, and brought you unto myself.
seen
7:1-14, Deuteronomy 4:9,33-36, 29:2, Isaiah 63:9
I bare you
Deuteronomy 32:11,12, Isaiah 40:31, 63:9, Revelation 12:14
Verse 5

Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people: for all the earth is mine:
if ye
23:22, 24:7, Deuteronomy 11:27, 28:1, Joshua 24:24, 1 Samuel 15:22, Isaiah 1:19, Jeremiah 7:23, 11:4-7, Hebrews 11:8
keep
Deuteronomy 5:2, Psalms 25:10, 103:17,18, Isaiah 56:4, Jeremiah 31:31-33
a peculiar
Deuteronomy 4:20, 7:6, 14:2,21, 26:18, 32:8,9, 1 Kings 8:53, Psalms 135:4, Song of Solomon 8:12, Isaiah 41:8, 43:1, Jeremiah 10:16, Malachi 3:17, Titus 2:14
all the earth
9:29, Deuteronomy 10:14, Job 41:11, Psalms 24:1, 50:11, Daniel 4:34,35, 1 Corinthians 10:26,28
Verse 6

And ye shall be unto me a kingdom of priests, and an holy nation. These are the words which thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel.
a kingdom
Deuteronomy 33:2-4, Isaiah 61:6, Romans 12:1, 1 Peter 2:5,9, Revelation 1:6, 5:10, 20:6
and an
Leviticus 11:44,45, 19:2, 20:24,26, 21:7,8,23, Deuteronomy 7:6, 26:19, 28:9, Isaiah 62:12, 1 Corinthians 3:17, 1 Thessalonians 5:27, 1 Peter 1:15,16
Verse 7

And Moses came and called for the elders of the people, and laid before their faces all these words which the LORD commanded him.
the elders
3:16
and laid
4:29,30, 1 Corinthians 15:1
Verse 8

And all the people answered together, and said, All that the LORD hath spoken we will do. And Moses returned the words of the people unto the LORD.
20:19, 24:3,7, Deuteronomy 5:27-29, 26:17-19, Joshua 24:24, Nehemiah 10:29
Verse 9

And the LORD said unto Moses, Lo, I come unto thee in a thick cloud, that the people may hear when I speak with thee, and believe thee for ever. And Moses told the words of the people unto the LORD.
Lo
16, 20:21, 24:15,16, Deuteronomy 4:11, 1 Kings 8:12, 2 Chronicles 6:1, Psalms 18:11,12, Psalms 97:2, Isaiah 19:1, Matthew 17:5, Mark 9:7, Luke 9:34,35, Revelation 1:7
that the
Deuteronomy 4:12,36, John 12:29,30
believe
14:31, 2 Chronicles 20:20, Isaiah 7:9, Luke 10:16
Verse 10

And the LORD said unto Moses, Go unto the people, and sanctify them to day and to morrow, and let them wash their clothes,
sanctify
15, Leviticus 11:44,45, Joshua 3:5, 7:13, 1 Samuel 16:5, 2 Chronicles 29:5,34, 30:17-19, Job 1:5, 1 Corinthians 6:11
wash
14, Genesis 35:2, Leviticus 11:25, 15:5, Numbers 8:7,21, 31:24, Zechariah 3:3,4, Hebrews 10:22, Revelation 7:14
Verse 11

And be ready against the third day: for the third day the LORD will come down in the sight of all the people upon mount Sinai.
the Lord
16,18,20, 3:8, 34:5, Numbers 11:17, Deuteronomy 33:2, Psalms 18:9, 144:5, Isaiah 64:1,2, Habakkuk 3:3-6, John 3:13, 6:38
Verse 12

And thou shalt set bounds unto the people round about, saying, Take heed to yourselves, that ye go not up into the mount, or touch the border of it: whosoever toucheth the mount shall be surely put to death:
set bounds
21,23, Joshua 3:4
Take
10:28, 34:12, Deuteronomy 2:4, 4:9
or touch
Hebrews 12:20,21
Verse 13

There shall not an hand touch it, but he shall surely be stoned, or shot through; whether it be beast or man, it shall not live: when the trumpet soundeth long, they shall come up to the mount.
whether
21:28,29, Leviticus 20:15,16
when the trumpet
or, cornet.
16,19, 1 Corinthians 15:52, 1 Thessalonians 4:16
Verse 14

And Moses went down from the mount unto the people, and sanctified the people; and they washed their clothes.
and sanctified
Verse 15

And he said unto the people, Be ready against the third day: come not at your wives.
Be ready
Amos 4:12, Malachi 3:2, Matthew 3:10-12, 24:44, 2 Peter 3:11,12
the third
11,16
come not
1 Samuel 21:4,5, Joel 2:16, Zechariah 6:3, 7:3, 12:12-14, 1 Corinthians 7:5
Verse 16

And it came to pass on the third day in the morning, that there were thunders and lightnings, and a thick cloud upon the mount, and the voice of the trumpet exceeding loud; so that all the people that was in the camp trembled.
thunders
9:23,28,29, 20:18, 1 Samuel 12:17,18, Job 37:1-5, 38:25, Psalms 18:11-14, Psalms 29:3-11, 50:3, 77:18, 97:4, Hebrews 12:18,19, Revelation 4:5, 8:5, 11:19
thick
9, 40:34, 2 Chronicles 5:14
voice
Revelation 1:10, 4:1
all the people
Jeremiah 5:22, Hebrews 12:21
Verse 17

And Moses brought forth the people out of the camp to meet with God; and they stood at the nether part of the mount.
Deuteronomy 4:10, 5:5
Verse 18

And mount Sinai was altogether on a smoke, because the LORD descended upon it in fire: and the smoke thereof ascended as the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mount quaked greatly.
mount Sinai
20:18, Deuteronomy 4:11,12, 5:22, 33:2, Judges 5:5, Psalms 68:7,8, 104:32, 144:5
See on ver
13, Isaiah 6:4, Revelation 15:8
in fire
3:2, 24:17, 2 Chronicles 7:1-3, 2 Thessalonians 1:8, 2 Peter 3:10
as the smoke
Genesis 15:17, 19:28, Psalms 144:5, Revelation 15:8
whole
1 Kings 19:11,12, Psalms 68:8, 77:18, 114:7, Jeremiah 4:24, Nahum 1:5,6, Zechariah 14:5, Matthew 24:7, Hebrews 12:26
Verse 19

And when the voice of the trumpet sounded long, and waxed louder and louder, Moses spake, and God answered him by a voice.
And when
13,16
Moses
Hebrews 12:21
God
Psalms 81:7
Verse 20

And the LORD came down upon mount Sinai, on the top of the mount: and the LORD called Moses up to the top of the mount; and Moses went up.
the Lord came
11, Nehemiah 9:13, Psalms 81:7
Moses went up
3, 24:12,13,18, 34:2,4, Deuteronomy 9:9
Verse 21

And the LORD said unto Moses, Go down, charge the people, lest they break through unto the LORD to gaze, and many of them perish.
charge
Heb. contest.
12,13
break
3:3,5, 33:20, 1 Samuel 6:19, Ecclesiastes 5:1, Hebrews 12:28,29
Verse 22

And let the priests also, which come near to the LORD, sanctify themselves, lest the LORD break forth upon them.
the priests
24:5, Leviticus 10:1-3, Isaiah 52:11
sanctify
5,14,15
break
2 Samuel 6:6-8, 1 Chronicles 13:9-11, 15:13, 2 Chronicles 30:3,15,18,19, Acts 5:5,10, 1 Corinthians 11:30-32
Verse 23

And Moses said unto the LORD, The people cannot come up to mount Sinai: for thou chargedst us, saying, Set bounds about the mount, and sanctify it.
Set bounds
12, Joshua 3:4,5
Verse 24

And the LORD said unto him, Away, get thee down, and thou shalt come up, thou, and Aaron with thee: but let not the priests and the people break through to come up unto the LORD, lest he break forth upon them.
and thou
but let
12,21, Matthew 11:12, Luke 13:24, 16:16, John 1:17, Hebrews 4:16, 10:19-22, Hebrews 12:18-25,29
lest
22, Romans 4:15, 2 Corinthians 3:7-9, Galatians 3:10,11,19,22
Verse 25

So Moses went down unto the people, and spake unto them.

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