Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Isaiah 37

Introduction

1  Hezekiah mourning, sends to Isaiah to pray for them.
6  Isaiah comforts them.
8  Sennacherib, going to encounter Tirhakah, sends a blasphemous letter to Hezekiah.
14  Hezekiah's prayer.
21  Isaiah's prophecy of the pride and destruction of Sennacherib, and the good of Zion.
36  An angel slays the Assyrians.
37  Sennacherib is slain at Nineveh by his own sons.
Verse 1

And it came to pass, when king Hezekiah heard it, that he rent his clothes, and covered himself with sackcloth, and went into the house of the LORD.
it came
2 Kings 19:1-19
he rent
36:22, 2 Kings 22:11, Jeremiah 36:24, Jonah 3:5,6, Matthew 11:21
and went
Ezra 9:5, Job 1:20,21
Verse 2

And he sent Eliakim, who was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and the elders of the priests covered with sackcloth, unto Isaiah the prophet the son of Amoz.
14, 36:3, 2 Kings 18:18, 19:2, 22:12-14, 2 Chronicles 20:20, Joel 1:13
Verse 3

And they said unto him, Thus saith Hezekiah, This day is a day of trouble, and of rebuke, and of blasphemy: for the children are come to the birth, and there is not strength to bring forth.
his day
25:8, 33:2, 2 Kings 19:3, 2 Chronicles 15:4, Psalms 50:15, 91:15, 116:3,4, Jeremiah 30:7, Hosea 5:15, 6:1, Revelation 3:19
blasphemy
or, provocation.
Psalms 95:8
for the
26:17,18, 66:9, Hosea 13:13
Verse 4

It may be the LORD thy God will hear the words of Rabshakeh, whom the king of Assyria his master hath sent to reproach the living God, and will reprove the words which the LORD thy God hath heard: wherefore lift up thy prayer for the remnant that is left.
It may
Joshua 14:12, 1 Samuel 14:6, 2 Samuel 16:12, Amos 5:15
to reproach
23,24, 36:20, 51:7,8, 1 Samuel 17:26,36, 2 Kings 19:4,22,23, 2 Chronicles 32:15-19
and will
23, Psalms 50:21
lift up
1 Samuel 7:8, 12:19,23, 2 Chronicles 32:20, Psalms 106:23, Joel 2:17, James 5:16
for the
1:9, 8:7,8, 10:5,6,22, 2 Kings 17:18, 18:9-16, 2 Chronicles 28:19, Romans 9:27
left
Heb. found.
Verse 6

And Isaiah said unto them, Thus shall ye say unto your master, Thus saith the LORD, Be not afraid of the words that thou hast heard, wherewith the servants of the king of Assyria have blasphemed me.
Thus shall
2 Kings 19:5-7, 22:15-20
Be not
7:4, 10:24,25, 35:4, 41:10-14, 43:1,2, 51:12,13, Exodus 14:13, Leviticus 26:8, Joshua 11:6, 2 Chronicles 20:15-20, Mark 4:40, 5:36
Verse 7

Behold, I will send a blast upon him, and he shall hear a rumour, and return to his own land; and I will cause him to fall by the sword in his own land.
I will
10:16-18,33,34, 17:13,14, 29:5-8, 30:28-33, 31:8,9, 33:10-12, 2 Kings 7:6, Job 4:9, 15:21, Psalms 58:9
send a blast upon him
or, put a spirit into him. I will cause.
36-38, 2 Chronicles 32:21
Verse 8

So Rabshakeh returned, and found the king of Assyria warring against Libnah: for he had heard that he was departed from Lachish.
Rabshakeh
2 Kings 19:8,9, Numbers 33:20,21
Libnah
Joshua 10:29,31-34, 21:13, 2 Kings 8:22, 2 Chronicles 21:10
Lachish
Joshua 12:11, 15:39
Verse 9

And he heard say concerning Tirhakah king of Ethiopia, He is come forth to make war with thee. And when he heard it, he sent messengers to Hezekiah, saying,
he heard
1 Samuel 23:27,28
Ethiopia
Cush, which is generally rendered Ethiopia, is applied in Scripture to at least three distinct and different countries. 1. The country watered by the Gihon or Araxes, (Ge 2:13,) also called Cuth, 2 Ki 17:30. 2. A country of Arabia Petræa, bordering upon Egypt, which extended from the northern extremity of the Red sea along its eastern shore. (Comp. Ex 3:1, with Nu 12:1. Hab 3:7.) 3. Ethiopia Proper, an extensive country of Africa, comprehending Nubia and Abyssinia; being bounded on the north by Egypt, on the east by the Red Sea and Indian Ocean, and on the south and west by various nations of Africa, and extending from about 6 degrees to 24 degrees N. lat. and 25 degrees to 45 degrees E. long. It is probable that it was this latter Cush, or Ethiopia, of which Tirhakah was king; he being in league with his kinsman Sevechus, son of So, or Sabacon, king of Egypt, against Sennacherib, the king of Assyria.
Verse 10

Thus shall ye speak to Hezekiah king of Judah, saying, Let not thy God, in whom thou trustest, deceive thee, saying, Jerusalem shall not be given into the hand of the king of Assyria.
Let not
36:4,15,20, 2 Kings 18:5, 19:10-13, 2 Chronicles 32:7,8,15-19, Psalms 22:8, Matthew 27:43
Verse 11

Behold, thou hast heard what the kings of Assyria have done to all lands by destroying them utterly; and shalt thou be delivered?
18,19, 10:7-14, 14:17, 36:18-20, 2 Kings 17:4-6, 18:33-35
Verse 12

Have the gods of the nations delivered them which my fathers have destroyed, as Gozan, and Haran, and Rezeph, and the children of Eden which were in Telassar?
the gods
36:20, 46:5-7
Gozan
2 Kings 17:6, 18:11, 19:12
Haran
Haran, the Carrhæ of the Greeks and Romans, is situated in the north-west part of Mesopotamia, between the Euphrates and the river Chebar; about 110 miles west of Nisibis, 90 east of Bir, 100 south of Diarbekir, and 170 north of Palmyra.
Genesis 11:31, 12:14, 28:10, 29:4, Acts 7:2
Eden
It is probable that this Eden is the country near Diarbekir, on the Tigris, called Mâdon, according to Asseman.
Genesis 2:8, Ezekiel 27:23, 28:13, Amos 1:5
Telassar
Telassar is probably the same as Ellasar, Ge 14:1, as the Jerusalem Targum reads; for both of which the Syriac has Dolassar; and perhaps, as Doederlein supposes, the same as Sharra, a city of Mesopotamia, half a mile from the Euphrates.
2 Kings 19:12
Thelasar
Verse 13

Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arphad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivah?
Hamath
10:9, 36:19, Jeremiah 49:23
Hena
Hena is probably the same as Anah, a city of Mesopotamia, situated on an island in the Euphrates.
Ivah
2 Kings 17:24,30,31
Ava, Avites
2 Kings 18:34, 19:13
Verse 14

And Hezekiah received the letter from the hand of the messengers, and read it: and Hezekiah went up unto the house of the LORD, and spread it before the LORD.
received
2 Kings 19:14
and Hezekiah went
1, 1 Kings 8:28-30,38, 9:3, 2 Chronicles 6:20-42, Psalms 27:5, 62:1-3, 74:10, 76:1-3, Psalms 123:1-4, 143:6, Joel 2:17-20
Verse 15

And Hezekiah prayed unto the LORD, saying,
1 Samuel 7:8,9, 2 Samuel 7:18-29, 2 Kings 19:15-19, 2 Chronicles 14:11, 20:6-12, Daniel 9:3,4, Philippians 4:6,7, James 5:13
Verse 16

O LORD of hosts, God of Israel, that dwellest between the cherubims, thou art the God, even thou alone, of all the kingdoms of the earth: thou hast made heaven and earth.
Lord
6:3, 8:13, 2 Samuel 7:26, Psalms 46:7,11
dwellest
Exodus 25:22, 1 Samuel 4:4, Psalms 80:1, 99:1, Hebrews 4:16
thou art
20, 43:10,11, 44:6, 45:22, 54:5, 1 Kings 18:32, 2 Kings 5:15, Psalms 86:10, Revelation 11:15-17
thou hast
40:28, 44:24, Genesis 1:1, Psalms 146:6, Jeremiah 10:10-12, John 1:3, Colossians 1:16
Verse 17

Incline thine ear, O LORD, and hear; open thine eyes, O LORD, and see: and hear all the words of Sennacherib, which hath sent to reproach the living God.
Incline
2 Chronicles 6:40, Job 36:7, Psalms 17:6, 71:2, 130:1,2, Daniel 9:17-19, 1 Peter 3:12
hear
4, 2 Samuel 16:12, Psalms 10:14,15, 74:10,22, 79:12, 89:50,51
Verse 18

Of a truth, LORD, the kings of Assyria have laid waste all the nations, and their countries,
the kings
2 Kings 15:29, 16:9, 17:6,24, 1 Chronicles 5:26, Nahum 2:11,12
nations
Heb. lands.
Verse 19

And have cast their gods into the fire: for they were no gods, but the work of men's hands, wood and stone: therefore they have destroyed them.
And have
10:9-11, 36:18-20, 46:1,2, Exodus 32:20, 2 Samuel 5:21
cast
Heb. given. no gods.
40:19-21, 41:7, 44:9,10,17, Psalms 115:4-8, Jeremiah 10:3-6,11, Hosea 8:6
Verse 20

Now therefore, O LORD our God, save us from his hand, that all the kingdoms of the earth may know that thou art the LORD, even thou only.
that all
42:8, Exodus 9:15,16, Joshua 7:8,9, 1 Samuel 17:45-47, 1 Kings 8:43, 18:36,37, Psalms 46:10, 59:13, 67:1,2, 83:17,18, Ezekiel 36:23, Malachi 1:11
even
Verse 21

Then Isaiah the son of Amoz sent unto Hezekiah, saying, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, Whereas thou hast prayed to me against Sennacherib king of Assyria:
Whereas
38:3-6, 58:9, 65:24, 2 Samuel 15:31, 17:23, 2 Kings 19:20,21, Job 22:27, Psalms 91:15, Daniel 9:20-23, Acts 4:31
Verse 22

This is the word which the LORD hath spoken concerning him; The virgin, the daughter of Zion, hath despised thee, and laughed thee to scorn; the daughter of Jerusalem hath shaken her head at thee.
The virgin
23:12, Jeremiah 14:17, Lamentations 1:15, 2:13, Amos 5:2
the daughter
1:8, 10:32, 62:11, Psalms 9:14, Zephaniah 3:14, Zechariah 2:10, 9:9, Matthew 21:5
hath despised
8:9,10, 1 Samuel 17:36,44-47, Psalms 2:2-4, 27:1-3, 31:18, 46:1-7, Joel 3:9-12
shaken
Job 16:4, Psalms 22:7,8, Matthew 27:39
Verse 23

Whom hast thou reproached and blasphemed? and against whom hast thou exalted thy voice, and lifted up thine eyes on high? even against the Holy One of Israel.
Whom hast
10-13, Exodus 5:2, 2 Kings 19:4,22, 2 Chronicles 32:17, Psalms 44:16, 73:9, 74:18,23, Revelation 13:1-6
against whom
10:13-15, 14:13,14, Exodus 9:17, Proverbs 30:13, Ezekiel 28:2,9, Daniel 5:20-23, Daniel 7:25, 2 Thessalonians 2:4
the Holy One
10:20, 12:6, 17:7, 30:11,12, 41:14,16, 43:3,14, Exodus 15:11, Ezekiel 39:7, Habakkuk 1:12,13
Verse 24

By thy servants hast thou reproached the Lord, and hast said, By the multitude of my chariots am I come up to the height of the mountains, to the sides of Lebanon; and I will cut down the tall cedars thereof, and the choice fir trees thereof: and I will enter into the height of his border, and the forest of his Carmel.
thy servants
Heb. the hand of they servants.
4, 36:15-20, 2 Kings 19:22,23
By the
10:13,14, 36:9, Exodus 15:9, Psalms 20:7, Daniel 4:30
tall cedars thereof, and the choice fir trees thereof
Heb. tallness of the cedars thereof and the choice of the fir trees thereof.
10:18, 14:8, Ezekiel 31:3-18, Daniel 4:8-14,20-22, Zechariah 11:1,2
of his Carmel
or, and his fruitful field.
29:17
Verse 25

I have digged, and drunk water; and with the sole of my feet have I dried up all the rivers of the besieged places.
with the sole
36:12, 1 Kings 20:10, 2 Kings 19:23,24
besieged
or, fenced and closed.
Verse 26

Hast thou not heard long ago, how I have done it; and of ancient times, that I have formed it? now have I brought it to pass, that thou shouldest be to lay waste defenced cities into ruinous heaps.
long ago, etc
or, how I have made it long ago, and formed it of ancient times? Should I now bring it to be laid waste, and defenced cities to be ruinous heaps?.
how I
10:5,6,15, 45:7, 46:10,11, Genesis 50:20, Psalms 17:13, 76:10, Amos 3:6, Acts 2:23, 4:27,28, 1 Peter 2:8, Jude 1:4
Verse 27

Therefore their inhabitants were of small power, they were dismayed and confounded: they were as the grass of the field, and as the green herb, as the grass on the housetops, and as corn blasted before it be grown up.
their inhabitants
19:16, Numbers 14:9, 2 Kings 19:26, Psalms 127:1,2, Jeremiah 5:10, 37:10
of small power
Heb. short of hand. as the grass of.
40:6-8, Psalms 37:2, 90:5,6, 92:7, 103:15, 129:6, James 1:10,11, 1 Peter 1:24
Verse 28

But I know thy abode, and thy going out, and thy coming in, and thy rage against me.
I know
Psalms 139:2-11, Proverbs 5:21, 15:3, Jeremiah 23:23,24, Revelation 2:13
abode
or sitting.
Verse 29

Because thy rage against me, and thy tumult, is come up into mine ears, therefore will I put my hook in thy nose, and my bridle in thy lips, and I will turn thee back by the way by which thou camest.
rage
10, 36:4,10, 2 Kings 19:27,28, Job 15:25,26, Psalms 2:1-3, 46:6, 93:3,4, Nahum 1:9-11, John 15:22,23, Acts 9:4
tumult
Psalms 74:4,23, 83:2, Matthew 27:24, Acts 22:22
will I
30:28, Job 41:2, Psalms 32:9, Ezekiel 29:4, 38:4, Amos 4:2
Verse 30

And this shall be a sign unto thee, Ye shall eat this year such as groweth of itself; and the second year that which springeth of the same: and in the third year sow ye, and reap, and plant vineyards, and eat the fruit thereof.
this shall
7:14, 38:7, Exodus 3:12, 1 Kings 13:3-5, 2 Kings 19:29, 20:9
Ye shall
7:21-25, Leviticus 25:4,5,20-22
Verse 31

And the remnant that is escaped of the house of Judah shall again take root downward, and bear fruit upward:
remnant that is escaped of the house of Judah
Heb. escaping of the house of Judah that remaineth.
1:9, 6:13, 10:20-22, Jeremiah 44:28
take
27:6, 65:9, 2 Kings 19:30,31, Psalms 80:9, Jeremiah 30:19, Romans 9:27, 11:5, Galatians 3:29
Verse 32

For out of Jerusalem shall go forth a remnant, and they that escape out of mount Zion: the zeal of the LORD of hosts shall do this.
they that escape
Heb. the escaping. the zeal.
20, 9:7, 59:17, 2 Kings 19:31, Joel 2:18, Zechariah 1:14
Verse 33

Therefore thus saith the LORD concerning the king of Assyria, He shall not come into this city, nor shoot an arrow there, nor come before it with shields, nor cast a bank against it.
He
8:7-10, 10:32-34, 17:12,14, 33:20, 2 Kings 19:32-35
shields
Heb. shield. cast.
Ezekiel 21:22, Luke 19:43,44
Verse 34

By the way that he came, by the same shall he return, and shall not come into this city, saith the LORD.
29, Proverbs 21:30
Verse 35

For I will defend this city to save it for mine own sake, and for my servant David's sake.
I will
31:5, 38:6, 2 Kings 20:6
for mine
43:25, 48:9-11, Deuteronomy 32:27, Ezekiel 20:9, 36:22, Ephesians 1:6,14
and for
1 Kings 11:12,13,36, 15:4, Jeremiah 23:5,6, 30:9, 33:15,16, Ezekiel 37:24,25
Verse 36

Then the angel of the LORD went forth, and smote in the camp of the Assyrians a hundred and fourscore and five thousand: and when they arose early in the morning, behold, they were all dead corpses.
the angel
10:12,16-19,33,34, 30:30-33, 31:8, 33:10-12, Exodus 12:23, 2 Samuel 24:16, 2 Kings 19:35, 1 Chronicles 21:12,16, 2 Chronicles 32:21,22, Psalms 35:5,6, Acts 12:23
and when
Exodus 12:30, Job 20:5-7, 24:24, Psalms 46:6-11, 76:5-7, 1 Thessalonians 5:2,3
Verse 37

So Sennacherib king of Assyria departed, and went and returned, and dwelt at Nineveh.
Sennacherib
7,29, 31:9
Nineveh
Genesis 10:11,12, Jonah 1:2, 3:3, Nahum 1:1, Matthew 12:41
Verse 38

And it came to pass, as he was worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god, that Adrammelech and Sharezer his sons smote him with the sword; and they escaped into the land of Armenia: and Esarhaddon his son reigned in his stead.
his god
10, 14:9,12, 36:15,18, 2 Kings 19:36,37, 2 Chronicles 32:14,19,21
Armenia
Heb. Ararat.
Genesis 8:4, Jeremiah 51:27
Esar-haddon
Esar-haddon, called Asar-addinus in the Canon of Ptolemy, was the third son of Sennacherib; and having reigned twenty-nine years over the Assyrians, he took advantage of the anarchy and confusion which followed the death of Mesessimordacus, and seized upon Babylon; which he added to his former empire, and reigned over both for thirteen years; when he was succeeded by his son Saosduchinus, A.M. 3336, B.C. 668.
Ezra 4:2

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