Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Proverbs 23

Introduction

1  From this chapter to the five and twentieth are sundry observations of moral virtues, and their contrary vices.
Verse 1

When thou sittest to eat with a ruler, consider diligently what is before thee:
Genesis 43:32-34, Jude 1:12
Verse 2

And put a knife to thy throat, if thou be a man given to appetite.
Matthew 18:8,9, 1 Corinthians 9:27, Philippians 3:19
Verse 3

Be not desirous of his dainties: for they are deceitful meat.
6, Psalms 141:4, Daniel 1:8, Luke 21:34, Ephesians 4:22
Verse 4

Labour not to be rich: cease from thine own wisdom.
Labour
28:20, John 6:27, 1 Timothy 6:8-10
cease
3:5, 26:12, Isaiah 5:21, Romans 11:25, 12:16
Verse 5

Wilt thou set thine eyes upon that which is not? for riches certainly make themselves wings; they fly away as an eagle toward heaven.
thou
Psalms 119:36,37, Jeremiah 22:17, 1 John 2:16
set thine eyes upon
Heb. cause thine eyes to fly upon, etc. "He expresses it in such a way," says Abp. Tillotson, "as if a rich man sat brooding over an estate till it was fledged, and gotten itself wings to fly away."
that which
Genesis 42:36, Ecclesiastes 1:2, 12:8, Isaiah 55:2, 1 Corinthians 7:29-31
riches
27:24, Job 1:14-17, Psalms 39:6, Ecclesiastes 5:13,14, Matthew 6:19, 1 Timothy 6:17, James 5:1,2
Verse 6

Eat thou not the bread of him that hath an evil eye, neither desire thou his dainty meats:
an
22:9, Deuteronomy 15:9, 28:56, Matthew 20:15, Mark 7:22
desire
3, Psalms 141:4, Daniel 1:8-10
Verse 7

For as he thinketh in his heart, so is he: Eat and drink, saith he to thee; but his heart is not with thee.
as
19:22, Matthew 9:3,4, Luke 7:39
Eat
Judges 16:15, 2 Samuel 13:26-28, Psalms 12:2, 55:21, Daniel 11:27, Luke 11:37-54
Verse 9

Speak not in the ears of a fool: for he will despise the wisdom of thy words.
Speak
9:7,8, 26:4,5, Isaiah 36:21, Matthew 7:6, Acts 13:45,46, 28:25-28
he
Luke 16:14, John 8:52, 9:30-34,40, 10:20, Acts 17:18,32, 1 Corinthians 1:21-24, 1 Corinthians 4:10-13
Verse 10

Remove not the old landmark; and enter not into the fields of the fatherless:
Remove
22:28, Deuteronomy 19:14, 27:17, Job 24:2
landmark
or, bound. fatherless.
Job 6:27, 22:9, 24:3,9, 31:21-23, Psalms 94:6, Jeremiah 7:5, 22:3, Zechariah 7:10, Malachi 3:5, James 1:27
Verse 11

For their redeemer is mighty; he shall plead their cause with thee.
22:23, Exodus 22:22-24, Deuteronomy 27:19, Psalms 12:5, Jeremiah 50:33,34, 51:36
Verse 12

Apply thine heart unto instruction, and thine ears to the words of knowledge.
19, 2:2-6, 5:1,2, 22:17, Ezekiel 33:31, Matthew 13:52, James 1:21-25
Verse 13

Withhold not correction from the child: for if thou beatest him with the rod, he shall not die.
13:24, 19:18, 29:15,17
Verse 14

Thou shalt beat him with the rod, and shalt deliver his soul from hell.
22:15, 1 Corinthians 5:5, 11:32
Verse 15

My son, if thine heart be wise, my heart shall rejoice, even mine.
My son
1:10, 2:1, 4:1, Matthew 9:2, John 21:5, 1 John 2:1
if
24,25, 10:1, 15:20, 29:3, 1 Thessalonians 2:19,20, 3:8,9, 2 John 1:4, 3 John 1:3,4
even mine
or, even I will rejoice.
Jeremiah 32:41, Zephaniah 3:17, Luke 15:23,24,32, John 15:11
Verse 16

Yea, my reins shall rejoice, when thy lips speak right things.
thy
8:6, Ephesians 4:29, 5:4, Colossians 4:4, James 3:2
Verse 17

Let not thine heart envy sinners: but be thou in the fear of the LORD all the day long.
not
3:31, 24:1, Psalms 37:1-3, 73:3-7
be thou
15:16, 28:14, Psalms 111:10, 112:1, Ecclesiastes 5:7, 12:13,14, Acts 9:31, 2 Corinthians 7:1, 1 Peter 1:17
Verse 18

For surely there is an end; and thine expectation shall not be cut off.
surely
Psalms 37:37, Jeremiah 29:11, Luke 16:25, Romans 6:21,22
end
or, reward.
24:14, Hebrews 10:35
thine
Psalms 9:18, Jeremiah 29:11, Philippians 1:20
Verse 19

Hear thou, my son, and be wise, and guide thine heart in the way.
and guide
12,26, 4:10-23
in the way
That is "in the right way."
Verse 20

Be not among winebibbers; among riotous eaters of flesh:
not
29-35, 20:1, 28:7, 31:6,7, Isaiah 5:11,22, 22:13, Matthew 24:49, Luke 15:13, Luke 16:19, 21:34, Romans 13:13, Ephesians 5:18, 1 Peter 4:3,4
flesh
Heb. their flesh.
Verse 21

For the drunkard and the glutton shall come to poverty: and drowsiness shall clothe a man with rags.
the drunkard
21:17, Deuteronomy 21:20, Isaiah 28:1-3, Joel 1:5, 1 Corinthians 5:11, 6:10, Galatians 5:21, Philippians 3:19
drowsiness
6:9-11, 19:15, 24:30-34
Verse 22

Hearken unto thy father that begat thee, and despise not thy mother when she is old.
Hearken
1:8, 6:20, Deuteronomy 21:18-21, 27:16, Mark 7:10, Ephesians 6:1,2
despise
30:11, Leviticus 19:3, Matthew 15:4-6, John 19:26,27
Verse 23

Buy the truth, and sell it not; also wisdom, and instruction, and understanding.
Buy
2:2-4, 4:5-7, 10:1, 16:16, 17:16, Job 28:12-19, Psalms 119:72,127, Isaiah 55:1, Matthew 13:44,46, Philippians 3:7,8, Revelation 3:18
sell
Matthew 16:26, Acts 20:23, Hebrews 11:26, Revelation 12:11
Verse 24

The father of the righteous shall greatly rejoice: and he that begetteth a wise child shall have joy of him.
father
15,16, 10:1, 15:20, 1 Kings 1:48, 2:1-3,9, Ecclesiastes 2:19
shall have
Philemon 1:9,20
Verse 25

Thy father and thy mother shall be glad, and she that bare thee shall rejoice.
and she
17:25, 1 Chronicles 4:9,10, Luke 1:31-33,40-47,58, 11:27,28
Verse 26

My son, give me thine heart, and let thine eyes observe my ways.
My son
give
4:23, Deuteronomy 6:5, Matthew 10:37,38, Luke 14:26, 2 Corinthians 5:14,15, 8:5, Ephesians 3:17
let
4:25-27, Psalms 107:43, 119:2,9-11, Hosea 14:9, 2 Peter 1:19
Verse 27

For a whore is a deep ditch; and a strange woman is a narrow pit.
22:14
Verse 28

She also lieth in wait as for a prey, and increaseth the transgressors among men.
as for a prey
or, as a robber.
2:16-19, 7:12,22-27, 9:18, 22:14, Judges 16:4-22, Ecclesiastes 7:26, Jeremiah 3:2
increaseth
Numbers 25:1, Hosea 4:11, 1 Corinthians 10:8, Revelation 17:1,2
Verse 29

Who hath woe? who hath sorrow? who hath contentions? (8675) who hath babbling? who hath wounds without cause? who hath redness of eyes?
Who hath woe
21, 20:1, 1 Samuel 25:36,37, 2 Samuel 13:28, 1 Kings 20:16-22, Isaiah 5:11,22, Isaiah 28:7,8, Nahum 1:10, Matthew 24:49,50, Luke 12:45,46, Ephesians 5:18
redness
Genesis 49:12
Verse 30

They that tarry long at the wine; they that go to seek mixed wine.
tarry
20:1, Genesis 9:21, Isaiah 5:11, Amos 6:6, Ephesians 5:18
mixed
That is, not wine diluted and lowered with water, but made stronger and more inebriating, by the addition of more powerful ingredients, as honey, spices, myrrh, defrutum, opiates, etc.
9:2, Psalms 75:8
Verse 31

Look not thou upon the wine when it is red, when it giveth his colour in the cup, when it moveth itself aright.
6:25, 2 Samuel 11:2, Job 33:1, Psalms 119:37, Matthew 5:28-30, Mark 9:47, 1 John 2:16
Verse 32

At the last it biteth like a serpent, and stingeth like an adder.
At
5:11, Isaiah 28:3,7,8, Jeremiah 5:31, Exodus 7:5,6,12, Luke 16:25,26, Romans 6:21
biteth
Ecclesiastes 10:8, Jeremiah 8:17, Amos 5:19, 9:3
an adder
or, a cockatrice.
Isaiah 59:5
Verse 33

Thine eyes shall behold strange women, and thine heart shall utter perverse things.
eyes
Genesis 19:32-38
and
31:5, Psalms 69:12, Daniel 5:4, Hosea 7:5, Jude 1:12,13
Verse 34

Yea, thou shalt be as he that lieth down in the midst of the sea, or as he that lieth upon the top of a mast.
thou
1 Samuel 25:33-38, 30:16,17, 2 Samuel 13:28, 1 Kings 16:9, 20:16-22, Joel 1:5, Matthew 24:38, Luke 17:27-29, 21:34, 1 Thessalonians 5:2-7
midst
Heb. heart.
Exodus 15:8
Verse 35

They have stricken me, shalt thou say, and I was not sick; they have beaten me, and I felt it not: when shall I awake? I will seek it yet again.
stricken
27:22, Jeremiah 5:3, 31:18
I felt it not
Heb. I knew it not.
Ephesians 4:19
I will
26:11, Deuteronomy 29:19, Isaiah 22:13, 56:12, 1 Corinthians 15:32-34, 2 Peter 2:22

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