Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Proverbs 30

Introduction

1  Agur's confession of his faith.
7  The two points of his prayer.
10  The meanest are not to be wronged.
11  Four wicked generations.
15  Four things insatiable.
17  Parents are not to be despised.
18  Four things hard to be known.
21  Four things intolerable.
24  Four things exceeding wise.
29  Four things stately.
32  Wrath is to be prevented.
Verse 1

The words of Agur the son of Jakeh, even the prophecy: the man spake unto Ithiel, even unto Ithiel and Ucal,
Agur
Agur was probably a public teacher, and Ithiel and Ucal, his pupils; and this was the massa, or oracle, which he delivered, not by his own wisdom, but by the Holy Spirit, for the benefit of man; and which, it is probable, was added by "the men of Hezekiah."
even
31:1, 2 Peter 1:19-21
Verse 2

Surely I am more brutish than any man, and have not the understanding of a man.
I am
Job 42:3-6, Psalms 73:22, Isaiah 6:5, Romans 11:25, 1 Corinthians 3:18, 8:2, James 1:5
brutish
5:12, Psalms 92:6, Jeremiah 10:14, 2 Peter 2:12-16
Verse 3

I neither learned wisdom, nor have the knowledge of the holy.
neither
Amos 7:14,15, Matthew 16:17
nor
Job 11:7-9, Matthew 11:27, John 17:3, Romans 11:33, Ephesians 3:18,19
have
Heb. know. the holy
Isaiah 6:3,10, 30:11, 57:15, Revelation 3:7, 4:8
Verse 4

Who hath ascended up into heaven, or descended? who hath gathered the wind in his fists? who hath bound the waters in a garment? who hath established all the ends of the earth? what is his name, and what is his son's name, if thou canst tell?
Who hath ascended
Deuteronomy 30:12, John 3:13, Romans 10:6, Ephesians 4:9,10
who hath gathered
Job 38:4-41, Psalms 104:2-35, Isaiah 40:12-31, 53:8
what is his name
Exodus 3:13-15, 6:3, 34:5-7, Deuteronomy 28:58
and what
Genesis 32:29, Judges 13:18, Psalms 2:7, Isaiah 7:14, 9:6, Jeremiah 23:6, Matthew 1:21-23, Matthew 11:27, Luke 10:22
Verse 5

Every word of God is pure: he is a shield unto them that put their trust in him.
word
Psalms 12:6, 18:30, 19:8, 119:140, Romans 7:12, James 3:17
pure
Heb. purified.
Genesis 15:1, Psalms 84:11, 91:2, 115:9-11, 144:2
Verse 6

Add thou not unto his words, lest he reprove thee, and thou be found a liar.
Add
Deuteronomy 4:2, 12:32, Revelation 22:18,19
and
Job 13:7-9, 1 Corinthians 15:15
Verse 7

Two things have I required of thee; deny me them not before I die:
have
1 Kings 3:5-9, 2 Kings 2:9, Psalms 27:4, Luke 10:42
deny me them not
Heb. withhold them not from me.
Psalms 21:2
Verse 8

Remove far from me vanity and lies: give me neither poverty nor riches; feed me with food convenient for me:
Remove
21:6, 22:8, 23:5, Psalms 62:9,10, 119:29,37, Ecclesiastes 1:2, Isaiah 5:18, 59:4, John 2:8, Acts 14:15
feed
Genesis 28:20, 48:15,16, Exodus 16:15,18,21,22,29,35, Matthew 6:11,33, Luke 11:3, 1 Timothy 6:6-8
convenient for me
Heb. of my allowance.
2 Kings 25:30, Jeremiah 37:21, 52:34
Verse 9

Lest I be full, and deny thee, and say, Who is the LORD? or lest I be poor, and steal, and take the name of my God in vain.
I be full
Deuteronomy 6:10-12, 8:10-14, 31:20, 32:15, Nehemiah 9:25,26, Job 31:24-28, Jeremiah 2:31, Ezekiel 16:14,15,49,50, Daniel 4:17,30, Hosea 13:6, Acts 12:22,23
deny thee
Heb. belie thee. Who.
Exodus 5:2, 2 Chronicles 32:15-17
or
6:30,31, Psalms 125:3
and take the name
29:24, Exodus 20:7, Leviticus 5:1, Matthew 26:72,74
Verse 10

Accuse not a servant unto his master, lest he curse thee, and thou be found guilty.
Accuse not
Heb. Hurt not with thy tongue.
24:23, Deuteronomy 23:15, 1 Samuel 22:9,10, 24:9, 26:19, 30:15, 2 Samuel 16:1-4, 2 Samuel 19:26,27, Daniel 3:8-18, 6:13,24, Romans 14:4
lest
11:26, 24:24, 28:27, Deuteronomy 15:9, 2 Chronicles 24:22-24
Verse 11

There is a generation that curseth their father, and doth not bless their mother.
a generation
12-14, Matthew 3:7, 1 Peter 2:9
that curseth
17, 20:20, Leviticus 20:9, Deuteronomy 21:20,21, 27:16, Matthew 15:4-6, Mark 7:10-13
doth
1 Timothy 5:4,8
Verse 12

There is a generation that are pure in their own eyes, and yet is not washed from their filthiness.
that are
21:2, Judges 17:5,13, 1 Samuel 15:13,14, Job 33:9, Psalms 36:2, Isaiah 65:5, Jeremiah 2:22-24,35, Luke 11:39,40, 16:15, 18:11, 2 Timothy 3:5, Titus 1:15,16, 1 John 1:8-10
not
Psalms 51:2,7, Isaiah 1:16, Jeremiah 4:14, Ezekiel 36:25, Zechariah 13:1, 1 Corinthians 6:11, Titus 3:5, 1 John 1:7, Revelation 1:5
Verse 13

There is a generation, O how lofty are their eyes! and their eyelids are lifted up.
6:17, 21:4, Psalms 101:5, 131:1, Isaiah 2:11, 3:16, Ezekiel 28:2-5,9, Daniel 11:36,37, Habakkuk 2:4, 2 Thessalonians 2:3,4
Verse 14

There is a generation, whose teeth are as swords, and their jaw teeth as knives, to devour the poor from off the earth, and the needy from among men.
whose
12:18, Job 29:17, Psalms 3:7, 52:2, 57:4, 58:6, Daniel 7:5-7, Revelation 9:8
to devour
22:16, 28:3, Psalms 10:8,9, 12:5, 14:4, Ecclesiastes 4:1, Isaiah 32:7, Amos 2:7, 4:1, 8:4, Micah 2:1,2, 3:1-5, Habakkuk 3:14, Zephaniah 3:3, Matthew 23:14, James 5:1-4
Verse 15

The horseleach hath two daughters, crying, Give, give. There are three things that are never satisfied, yea, four things say not, It is enough:
The horseleach
Isaiah 57:3, Ezekiel 16:44-46, Matthew 23:32, John 8:39,44
Give
Isaiah 56:11,12, Hosea 4:18, Micah 7:3, Romans 16:18, 2 Peter 2:3,13-15, Jude 1:11,12
There
21,24,29, 6:16, Amos 1:3,6,9,11,13, 2:1,4
It is enough
Heb. Wealth.
Verse 16

The grave; and the barren womb; the earth that is not filled with water; and the fire that saith not, It is enough.
27:20, Habakkuk 2:5
Verse 17

The eye that mocketh at his father, and despiseth to obey his mother, the ravens of the valley shall pick it out, and the young eagles shall eat it.
eye
11, 20:20, 23:22, Genesis 9:21-27, Leviticus 20:9, Deuteronomy 21:18-21, 2 Samuel 18:9,10,14-17
the ravens
1 Samuel 17:44, 2 Samuel 21:10
valley
or, brook.
Verse 18

There be three things which are too wonderful for me, yea, four which I know not:
too
Job 42:3, Psalms 139:6
Verse 19

The way of an eagle in the air; the way of a serpent upon a rock; the way of a ship in the midst of the sea; and the way of a man with a maid.
way of an
Job 39:27, Isaiah 40:31
midst
Heb. heart. and the.
Exodus 22:16
Verse 20

Such is the way of an adulterous woman; she eateth, and wipeth her mouth, and saith, I have done no wickedness.
7:13-23, Numbers 5:11-30
Verse 22

For a servant when he reigneth; and a fool when he is filled with meat;
a servant
19:10, 28:3, Ecclesiastes 10:7, Isaiah 3:4,5
a fool
1 Samuel 25:3,10,11,25,36-38, 30:16
Verse 23

For an odious woman when she is married; and an handmaid that is heir to her mistress.
an odious
19:13, 21:9,19, 27:15
an handmaid
29:21
Verse 24

There be four things which are little upon the earth, but they are exceeding wise:
little
Job 12:7
exceeding wise
Heb. wise, made wise.
Verse 25

The ants are a people not strong, yet they prepare their meat in the summer;
6:6-8
Verse 26

The conies are but a feeble folk, yet make they their houses in the rocks;
Leviticus 11:5, Psalms 104:18
Verse 27

The locusts have no king, yet go they forth all of them by bands;
The locusts
Exodus 10:4-6,13-15, Psalms 105:34, Joel 1:4,6,7, 2:7-11,25, Revelation 9:3-11
by bands
Heb. gathered together.
Verse 30

A lion which is strongest among beasts, and turneth not away for any;
Numbers 23:24, Judges 14:18
Verse 31

A greyhound; an he goat also; and a king, against whom there is no rising up.
greyhound
or, horse. Heb. girt in the lions. against.
16:14, 20:2, Daniel 3:15-18
Verse 32

If thou hast done foolishly in lifting up thyself, or if thou hast thought evil, lay thine hand upon thy mouth.
thou hast done
26:12, Ecclesiastes 8:3
lay
17:28, Job 21:5, 40:4, Ecclesiastes 8:4, Micah 7:16,17, Romans 3:19
Verse 33

Surely the churning of milk bringeth forth butter, and the wringing of the nose bringeth forth blood: so the forcing of wrath bringeth forth strife.
so
15:18, 16:28, 17:14, 26:21, 28:25, 29:22

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