Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Job 30

Introduction

1  Job's honour is turned into extreme contempt;
15  and his prosperity into calamity.
Verse 1

But now they that are younger than I have me in derision, whose fathers I would have disdained to have set with the dogs of my flock.
they that are
19:13-19, 29:8-10, 2 Kings 2:23, Isaiah 3:5
younger than I
Heb. of fewer days than I. whose.
Psalms 35:15,16, 69:12, Mark 14:65, 15:17-20, Luke 23:14,18,35,39, Acts 17:5, Titus 1:12
Verse 3

For want and famine they were solitary; fleeing into the wilderness in former time desolate and waste.
solitary
or, dark as the night.
24:13-16
fleeing into
24:5, Hebrews 11:38
in former time
Heb. yesternight.
Verse 4

Who cut up mallows by the bushes, and juniper roots for their meat.
mallows
The Hebrew malluäch, in Arabic, malluch, and in Syriac mallucho, is probably the [Lalima or Lalimos] of the Greeks, and halimus of the Romans, which Dioscorides describes as a kind of bramble, without thorns, the leaves of which are boiled and eaten.
juniper roots
The Hebrew rothem, in Arabic, ratim, and in Spanish, retama, most probably signifies the genista or broom, which is very abundant in the deserts of Arabia.
for their meat
2 Kings 4:38,39, Amos 7:14, Luke 15:16
Verse 5

They were driven forth from among men, (they cried after them as after a thief;)
driven
Genesis 4:12-14, Psalms 109:10, Daniel 4:25,32,33
Verse 6

To dwell in the clifts of the valleys, in caves of the earth, and in the rocks.
dwell
Judges 6:2, 1 Samuel 22:1,2, Isaiah 2:19, Revelation 6:15
caves
Heb. holes.
Verse 7

Among the bushes they brayed; under the nettles they were gathered together.
brayed
6:5, 11:12, Genesis 16:12
the nettles
Charul probably denotes some kind of briar or bramble: so Vulgate renders it by spina or sentis, (Pr 24:31. Zep 2:9.) Celsius and Scheuchzer are inclined to think it the paliurus, a shrub growing sometimes to a considerable height in desert places. "One of the inconveniences of the vegetable thickets of Egypt is," says Denon, "that it is difficult to remain in them, as nine tenths of the trees and plants are armed with inexorable thorns, which suffer only an unquiet enjoyment of the shadow which is so constantly desirable."
Verse 8

They were children of fools, yea, children of base men: they were viler than the earth.
children
2 Kings 8:18,27, 2 Chronicles 22:3, Psalms 49:10-13, Jeremiah 7:18, Mark 6:24
fools
Proverbs 1:7,22, 16:22
base men
Heb. men of no name. viler.
40:4, Psalms 15:4, Isaiah 32:6
Verse 9

And now am I their song, yea, I am their byword.
am I
17:6, Psalms 35:15,16, 44:14, 69:12, Lamentations 3:14,63
Verse 10

They abhor me, they flee far from me, and spare not to spit in my face.
abhor me
19:19, 42:6, Psalms 88:8, Zechariah 11:8
flee far
19:13,14, Psalms 88:8, Proverbs 19:7, Matthew 26:56
spare not to spit in my face
Heb. withhold not spittle from my face.
Numbers 12:14, Deuteronomy 25:9, Isaiah 50:6, Matthew 26:67, 27:30
Verse 11

Because he hath loosed my cord, and afflicted me, they have also let loose the bridle before me.
loosed
12:18,21, 2 Samuel 16:5-8
let loose
Psalms 35:21, Matthew 26:67,68, 27:39-44, James 1:26
Verse 12

Upon my right hand rise the youth; they push away my feet, and they raise up against me the ways of their destruction.
rise
19:18, Isaiah 3:5
they raise up
19:12
Verse 13

They mar my path, they set forward my calamity, they have no helper.
they set forward
Psalms 69:26, Zechariah 1:15
Verse 14

They came upon me as a wide breaking in of waters: in the desolation they rolled themselves upon me.
as a wide
22:16, Psalms 18:4, 69:14,15, Isaiah 8:7,8
Verse 15

Terrors are turned upon me: they pursue my soul as the wind: and my welfare passeth away as a cloud.
Terrors
6:4, 7:14, 9:27,28, 10:16, Psalms 88:15
soul
Heb. principal one. as a cloud.
Isaiah 44:22, Hosea 6:4, 13:3
Verse 16

And now my soul is poured out upon me; the days of affliction have taken hold upon me.
my soul
Psalms 22:14, 42:4, Isaiah 53:12
have taken hold
Psalms 40:12
Verse 17

My bones are pierced in me in the night season: and my sinews take no rest.
My bones
33:19-21, Psalms 6:2-6, 38:2-8
in the night season
7:4, Psalms 22:2, Isaiah 38:13
Verse 18

By the great force of my disease is my garment changed: it bindeth me about as the collar of my coat.
By the great
2:7, 7:5, 19:20, Psalms 38:5, Isaiah 1:5,6
Verse 19

He hath cast me into the mire, and I am become like dust and ashes.
cast me
9:31, Psalms 69:1,2, Jeremiah 38:6
dust
2:8, 42:6, Genesis 18:27
Verse 20

I cry unto thee, and thou dost not hear me: I stand up, and thou regardest me not.
I cry
19:7, 27:9, Psalms 22:2, 80:4,5, Lamentations 3:8,44, Matthew 15:23
Verse 21

Thou art become cruel to me: with thy strong hand thou opposest thyself against me.
become cruel
Heb. turned to be cruel.
7:20,21, 10:14-17, 13:25-28, 16:9-14, 19:6-9, Psalms 77:7-9, Jeremiah 30:14
thy strong hand
Heb. the strength of thy hand.
6:9, 23:6, Psalms 89:13, 1 Peter 5:6
Verse 22

Thou liftest me up to the wind; thou causest me to ride upon it, and dissolvest my substance.
liftest me
21:18, Psalms 1:4, Isaiah 17:13, Jeremiah 4:11,12, Ezekiel 5:2, Hosea 4:19, 13:3
to ride
Psalms 18:10, 104:3
substance
or, wisdom.
Verse 23

For I know that thou wilt bring me to death, and to the house appointed for all living.
the house
14:5, 21:33, Genesis 3:19, 2 Samuel 14:14, Ecclesiastes 8:8, 9:5, 12:5-7, Hebrews 9:27
Verse 24

Howbeit he will not stretch out his hand to the grave, though they cry in his destruction.
grave
Heb. heap. they cry.
Judges 5:31, Psalms 35:25, Matthew 27:39-44
Verse 25

Did not I weep for him that was in trouble? was not my soul grieved for the poor?
Did not I
Psalms 35:13,14, Jeremiah 13:17, 18:20, Luke 19:41, John 11:35, Romans 12:15
in trouble
Heb. hard of day. was.
31:16-21, Psalms 12:1, Proverbs 14:21,31, 17:5, 19:17, 28:8, Isaiah 58:7,8, Daniel 4:27, 2 Corinthians 9:9
Verse 26

When I looked for good, then evil came unto me: and when I waited for light, there came darkness.
When I looked
3:25,26, 29:18, Jeremiah 8:15, 14:19, 15:18, Micah 1:12
light
18:6,18, 23:17, Psalms 97:11, Isaiah 50:10
Verse 27

My bowels boiled, and rested not: the days of affliction prevented me.
Psalms 22:4, Jeremiah 4:19, 31:20, Lamentations 1:20, 2:11
Verse 28

I went mourning without the sun: I stood up, and I cried in the congregation.
Psalms 38:6, 42:9, 43:2, Isaiah 53:3,4, Lamentations 3:1-3
Verse 29

I am a brother to dragons, and a companion to owls.
a brother
17:14, Psalms 102:6, Isaiah 13:21,22, 38:14, Micah 1:8, Malachi 1:3
owls
or, ostriches. Benoth yäânah, in Arabic, bintu näâmatin, not owls, but ostriches, so called from their doleful and hideous noises. "I have often," says Dr. Shaw, "heard them groan as if they were in the greatest agonies."
Verse 30

My skin is black upon me, and my bones are burned with heat.
my skin
Psalms 119:83, Lamentations 3:4, 4:8, 5:10
my bones
Psalms 102:3
Verse 31

My harp also is turned to mourning, and my organ into the voice of them that weep.
Psalms 137:1-4, Ecclesiastes 3:4, Isaiah 21:4, 22:12, 24:7-9, Lamentations 5:15, Daniel 6:18

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