Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Joshua 13

Introduction

1  The bounds of the land not yet conquered.
8  The inheritance of the two tribes and half.
14  The Lord and his sacrifices are the inheritance of Levi.
15  The bounds of the inheritance of Reuben.
22  Balaam slain.
24  The bounds of the inheritance of Gad;
29  and of the half tribe of Manasseh.
Verse 1

Now Joshua was old and stricken in years; and the LORD said unto him, Thou art old and stricken in years, and there remaineth yet very much land to be possessed.
A. M. 2560. B.C. 1444. An. Ex. Is. 47. Joshua
14:10, 23:1,2, 24:29, Genesis 18:11, 1 Kings 1:1, Luke 1:7
to be possessed
Heb. to possess it.
Deuteronomy 31:3
Verse 2

This is the land that yet remaineth: all the borders of the Philistines, and all Geshuri,
the land
Exodus 23:29-31, Deuteronomy 11:23,24, Judges 3:1
borders
Genesis 10:14, 26:1, Joel 3:4
Geshuri
11,13, 12:5, 1 Samuel 27:8, 2 Samuel 3:3, 13:37,38, 15:8
Verse 3

From Sihor, which is before Egypt, even unto the borders of Ekron northward, which is counted to the Canaanite: five lords of the Philistines; the Gazathites, and the Ashdothites, the Eshkalonites, the Gittites, and the Ekronites; also the Avites:
Sihor
Jeremiah 2:18
which is counted
Genesis 10:15-19, Numbers 34:2-14
five Lords
Judges 3:3, 1 Samuel 6:4,16,17, Zephaniah 2:4,5; The Philistine were not descended from Canaan, but from Mizraim, the son of Ham; Ge:, with ver. 13;) yet they were numbered with the Canaanites in this distribution.
Avites
Deuteronomy 2:23
Avims
Verse 4

From the south, all the land of the Canaanites, and Mearah that is beside the Sidonians, unto Aphek, to the borders of the Amorites:
the land of
10:40, 11:3, 12:7,8
Mearah
or, the cave. Aphek. This is probably the Aphek spoken of in 1 Ki 20:26. 2 Ki 13:18, as the capital of the kings of Syria; and the same as is mentioned by Sozomen, Eusebius, and Theophanes, as situated near the river Adonis (now Nahr Ibrahim,) between Heliopolis and Byblos, and celebrated for the infamous temple of Venus the Aphacite. The village Afka, situated in the bottom of a valley, and hour and three quarters from Akoura, and three hours' distance from Lake Liemoun, is supposed to occupy its site. Burckhardt, however, could not hear of any remains of antiquity in it neighbourhood.
19:30, 1 Samuel 4:1
the Amorites
Judges 1:34-36
Verse 5

And the land of the Giblites, and all Lebanon, toward the sunrising, from Baalgad under mount Hermon unto the entering into Hamath.
Giblites
Probably the inhabitants of the country, around Gebal, (Eze 27:9,) or Byblos, as the LXX. render, a city of Phoenicia, situated on the Mediterranean, between Sidon and Tripoli, on the north of the river Adonis. It is now called Gibyle, of Djebail, situated about a day's journey south of Tripoli. Its walls are about a mile in circumference, with square towers about every forty yards' distance. Anciently it must have been a place of no mean extent and of considerable beauty, from the ruins still visible.
1 Kings 5:18; *marg:; Psalms 83:7, Ezekiel 27:9
Lebanon
Deuteronomy 1:7, 3:25
Baal-gad
12:7
under mount
11:17
unto the
Numbers 34:8, Isaiah 10:9, Amos 6:2
Verse 6

All the inhabitants of the hill country from Lebanon unto Misrephothmaim, and all the Sidonians, them will I drive out from before the children of Israel: only divide thou it by lot unto the Israelites for an inheritance, as I have commanded thee.
Misrephoth-maim
11:8
them
23:13, Genesis 15:18-21, Exodus 23:30,31, Judges 2:21-23
only divide
14:1,2
Verse 7

Now therefore divide this land for an inheritance unto the nine tribes, and the half tribe of Manasseh,
Numbers 26:53-56, 33:54, 32:2-14, Ezekiel 47:13-23, 48:23-29
Verse 8

With whom the Reubenites and the Gadites have received their inheritance, which Moses gave them, beyond Jordan eastward, even as Moses the servant of the LORD gave them;
Moses gave
4:12, 22:4, Numbers 32:33-42, Deuteronomy 3:12-17
Verse 9

From Aroer, that is upon the bank of the river Arnon, and the city that is in the midst of the river, and all the plain of Medeba unto Dibon;
Aroer
16, 12:2, Deuteronomy 3:12,16
all the plain
Numbers 21:30, Isaiah 15:2, Jeremiah 48:18,22
Verse 10

And all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, which reigned in Heshbon, unto the border of the children of Ammon;
Numbers 21:24-26
Verse 11

And Gilead, and the border of the Geshurites and Maachathites, and all mount Hermon, and all Bashan unto Salcah;
12:2-5, Deuteronomy 4:47,48, 1 Chronicles 2:23
Verse 12

All the kingdom of Og in Bashan, which reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei, who remained of the remnant of the giants: for these did Moses smite, and cast them out.
Og
12:4, Deuteronomy 3:10,11
these did
14:3,4, Numbers 21:23-35
Verse 13

Nevertheless the children of Israel expelled not the Geshurites, nor the Maachathites: but the Geshurites and the Maachathites dwell among the Israelites until this day.
expelled
11, 23:12,13, Numbers 33:55, Judges 2:1-3, 2 Samuel 3:3, 13:37,38
Verse 14

Only unto the tribe of Levi he gave none inheritance; the sacrifices of the LORD God of Israel made by fire are their inheritance, as he said unto them.
See the Note on verse 33
14:3,4, Numbers 18:20-24, Deuteronomy 10:9, 12:12,19, 18:2
Verse 16

And their coast was from Aroer, that is on the bank of the river Arnon, and the city that is in the midst of the river, and all the plain by Medeba;
9, 12:2, Numbers 21:28-30, 32:33-38, Deuteronomy 3:12, Isaiah 15:1,2,4, 16:7-9, Jeremiah 48:21-24
Verse 17

Heshbon, and all her cities that are in the plain; Dibon, and Bamothbaal, and Bethbaalmeon,
Dibon
Eusebius says the city was situated in the plain of Arnon.
Bamoth-baal
or, the high places of Baal, and the house of Baal-meon.
Numbers 21:19, 22:41, 32:38
Verse 18

And Jahazah, and Kedemoth, and Mephaath,
Jahaza
A city near Medeba and Dibon, afterwards given to the Levites.
21:36,37, Numbers 21:23
Jahaz
1 Chronicles 6:78,79
Jahzah
Kedemoth. Supposed to have been situated east of the Arnon.
Mephaath
Situated near the desert, east of Moab. In the time of Eusebius, he says the Romans kept a garrison there.
Verse 19

And Kirjathaim, and Sibmah, and Zarethshahar in the mount of the valley,
And Kirjathaim
This city, according to Eusebius, was situated ten miles west of Medeba.
Numbers 32:37,38
Sibman
Called Shibmah, Nu 32:38, and celebrated for its vines Jer 48:32. Isa 16:8, 9; on which last place, Jerome says, there were scarcely 500 paces between it and Heshbon.
Verse 20

And Bethpeor, and Ashdothpisgah, and Bethjeshimoth,
Beth-peor
Numbers 25:3, Deuteronomy 4:46
Ashdoth-pisgah
or, springs of Pisgah, or, the hill.
12:3, Deuteronomy 3:17
Beth-jeshimoth
Numbers 33:49, Ezekiel 25:9
Verse 21

And all the cities of the plain, and all the kingdom of Sihon king of the Amorites, which reigned in Heshbon, whom Moses smote with the princes of Midian, Evi, and Rekem, and Zur, and Hur, and Reba, which were dukes of Sihon, dwelling in the country.
And all the
Deuteronomy 3:10
whom Moses
Numbers 21:24-35, Deuteronomy 2:30-36
with the
Numbers 31:8
Verse 22

Balaam also the son of Beor, the soothsayer, did the children of Israel slay with the sword among them that were slain by them.
Balaam
Numbers 22:5-7, 24:1, 31:8, 2 Peter 2:15, Jude 1:11, Revelation 2:14, 19:20
soothsayer
or, diviner.
Verse 24

And Moses gave inheritance unto the tribe of Gad, even unto the children of Gad according to their families.
Numbers 32:34-36
Verse 25

And their coast was Jazer, and all the cities of Gilead, and half the land of the children of Ammon, unto Aroer that is before Rabbah;
their coast
Numbers 32:35
Jazer
A city near a brook of the same name, now called Wady Szyr; and probably the present Szyr occupies its site.
half
Numbers 21:26-30, Deuteronomy 2:19, Judges 11:13-27
Rabbah
Deuteronomy 3:11, 2 Samuel 11:1, 12:26, Ezekiel 21:20, Amos 1:14
Verse 26

And from Heshbon unto Ramathmizpeh, and Betonim; and from Mahanaim unto the border of Debir;
Ramath-mizpeh
20:8, Genesis 31:49, Judges 10:17, 11:11,29, 1 Kings 22:3
Mahanaim
21:38, Genesis 32:1,2, 2 Samuel 2:8, 17:27
Debir
2 Samuel 9:4,5, 17:27
Lodebar
Verse 27

And in the valley, Betharam, and Bethnimrah, and Succoth, and Zaphon, the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon, Jordan and his border, even unto the edge of the sea of Chinnereth on the other side Jordan eastward.
Beth-aram
A city near mount Peor, and not far from the entrance of the Jordan into the Dead Sea; rebuilt and called Livias by Herod, in honour of Livia, wife of Augustus.
Numbers 32:36
Beth-nimrah
Numbers 32:3,36
Succoth
Genesis 33:17, Judges 8:5,6,14-16, 1 Kings 7:46
Chinnereth
11:2, 12:3
Chinneroth
Numbers 34:11, Deuteronomy 3:17, Luke 5:1
Gennesaret
Verse 30

And their coast was from Mahanaim, all Bashan, all the kingdom of Og king of Bashan, and all the towns of Jair, which are in Bashan, threescore cities:
26, Numbers 32:39-41, Deuteronomy 3:13-15, 1 Chronicles 2:21-23
Verse 31

And half Gilead, and Ashtaroth, and Edrei, cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan, were pertaining unto the children of Machir the son of Manasseh, even to the one half of the children of Machir by their families.
Ashtaroth
12:4
the children of Machir by
Numbers 32:39,40
Verse 33

But unto the tribe of Levi Moses gave not any inheritance: the LORD God of Israel was their inheritance, as he said unto them.
18:7, Deuteronomy 10:9, 18:1,2

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