Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Luke 22

Introduction

1  The Jews conspire against Christ.
3  Satan prepares Judas to betray him.
7  The apostles prepare the passover.
19  Christ institutes his holy supper;
21  covertly foretells of the traitor;
24  rebukes the rest of his apostles from ambition;
31  assures Peter his faith should not fail;
34  and yet he should deny him thrice.
39  He prays in the mount, and sweats blood;
47  is betrayed with a kiss;
50  he heals Malchus' ear;
54  he is thrice denied of Peter;
63  shamefully abused;
66  and confesses himself to be the Son of God.
Verse 1

Now the feast of unleavened bread drew nigh, which is called the Passover.
Exodus 12:6-23, Leviticus 23:5,6, Matthew 26:2, Mark 14:1,2,12, John 11:55-57, 1 Corinthians 5:7,8
Verse 1-2

Now the feast of unleavened bread drew nigh, which is called the Passover.
Exodus 12:6-23, Leviticus 23:5,6, Matthew 26:2, Mark 14:1,2,12, John 11:55-57, 1 Corinthians 5:7,8
Verse 2

And the chief priests and scribes sought how they might kill him; for they feared the people.
19:47,48, 20:19, Psalms 2:1-5, Matthew 21:38,45,46, 26:3-5, John 11:47-53,57, Acts 4:27
Verse 3

Then entered Satan into Judas surnamed Iscariot, being of the number of the twelve.
entered
Matthew 26:14, Mark 14:10,11, John 6:70,71, 12:6, 13:2,27, Acts 5:3
being
21, 6:16, Psalms 41:9, 55:12-14, Matthew 26:23, Mark 14:18-20, John 13:18,26
Verses 3-6

Then entered Satan into Judas surnamed Iscariot, being of the number of the twelve.
entered
Matthew 26:14, Mark 14:10,11, John 6:70,71, 12:6, 13:2,27, Acts 5:3
being
21, 6:16, Psalms 41:9, 55:12-14, Matthew 26:23, Mark 14:18-20, John 13:18,26
Verse 4

And he went his way, and communed with the chief priests and captains, how he might betray him unto them.
went
Matthew 26:14, Mark 14:10,11
Verse 5

And they were glad, and covenanted to give him money.
and covenanted
Zechariah 11:12,13, Matthew 26:15-16, 27:3-5, Acts 1:18, 8:20, 1 Timothy 6:9,10, 2 Peter 2:3,15, Jude 1:11
Verse 6

And he promised, and sought opportunity to betray him unto them in the absence of the multitude.
in the absence of the multitude
or, without tumult.
Matthew 26:5, Mark 14:2
Verse 7

Then came the day of unleavened bread, when the passover must be killed.
1, Exodus 12:6,18, Matthew 26:17, Mark 14:12
Verses 7-13

Then came the day of unleavened bread, when the passover must be killed.
1, Exodus 12:6,18, Matthew 26:17, Mark 14:12
Verse 8

And he sent Peter and John, saying, Go and prepare us the passover, that we may eat.
he
Mark 14:13-16
Go
1:6, Matthew 3:15, Galatians 4:4,5
Verse 10

And he said unto them, Behold, when ye are entered into the city, there shall a man meet you, bearing a pitcher of water; follow him into the house where he entereth in.
19:29-40, 1 Samuel 10:2-7, Matthew 26:18,19, John 16:4, Acts 8:26-29
Verse 11

And ye shall say unto the goodman of the house, The Master saith unto thee, Where is the guestchamber, where I shall eat the passover with my disciples?
The Master
19:31,34, Matthew 21:3, John 11:28
Where is
19:5, Revelation 3:20
Verse 12

And he shall shew you a large upper room furnished: there make ready.
he
John 2:25, 21:17, Acts 16:14,15
a large
Acts 1:13, 20:8
Verse 13

And they went, and found as he had said unto them: and they made ready the passover.
21:33, John 2:5, 11:40, Hebrews 11:8
Verse 14

And when the hour was come, he sat down, and the twelve apostles with him.
Deuteronomy 16:6,7, Matthew 26:20, Mark 14:17
Verses 14-23

And when the hour was come, he sat down, and the twelve apostles with him.
Deuteronomy 16:6,7, Matthew 26:20, Mark 14:17
Verse 15

And he said unto them, With desire I have desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer:
With desire I have desired
or, I have heartily desired.
12:50, John 4:34, 13:1, 17:1
Verse 16

For I say unto you, I will not any more eat thereof, until it be fulfilled in the kingdom of God.
I will not
until
30, 12:37, 14:15, John 6:27,50-58, Acts 10:41, 1 Corinthians 5:7,8, Hebrews 10:1-10, Revelation 19:9
Verse 17

And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and said, Take this, and divide it among yourselves:
took
Psalms 23:5, 116:13, Jeremiah 16:7
gave
19, 9:16, Deuteronomy 8:10, 1 Samuel 9:13, Romans 14:6, 1 Timothy 4:4,5
Verse 18

For I say unto you, I will not drink of the fruit of the vine, until the kingdom of God shall come.
I will not
16, Matthew 26:29, Mark 14:23, 15:23
the fruit
Judges 9:13, Psalms 104:15, Proverbs 31:6,7, Song of Solomon 5:1, Isaiah 24:9-11, 25:6, 55:1, Zechariah 9:15,17, Ephesians 5:18,19
until
9:27, 21:31, Daniel 2:44, Matthew 16:18, Mark 9:1, Acts 2:30-36, Colossians 1:13
Verse 19

And he took bread, and gave thanks, and brake it, and gave unto them, saying, This is my body which is given for you: this do in remembrance of me.
he took
Matthew 26:26-28, Mark 14:22-24, 1 Corinthians 10:16, 11:23-29
gave thanks
17, 24:30, John 6:23, 1 Thessalonians 5:18
is my
20, Genesis 41:26,27, Ezekiel 37:11, Daniel 2:38, 4:22-24, Zechariah 5:7,8, 1 Corinthians 10:4, Galatians 4:25
given
John 6:51, Galatians 1:4, Ephesians 5:2, Titus 2:14, 1 Peter 2:24
this do
Psalms 78:4-6, 111:4, Song of Solomon 1:4, 1 Corinthians 11:24
Verse 20

Likewise also the cup after supper, saying, This cup is the new testament in my blood, which is shed for you.
This
Exodus 24:8, Zechariah 9:11, 1 Corinthians 10:16-21, 11:25, Hebrews 8:6-13, 9:17, 12:24, Hebrews 13:20
Verse 21

But, behold, the hand of him that betrayeth me is with me on the table.
Job 19:19, Psalms 41:9, Micah 7:5,6, Matthew 26:21-23, Mark 14:18, John 13:18,19,21,26
Verse 22

And truly the Son of man goeth, as it was determined: but woe unto that man by whom he is betrayed!
truly
24:25-27,46, Genesis 3:15, Psalms 22:1-31, 69:1-36, Isaiah 53:1-12, Daniel 9:24-26, Zechariah 13:7, Matthew 26:24,53,54, Mark 14:21, Acts 2:23, 4:25-28, 13:27,28, Acts 26:22,23, 1 Corinthians 15:3,4, 1 Peter 1:11
but
Psalms 55:12-15, 69:22-28, 109:6-15, Matthew 27:5, John 17:12, Acts 1:16-25, 2 Peter 2:3
Verse 23

And they began to enquire among themselves, which of them it was that should do this thing.
Matthew 26:22, Mark 14:19, John 13:22-25
Verse 24

And there was also a strife among them, which of them should be accounted the greatest.
9:46, Matthew 20:20-24, Mark 9:34, 10:37-41, Romans 12:10, 1 Corinthians 13:4, Philippians 2:3-5, James 4:5,6, 1 Peter 5:5,6
Verse 25

And he said unto them, The kings of the Gentiles exercise lordship over them; and they that exercise authority upon them are called benefactors.
Matthew 20:25-28, Mark 10:41-45
Verse 26

But ye shall not be so: but he that is greatest among you, let him be as the younger; and he that is chief, as he that doth serve.
9:48, Matthew 18:3-5, 23:8-12, Romans 12:2, 1 Peter 5:3, 3 John 1:9,10
Verse 27

For whether is greater, he that sitteth at meat, or he that serveth? is not he that sitteth at meat? but I am among you as he that serveth.
12:37, 17:7-9, Matthew 20:28, John 13:5-16, 2 Corinthians 8:9, Philippians 2:7,8
Verse 28

Ye are they which have continued with me in my temptations.
Matthew 19:28,29, 24:13, John 6:67,68, 8:31, Acts 1:25, Hebrews 2:18, 4:15
Verse 29

And I appoint unto you a kingdom, as my Father hath appointed unto me;
12:32, 19:17, Matthew 24:47, 25:34, 1 Corinthians 9:25, 2 Corinthians 1:7, 2 Timothy 2:12, James 2:5, 1 Peter 5:4, Revelation 21:14
Verse 30

That ye may eat and drink at my table in my kingdom, and sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel.
eat
16-18, 12:37, 14:15, 2 Samuel 9:9,10, 19:28, Matthew 8:11, Revelation 19:9
and sit
Psalms 49:14, Matthew 19:28, 1 Corinthians 6:2,3, Revelation 2:26,27, 3:21, 4:4; *Gr:
Verse 31

And the Lord said, Simon, Simon, behold, Satan hath desired to have you, that he may sift you as wheat:
Simon
10:41, Acts 9:4
Satan
Job 1:8-11, 2:3-6, Zechariah 3:1, 1 Peter 5:8, Revelation 12:10
sift
Amos 9:9
Verses 31-34

And the Lord said, Simon, Simon, behold, Satan hath desired to have you, that he may sift you as wheat:
Simon
10:41, Acts 9:4
Satan
Job 1:8-11, 2:3-6, Zechariah 3:1, 1 Peter 5:8, Revelation 12:10
sift
Amos 9:9
Verse 32

But I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not: and when thou art converted, strengthen thy brethren.
I have
Zechariah 3:2-4, John 14:19, 17:9-11,15-21, Romans 5:9,10, 8:32,34, Hebrews 7:25, 1 Peter 1:5, 1 John 2:1,2
thy faith
8:13, 2 Timothy 2:18, Titus 1:1, Hebrews 12:15, 1 Peter 1:1, 1 John 2:19
and when
61,62, Matthew 18:3, 26:75, Mark 14:72, 16:7, Acts 3:19
strengthen
Psalms 32:3-6, 51:12,13, John 21:15-17, 2 Corinthians 1:4-6, 1 Timothy 1:13-16, Hebrews 12:12,13, 1 Peter 1:13, 5:8-10, 2 Peter 1:10-12, 3:14,17,18
Verse 33

And he said unto him, Lord, I am ready to go with thee, both into prison, and to death.
I am
2 Kings 8:12,13, Proverbs 28:26, Jeremiah 10:23, 17:9, Matthew 20:22, 26:33-35,40,41, Mark 14:29,31,37,38, John 13:36,37, Acts 20:23,24, 21:13
Verse 34

And he said, I tell thee, Peter, the cock shall not crow this day, before that thou shalt thrice deny that thou knowest me.
the cock
Matthew 26:34,74, Mark 14:30,71,72, John 13:38, 18:27
Verse 35

And he said unto them, When I sent you without purse, and scrip, and shoes, lacked ye any thing? And they said, Nothing.
When
9:3, 10:4, Matthew 10:9,10, Mark 6:8,9
lacked
12:29-31, Genesis 48:15, Deuteronomy 8:2,3,16, Psalms 23:1, 34:9,10, 37:3, Matthew 6:31-33
Verse 36

Then said he unto them, But now, he that hath a purse, let him take it, and likewise his scrip: and he that hath no sword, let him sell his garment, and buy one.
But
Matthew 10:22-25, John 15:20, 16:33, 1 Thessalonians 2:14,15, 3:4, 1 Peter 4:1
Verse 37

For I say unto you, that this that is written must yet be accomplished in me, And he was reckoned among the transgressors: for the things concerning me have an end.
this
22, 18:31, 24:44-46, Matthew 26:54-56, John 10:35, 19:28-30, Acts 13:27-29
And he
23:32, Isaiah 53:12, Mark 15:27,28, 2 Corinthians 5:21, Galatians 3:13
Verse 38

And they said, Lord, behold, here are two swords. And he said unto them, It is enough.
It
Matthew 26:52-54, John 18:36, 2 Corinthians 10:3,4, Ephesians 6:10-18, 1 Thessalonians 5:8, 1 Peter 5:9
Verse 39

And he came out, and went, as he was wont, to the mount of Olives; and his disciples also followed him.
he came
Matthew 26:36-38, Mark 14:32-34, John 18:1,2
as
21:37, Mark 11:11,19, 13:3
Verses 39-46

And he came out, and went, as he was wont, to the mount of Olives; and his disciples also followed him.
he came
Matthew 26:36-38, Mark 14:32-34, John 18:1,2
as
21:37, Mark 11:11,19, 13:3
Verse 40

And when he was at the place, he said unto them, Pray that ye enter not into temptation.
Pray
46, 11:4, 1 Chronicles 4:10, Psalms 17:5, 19:13, 119:116,117,133, Proverbs 30:8,9, Matthew 6:13, 26:41, Mark 14:38, 2 Corinthians 12:7-10, Ephesians 6:18,19, 1 Peter 4:7, 5:8,9, Revelation 3:10
Verse 41

And he was withdrawn from them about a stone's cast, and kneeled down, and prayed,
and kneeled
Matthew 26:39, Mark 14:35
Verse 42

Saying, Father, if thou be willing, remove this cup from me: nevertheless not my will, but thine, be done.
Father
Matthew 26:42,44, Mark 14:36, John 12:27,28
willing, remove
Gr. willing to remove. cup.
17-20, Isaiah 51:17,22, Jeremiah 25:15, Matthew 20:22, John 18:11
not
Psalms 40:8, John 4:34, 5:30, 6:38, Hebrews 10:7-10
Verse 43

And there appeared an angel unto him from heaven, strengthening him.
an
4:10,11, Psalms 91:11,12, Matthew 4:6,11, 26:53, 1 Timothy 3:16, Hebrews 1:6,14
strengthening
32, Deuteronomy 3:28, Job 4:3,4, Daniel 10:16-19, 11:1, Acts 18:23, Hebrews 2:17
Verse 44

And being in an agony he prayed more earnestly: and his sweat was as it were great drops of blood falling down to the ground.
being
Genesis 32:24-28, Psalms 22:1,2,12-21, 40:1-3, 69:14-18, 88:1-18, 130:1,2, Psalms 143:6,7, Lamentations 1:12, 3:53-56, Jonah 2:2,3, John 12:27, Hebrews 5:7
his
Isaiah 53:10, Lamentations 1:12, Romans 8:32
Verse 45

And when he rose up from prayer, and was come to his disciples, he found them sleeping for sorrow,
sleeping
Matthew 26:40,43, Mark 14:37,40,41
Verse 46

And said unto them, Why sleep ye? rise and pray, lest ye enter into temptation.
Why sleep ye
40, 21:34-36, Proverbs 6:4-11, Jonah 1:6
Verse 47

And while he yet spake, behold a multitude, and he that was called Judas, one of the twelve, went before them, and drew near unto Jesus to kiss him.
while
Matthew 26:45-47, Mark 14:41-43, John 18:2-9
Judas
3-6, Matthew 26:14-16,47, Mark 14:10,43, Acts 1:16-18
Verses 47-53

And while he yet spake, behold a multitude, and he that was called Judas, one of the twelve, went before them, and drew near unto Jesus to kiss him.
while
Matthew 26:45-47, Mark 14:41-43, John 18:2-9
Judas
3-6, Matthew 26:14-16,47, Mark 14:10,43, Acts 1:16-18
Verse 48

But Jesus said unto him, Judas, betrayest thou the Son of man with a kiss?
betrayest
2 Samuel 20:9,10, Psalms 55:21, Proverbs 27:6, Matthew 26:48-50, Mark 14:44-46
Verse 50

And one of them smote the servant of the high priest, and cut off his right ear.
Matthew 26:51-54, Mark 14:47, John 18:10,11, Romans 12:19, 2 Corinthians 10:4
Verse 51

And Jesus answered and said, Suffer ye thus far. And he touched his ear, and healed him.
Suffer
John 17:12, 18:8,9
And he
Romans 12:21, 2 Corinthians 10:1, 1 Peter 2:21-23
Verse 52

Then Jesus said unto the chief priests, and captains of the temple, and the elders, which were come to him, Be ye come out, as against a thief, with swords and staves?
Jesus
Matthew 26:55, Mark 14:48,49
captains
4, 2 Kings 11:15, John 17:12, Acts 5:26
Verse 53

When I was daily with you in the temple, ye stretched forth no hands against me: but this is your hour, and the power of darkness.
I was
21:37,38, Matthew 21:12-15,23,45,46, John 7:25,26,30,45
but
Judges 16:21-30, Job 20:5, John 12:27, 16:20-22
the power
John 14:30, Acts 26:18, 2 Corinthians 4:3-6, Ephesians 6:12, Colossians 1:13, Revelation 12:9-12
Verse 54

Then took they him, and led him, and brought him into the high priest's house. And Peter followed afar off.
took
Our blessed Lord before his death passed another examination. One was before the Jewish Sanhedrim, whose proper province it was to try such as were accused as false prophets or blasphemers. This was a kind of ecclesiastical court. The other, with which the next chapter opens, was before Pilate, the Roman governor of Judea at that time; he principally took cognizance of criminal things, such especially as concerned the peace of the country, considered as part of the Roman empire.
Matthew 26:57,58, Mark 14:53,54, John 18:12-17,24
And Peter
33,34, 2 Chronicles 32:31
Verse 55

And when they had kindled a fire in the midst of the hall, and were set down together, Peter sat down among them.
had
44, Matthew 26:69, Mark 14:66, John 18:17,18
Peter
Psalms 1:1, 26:4,5, 28:3, Proverbs 9:6, 13:20, 1 Corinthians 15:33, 2 Corinthians 6:15-17
Verses 55-62

And when they had kindled a fire in the midst of the hall, and were set down together, Peter sat down among them.
had
44, Matthew 26:69, Mark 14:66, John 18:17,18
Peter
Psalms 1:1, 26:4,5, 28:3, Proverbs 9:6, 13:20, 1 Corinthians 15:33, 2 Corinthians 6:15-17
Verse 56

But a certain maid beheld him as he sat by the fire, and earnestly looked upon him, and said, This man was also with him.
a certain maid
Matthew 26:69, Mark 14:6,17,66-68, John 18:17
Verse 57

And he denied him, saying, Woman, I know him not.
he denied
33,34, 12:9, Matthew 10:33, 26:70, John 18:25,27, Acts 3:13,14,19, 2 Timothy 2:10-12, 1 John 1:9
Verse 58

And after a little while another saw him, and said, Thou art also of them. And Peter said, Man, I am not.
another
A maid challenged Peter in the second instance, according to Matthew and Mark; yet here it is said [heteros] another (man) and he also answers to a man. But [heteros] as Wetstein shows, may be, and is in innumerable instances applied to a female; and Matthew says, "she said to them that were there," and Mark, "she began to say to them that stood by." So that the maid gave the information to those around her, and some man charged Peter with it. Probably several joined in the accusation, though he answered to an individual, for John says, "They said unto him," etc.
Matthew 26:71,72, Mark 14:69,70, John 18:25
Verse 59

And about the space of one hour after another confidently affirmed, saying, Of a truth this fellow also was with him: for he is a Galilaean.
confidently
Matthew 26:73,74, Mark 14:69,70, John 18:26,27
Verse 60

And Peter said, Man, I know not what thou sayest. And immediately, while he yet spake, the cock crew.
the cock
34, Matthew 26:74,75, Mark 14:71,72, John 18:27
Verse 61

And the Lord turned, and looked upon Peter. And Peter remembered the word of the Lord, how he had said unto him, Before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice.
turned
10:41, Mark 5:30
looked
Job 33:27, Isaiah 57:15-18, Jeremiah 31:18-20, Hosea 11:8, Acts 5:31
And Peter
Ezekiel 16:63, 36:31,32, Ephesians 2:11, Revelation 2:5
Before
34, Matthew 26:34,75, John 13:38
Verse 62

And Peter went out, and wept bitterly.
and wept
Psalms 38:18, 126:5,6, 130:1-4, 143:1-4, Jeremiah 31:18, Ezekiel 7:16, Zechariah 12:10, Matthew 5:4, 26:75, Mark 14:72, 1 Corinthians 10:12, 2 Corinthians 7:9-11
Verse 63

And the men that held Jesus mocked him, and smote him.
the men
Matthew 26:59-68, Mark 14:55-65, John 18:22
mocked
Job 16:9,10, 30:9-14, Psalms 22:6,7,13, 35:15,16,25, 69:7-12, Isaiah 49:7, Isaiah 50:6,7, 52:14, 53:3, Micah 5:1, Matthew 27:28-31,39-44, Mark 15:16-20, Mark 15:27-32, Hebrews 12:2, 1 Peter 2:23
Verse 64

And when they had blindfolded him, they struck him on the face, and asked him, saying, Prophesy, who is it that smote thee?
blindfolded
Judges 16:21,25
Verse 65

And many other things blasphemously spake they against him.
blasphemously
12:10, Matthew 12:31,32, Acts 26:11, 1 Timothy 1:13,14
Verse 66

And as soon as it was day, the elders of the people and the chief priests and the scribes came together, and led him into their council, saying, 67 Art thou the Christ? tell us. And he said unto them, If I tell you, ye will not believe:
as soon
Matthew 27:1, Mark 15:1
elders
Psalms 2:1-3, Acts 4:25-28, 22:5
Verse 67

And as soon as it was day, the elders of the people and the chief priests and the scribes came together, and led him into their council, saying, 67 Art thou the Christ? tell us. And he said unto them, If I tell you, ye will not believe:
Art
Matthew 11:3-5, 26:63-68, Mark 14:61-66, John 10:24
If
16:31, John 5:39-47, 8:43-45, 9:27,28, 10:25,26, 12:37-43
Verses 67-71

And as soon as it was day, the elders of the people and the chief priests and the scribes came together, and led him into their council, saying, 67 Art thou the Christ? tell us. And he said unto them, If I tell you, ye will not believe:
Art
Matthew 11:3-5, 26:63-68, Mark 14:61-66, John 10:24
If
16:31, John 5:39-47, 8:43-45, 9:27,28, 10:25,26, 12:37-43
Verse 68

And if I also ask you, ye will not answer me, nor let me go.
20:3-7,41-44
Verse 69

Hereafter shall the Son of man sit on the right hand of the power of God.
shall
Matthew 26:64, Mark 14:62
on
Psalms 110:1, Daniel 7:13,14, Matthew 22:44, Mark 16:19, Acts 2:34-36, 7:55,56, Romans 8:34, Ephesians 1:20-23, 4:8-10, Colossians 3:1, Hebrews 1:3, 8:1, 12:2, 1 Peter 3:22, Revelation 3:21, 22:1
Verse 70

Then said they all, Art thou then the Son of God? And he said unto them, Ye say that I am.
the Son
4:41, Psalms 2:7,12, Matthew 3:17, 27:43,54, John 1:34,49, 10:30,36, 19:7
Ye say
23:3, Matthew 26:64, Mark 14:62, 15:2, John 18:37
Verse 71

And they said, What need we any further witness? for we ourselves have heard of his own mouth.
Matthew 26:65,66, Mark 14:63,64

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