Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Luke 23

Introduction

1  Jesus is accused before Pilate, and sent to Herod.
8  Herod mocks him.
12  Herod and Pilate are made friends.
13  Barabbas is desired of the people, and is loosed by Pilate, and Jesus is given to be crucified.
26  He tells the women, that lament him, the destruction of Jerusalem;
34  prays for his enemies.
39  Two evildoers are crucified with him.
46  His death.
50  His burial.
Verse 1

And the whole multitude of them arose, and led him unto Pilate.
22:66, Matthew 27:1,2,11-14, Mark 15:1-5, John 18:28-38
Verses 1-5

And the whole multitude of them arose, and led him unto Pilate.
22:66, Matthew 27:1,2,11-14, Mark 15:1-5, John 18:28-38
Verse 2

And they began to accuse him, saying, We found this fellow perverting the nation, and forbidding to give tribute to Caesar, saying that he himself is Christ a King.
they
Zechariah 11:8, Mark 15:3-5, John 18:30
perverting
5, 1 Kings 18:17, Jeremiah 38:4, Amos 7:10, Acts 16:20,21, 17:6,7, 24:5
forbidding
20:20-25, 1 Kings 21:10-13, Psalms 35:11, 62:4, 64:3-6, Jeremiah 20:10, 37:13-15, Matthew 17:27, 22:21, 26:59,60, Mark 12:17, 14:55,56, Acts 24:13, 1 Peter 3:16-18
that
22:69,70, Mark 14:61,62, John 18:36, 19:12
Verse 3

And Pilate asked him, saying, Art thou the King of the Jews? And he answered him and said, Thou sayest it.
Pilate
Matthew 27:11, Mark 15:2, John 18:33-37, 1 Timothy 6:13
the King
38, 1:32,33, 19:38-40, Mark 15:18,32, John 1:49, 19:3,19-21
he answered
1 Timothy 6:13
Thou sayest it
This was the most solemn mode of affirmation used by the Jews. When the inhabitants of Zippor, inquired whether Rabbi Judah were dead, the son of Kaphra answered, [atun amritun] Ye say.
Verse 4

Then said Pilate to the chief priests and to the people, I find no fault in this man.
I find
14,15, Matthew 27:19,24, Mark 15:14, John 18:38, 19:4-6, Hebrews 7:26, 1 Peter 1:19, 1 Peter 2:22, 3:18
Verse 5

And they were the more fierce, saying, He stirreth up the people, teaching throughout all Jewry, beginning from Galilee to this place.
they
23, 11:53, Psalms 22:12,13,16, 57:4, 69:4, Matthew 27:24, John 19:15, Acts 5:33, Acts 7:54,57, 23:10
beginning
4:14,15, Matthew 4:12-16,23, Mark 1:14, John 1:43, 2:11, 7:41,52, Acts 10:37
Verse 6

When Pilate heard of Galilee, he asked whether the man were a Galilaean.
a Galilean
13:1, Acts 5:37
Verse 7

And as soon as he knew that he belonged unto Herod's jurisdiction, he sent him to Herod, who himself also was at Jerusalem at that time.
Herod's
3:1, 13:31
Verse 8

And when Herod saw Jesus, he was exceeding glad: for he was desirous to see him of a long season, because he had heard many things of him; and he hoped to have seen some miracle done by him.
for
9:7-9, Matthew 14:1, Mark 6:14
and he
4:23, 2 Kings 5:3-6,11, Acts 8:19
Verse 9

Then he questioned with him in many words; but he answered him nothing.
but
13:32, Psalms 38:13,14, 39:1,2,9, Isaiah 53:7, Matthew 7:6, 27:14, Acts 8:32, 1 Peter 2:23
Verse 10

And the chief priests and scribes stood and vehemently accused him.
and vehemently
2,5,14,15, 11:53, Acts 24:5
Verse 11

And Herod with his men of war set him at nought, and mocked him, and arrayed him in a gorgeous robe, and sent him again to Pilate.
Herod
Acts 4:27,28
set
22:64,65, Psalms 22:6, 69:19,20, Isaiah 49:7, 53:3, Matthew 27:27-30, Mark 9:12, Mark 15:16-20
arrayed
John 19:5
Verse 12

And the same day Pilate and Herod were made friends together: for before they were at enmity between themselves.
Psalms 83:4-6, Acts 4:27, Matthew 16:1, Revelation 17:13,14
Verse 13

And Pilate, when he had called together the chief priests and the rulers and the people,
Matthew 27:21-23, Mark 15:14, John 18:38, 19:4
Verses 13-25

And Pilate, when he had called together the chief priests and the rulers and the people,
Matthew 27:21-23, Mark 15:14, John 18:38, 19:4
Verse 14

Said unto them, Ye have brought this man unto me, as one that perverteth the people: and, behold, I, having examined him before you, have found no fault in this man touching those things whereof ye accuse him:
as one
1,2,5
have found
4, Daniel 6:4, Matthew 27:4,19,24,54, Acts 13:28, Hebrews 7:26
Verse 15

No, nor yet Herod: for I sent you to him; and, lo, nothing worthy of death is done unto him.
nothing
Rather, "nothing worthy of death is committed my him;" [prasso autou
Verse 16

I will therefore chastise him, and release him.
Isaiah 53:5, Matthew 27:26, Mark 15:15, John 19:1-4, Acts 5:40,41
Verse 17

(For of necessity he must release one unto them at the feast.)
Matthew 27:15, Mark 15:6, John 18:39
Verse 18

And they cried out all at once, saying, Away with this man, and release unto us Barabbas:
they
Matthew 27:16-23, Mark 15:7-14, John 18:40, Acts 3:14
Away
John 19:15, Acts 21:36, 22:22
Verse 19

(Who for a certain sedition made in the city, and for murder, was cast into prison.)
2,5, Acts 3:14
Verse 20

Pilate therefore, willing to release Jesus, spake again to them.
Matthew 14:8,9, 27:19, Mark 15:15, John 19:12
Verse 21

But they cried, saying, Crucify him, crucify him.
23, Matthew 27:22-25, Mark 15:13, John 19:15
Verse 22

And he said unto them the third time, Why, what evil hath he done? I have found no cause of death in him: I will therefore chastise him, and let him go.
Why
14,20, 1 Peter 1:19, 3:18
I will
Verse 23

And they were instant with loud voices, requiring that he might be crucified. And the voices of them and of the chief priests prevailed.
5, Psalms 22:12,13, 57:4, Zechariah 11:8
Verse 24

And Pilate gave sentence that it should be as they required.
Pilate
Matthew 27:26, Mark 15:15, John 19:1
gave sentence
or, assented.
Exodus 23:2, Proverbs 17:15
it
Exodus 23:2
Verse 25

And he released unto them him that for sedition and murder was cast into prison, whom they had desired; but he delivered Jesus to their will.
for
2,5, Mark 15:7, John 18:40
whom
1 Samuel 12:13, Mark 15:6, Acts 3:14
but
Matthew 27:26, Mark 15:15
Verse 26

And as they led him away, they laid hold upon one Simon, a Cyrenian, coming out of the country, and on him they laid the cross, that he might bear it after Jesus.
they laid
Matthew 27:32-44, Mark 15:21-32, John 19:16
a Cyrenian
Acts 2:10, 6:6,9, 13:1
that
9:23, 14:27
Verses 26-43

And as they led him away, they laid hold upon one Simon, a Cyrenian, coming out of the country, and on him they laid the cross, that he might bear it after Jesus.
they laid
Matthew 27:32-44, Mark 15:21-32, John 19:16
a Cyrenian
Acts 2:10, 6:6,9, 13:1
that
9:23, 14:27
Verse 27

And there followed him a great company of people, and of women, which also bewailed and lamented him.
and of
55, 8:2, Matthew 27:55, Mark 15:40
Verse 28

But Jesus turning unto them said, Daughters of Jerusalem, weep not for me, but weep for yourselves, and for your children.
daughters
Song of Solomon 1:5, 2:7, 3:5,10, 5:8,16, 8:4
Verse 29

For, behold, the days are coming, in the which they shall say, Blessed are the barren, and the wombs that never bare, and the paps which never gave suck.
the days
Our Lord here refers to the destruction of Jerusalem, and the final desolation of the Jewish state; an evil associated with so many miseries, that sterility, which had otherwise been considered an opprobrium, was accounted a circumstance most felicitous. No history can furnish us with a parallel to the calamities and miseries of the Jews; rapine and murder, famine and pestilence, within; fire and sword, and all the terrors of war, without. Our Saviour himself wept at the foresight of these calamities; and it is almost impossible for persons of any humanity to read the relation of them in Josephus without weeping also. He might justly affirm, "if the misfortunes of all, from the beginning of the world, were compared with those of the Jews, they would appear much inferior in the comparison."
21:23,24, Matthew 24:19, Mark 13:17-19
Blessed
Deuteronomy 28:53-57, Hosea 9:12-16, 13:16
Verse 30

Then shall they begin to say to the mountains, Fall on us; and to the hills, Cover us.
Isaiah 2:19, Hosea 10:8, Revelation 6:16, 9:6
Verse 31

For if they do these things in a green tree, what shall be done in the dry?
Proverbs 11:31, Jeremiah 25:29, Ezekiel 15:2-7, 20:47,48, 21:3,4, Daniel 9:26, Matthew 3:12, John 15:6, Hebrews 6:8, 1 Peter 4:17,18, Jude 1:12
Verse 32

And there were also two other, malefactors, led with him to be put to death.
22:37, Isaiah 53:12, Matthew 27:38, Mark 15:27,28, John 19:18, Hebrews 12:2
Verse 33

And when they were come to the place, which is called Calvary, there they crucified him, and the malefactors, one on the right hand, and the other on the left.
when
Matthew 27:33,34, Mark 15:22,23, John 19:17,18, Hebrews 13:12,13
Calvary
or, the place of a skull. they crucified.
24:7, Deuteronomy 21:23, Psalms 22:16, Zechariah 12:10, Matthew 20:19, 26:2, Mark 10:33,34, John 3:14, 12:33,34, 18:32, Acts 2:23, 5:30, 13:29, Galatians 3:13, 1 Peter 2:24
Verse 34

Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. And they parted his raiment, and cast lots.
Father
47,48, 6:27,28, Genesis 50:17, Psalms 106:16-23, Matthew 5:44, Acts 7:60, Romans 12:14, 1 Corinthians 4:12, 1 Peter 2:20-23, 3:9
they know not
12:47,48, John 15:22-24, 19:11, Acts 3:17, 1 Corinthians 2:8, 1 Timothy 1:13
And they
Psalms 22:18, Matthew 27:35,36, Mark 15:24, John 19:23,24
Verse 35

And the people stood beholding. And the rulers also with them derided him, saying, He saved others; let him save himself, if he be Christ, the chosen of God.
the people
Psalms 22:12,13,17, Zechariah 12:10, Matthew 27:38-43, Mark 15:29-32
derided
16:14, Genesis 37:19,20, Psalms 4:2, 35:15,19-25, 69:7-12,26, 71:11, Isaiah 49:7, Isaiah 53:3, Lamentations 3:14
Christ
22:67-70, Psalms 22:6-8, Isaiah 42:1, Matthew 3:17, 12:18, 1 Peter 2:4
Verse 36

And the soldiers also mocked him, coming to him, and offering him vinegar,
11, Psalms 69:21, Matthew 27:29,30,34,48, Mark 15:19,20,36, John 19:28-30
Verse 38

And a superscription also was written over him in letters of Greek, and Latin, and Hebrew, THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.
3, Matthew 27:11,37, Mark 15:18,26,32, John 19:3,19-22
Verse 39

And one of the malefactors which were hanged railed on him, saying, If thou be Christ, save thyself and us.
17:34-36, Matthew 27:44, Mark 15:32
Verse 40

But the other answering rebuked him, saying, Dost not thou fear God, seeing thou art in the same condemnation?
rebuked
Leviticus 19:17, Ephesians 5:11
Dost
12:5, Psalms 36:1, Revelation 15:4
seeing
2 Chronicles 28:22, Jeremiah 5:3, Revelation 16:11
Verse 41

And we indeed justly; for we receive the due reward of our deeds: but this man hath done nothing amiss.
we indeed
15:18,19, Leviticus 26:40,41, Joshua 7:19,20, 2 Chronicles 33:12, Ezra 9:13, Nehemiah 9:3, Daniel 9:4, James 4:7, 1 John 1:8,9
but
41, 22:69,70, Matthew 27:4,19,24,54, 1 Peter 1:19
Verse 42

And he said unto Jesus, Lord, remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom.
Lord
18:13, Psalms 106:4,5, John 20:28, Acts 16:31, 20:21, Romans 10:9-14, 1 Corinthians 6:10,11, 1 Peter 2:6,7, 1 John 5:1,11-13
when
12:8, John 1:49, Romans 10:9,10
thy
24:26, Psalms 2:6, Isaiah 9:6,7, 53:10-12, Daniel 7:13,14, 1 Peter 1:11
Verse 43

And Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be with me in paradise.
To day
15:4,5,20-24, 19:10, Job 33:27-30, Psalms 32:5, 50:15, Isaiah 1:18,19, Isaiah 53:11, 55:6-9, 65:24, Micah 7:18, Matthew 20:15,16, Romans 5:20,21, 1 Timothy 1:15,16, Hebrews 7:25
with
John 14:3, 17:24, 2 Corinthians 5:8, Philippians 1:23
in
2 Corinthians 12:4, Revelation 2:7
Verse 44

And it was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour.
it
Matthew 27:45, Mark 15:33
there
Exodus 10:21-23, Psalms 105:28, Joel 2:31, Amos 5:18, 8:9, Habakkuk 3:8-11, Acts 2:20
earth
or, land.
Verses 44-49

And it was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour.
it
Matthew 27:45, Mark 15:33
there
Exodus 10:21-23, Psalms 105:28, Joel 2:31, Amos 5:18, 8:9, Habakkuk 3:8-11, Acts 2:20
earth
or, land.
Verse 45

And the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst.
and the veil
Exodus 26:31, Leviticus 16:12-16, 2 Chronicles 3:14, Matthew 27:51, Mark 15:38, Ephesians 2:14-18, Hebrews 6:19, 9:3-8, 10:19-22
Verse 46

And when Jesus had cried with a loud voice, he said, Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit: and having said thus, he gave up the ghost.
cried
Matthew 27:46-49, Mark 15:34-36
Father
Psalms 31:5, Acts 7:59, 1 Peter 2:23
having
Matthew 27:50-56, Mark 15:37-41, John 19:30
Verse 47

Now when the centurion saw what was done, he glorified God, saying, Certainly this was a righteous man.
he
41, Matthew 27:54, Mark 15:39, John 19:7
Verse 48

And all the people that came together to that sight, beholding the things which were done, smote their breasts, and returned.
smote
18:13, Jeremiah 31:19, Acts 2:37
Verse 49

And all his acquaintance, and the women that followed him from Galilee, stood afar off, beholding these things.
acquaintance
Job 19:13, Psalms 38:11, 88:18, 142:4
the women
27,55, 8:2, Matthew 27:55,56,61, Mark 15:40,41,47, John 19:21-27
Verse 50

And, behold, there was a man named Joseph, a counsellor; and he was a good man, and a just:
there
Matthew 27:57,58, Mark 15:42-45, John 19:38
a good
2:25, Acts 10:2,22, 11:24
Verses 50-56

And, behold, there was a man named Joseph, a counsellor; and he was a good man, and a just:
there
Matthew 27:57,58, Mark 15:42-45, John 19:38
a good
2:25, Acts 10:2,22, 11:24
Verse 51

(The same had not consented to the counsel and deed of them;) he was of Arimathaea, a city of the Jews: who also himself waited for the kingdom of God.
had not
Genesis 37:21,22, 42:21,22, Exodus 23:2, Proverbs 1:10, Isaiah 8:12
Arimathea
1 Samuel 1:1
waited
42, 2:25,38, Genesis 49:18, Mark 15:43
Verse 52

This man went unto Pilate, and begged the body of Jesus.
John 19:38-42
Verse 53

And he took it down, and wrapped it in linen, and laid it in a sepulchre that was hewn in stone, wherein never man before was laid.
Isaiah 53:9, Matthew 27:59,60, Mark 15:46
Verse 54

And that day was the preparation, and the sabbath drew on.
Matthew 27:62, John 19:14,31,42
Verse 55

And the women also, which came with him from Galilee, followed after, and beheld the sepulchre, and how his body was laid.
49, 8:2, Matthew 27:61, Mark 15:47
Verse 56

And they returned, and prepared spices and ointments; and rested the sabbath day according to the commandment.
prepared
24:1, 2 Chronicles 16:14, Mark 16:1
rested
Exodus 20:8-10, 31:14, 35:2,3, Isaiah 58:13,14, Jeremiah 17:24,25

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