Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Matthew 21

Introduction

1  Christ rides into Jerusalem upon an ass;
12  drives the buyers and sellers out of the temple;
17  curses the fig-tree;
23  puts to silence the priests and elders,
28  and rebukes them by the similitude of the two sons,
33  and the husbandmen who slew such as were sent to them.
Verse 1

And when they drew nigh unto Jerusalem, and were come to Bethphage, unto the mount of Olives, then sent Jesus two disciples,
when
Mark 11:1, Luke 19:28
Bethphage
Bethphage was a village on the declivity of Mount Olivet, and somewhat nearer to Jerusalem than Bethany.
the mount
24:3, 26:30, Zechariah 14:4, Luke 19:37, 21:37, John 8:1, Acts 1:12
Verses 1-9

And when they drew nigh unto Jerusalem, and were come to Bethphage, unto the mount of Olives, then sent Jesus two disciples,
when
Mark 11:1, Luke 19:28
Bethphage
Bethphage was a village on the declivity of Mount Olivet, and somewhat nearer to Jerusalem than Bethany.
the mount
24:3, 26:30, Zechariah 14:4, Luke 19:37, 21:37, John 8:1, Acts 1:12
Verse 2

Saying unto them, Go into the village over against you, and straightway ye shall find an ass tied, and a colt with her: loose them, and bring them unto me.
26:18, Mark 11:2,3, 14:13-16, Luke 19:30-32, John 2:5-8
Verse 3

And if any man say ought unto you, ye shall say, The Lord hath need of them; and straightway he will send them.
The Lord
1 Chronicles 29:14-16, Psalms 24:1, 50:10,11, Haggai 2:8,9, John 3:35, 17:2, Acts 17:25, 2 Corinthians 8:9
straightway
1 Samuel 10:26, 1 Kings 17:9, Ezra 1:1,5, 7:27, 2 Corinthians 8:1,2,16, James 1:17
Verse 4

All this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, saying,
this
1:22, 26:56, John 19:36,37
saying
Zechariah 9:9, John 12:15
Verse 5

Tell ye the daughter of Sion, Behold, thy King cometh unto thee, meek, and sitting upon an ass, and a colt the foal of an ass.
the daughter
Psalms 9:14, Isaiah 12:6, 40:9, 62:11, Zephaniah 3:14,15, Mark 11:4-11
thy King
2:2,6, Genesis 49:10, Numbers 24:19, Psalms 2:6-12, 45:1-17, 72:1-20, Psalms 110:1-4, Isaiah 9:6,7, Jeremiah 23:5,6, Ezekiel 34:24, 37:24, Daniel 2:44,45, Daniel 7:13,14, Micah 5:2, Zechariah 6:12,13, John 1:49, 19:15-22
meek
11:29, 12:19,20, 2 Corinthians 10:1, Philippians 2:3-5
sitting
Deuteronomy 17:16, Judges 5:10, 12:14, 2 Samuel 16:2, 1 Kings 1:33, 10:26, Hosea 1:7, Micah 5:10,11, Zechariah 9:10
Verse 6

And the disciples went, and did as Jesus commanded them,
and did
Genesis 6:22, 12:4, Exodus 39:43, 40:16, 1 Samuel 15:11, John 15:14
Verse 7

And brought the ass, and the colt, and put on them their clothes, and they set him thereon.
brought
Mark 11:4-8, Luke 19:32-35
put
2 Kings 9:13
Verse 8

And a very great multitude spread their garments in the way; others cut down branches from the trees, and strawed them in the way.
others
Leviticus 23:40, John 12:13
Verse 9

And the multitudes that went before, and that followed, cried, saying, Hosanna to the Son of David: Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord; Hosanna in the highest.
Hosanna
15, Psalms 118:24-26, Mark 11:9,10
Blessed
23:39, Luke 19:37,38, John 12:13-15
in the highest
Luke 2:14
Verse 10

And when he was come into Jerusalem, all the city was moved, saying, Who is this?
all
2:3, Ruth 1:19, 1 Samuel 16:4, John 12:16-19
Who
Song of Solomon 3:6, Isaiah 63:1, Luke 5:21, 7:49, 9:9, 20:2, John 2:18, Acts 9:5
Verses 10-19

And when he was come into Jerusalem, all the city was moved, saying, Who is this?
all
2:3, Ruth 1:19, 1 Samuel 16:4, John 12:16-19
Who
Song of Solomon 3:6, Isaiah 63:1, Luke 5:21, 7:49, 9:9, 20:2, John 2:18, Acts 9:5
Verse 11

And the multitude said, This is Jesus the prophet of Nazareth of Galilee.
This
16:13,14, Deuteronomy 18:15-19, Luke 7:16, John 7:40, 9:17, Acts 3:22,23, 7:37
of Nazareth
2:23, John 1:45,46, 6:14
Verse 12

And Jesus went into the temple of God, and cast out all them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves,
went
Malachi 3:1,2, Mark 11:11
and cast
Mark 11:15, Luke 19:45,46, John 2:14-17
money-changers
Deuteronomy 14:24-26
doves
Leviticus 1:14, 5:7,11, 12:6,8, 14:22,30, 15:14,29, Luke 2:24
Verse 13

And said unto them, It is written, My house shall be called the house of prayer; but ye have made it a den of thieves.
It is
2:5, John 15:25
My
Psalms 93:5, Isaiah 56:7
ye
Jeremiah 7:11, Mark 11:17, Luke 19:46
Verse 14

And the blind and the lame came to him in the temple; and he healed them.
9:35, 11:4,5, Isaiah 35:5, Acts 3:1-9, 10:38
Verse 15

And when the chief priests and scribes saw the wonderful things that he did, and the children crying in the temple, and saying, Hosanna to the Son of David; they were sore displeased,
when
23, 26:3,59, 27:1,20, Isaiah 26:11, Mark 11:18, Luke 19:39,40, 20:1, 22:2,66, John 11:47-49,57, 12:19
Hosanna
9, 22:42, John 7:42
they were
John 4:1
Verse 16

And said unto him, Hearest thou what these say? And Jesus saith unto them, Yea; have ye never read, Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings thou hast perfected praise?
Hearest
Luke 19:39,40, John 11:47,48, Acts 4:16-18
have
12:3, 19:4, 22:31, Mark 2:25
Out
11:25, Psalms 8:2
Verse 17

And he left them, and went out of the city into Bethany; and he lodged there.
he left
16:4, Jeremiah 6:8, Hosea 9:12, Mark 3:7, Luke 8:37,38
Bethany
Bethany was a village to the east of the mount of Olives, on the road to Jericho; fifteen stadia, (Joh. 11:18) or nearly two miles, as Jerome states, from Jerusalem. This village is now small and poor, and the cultivation of the soil around it is much neglected; but it is a pleasant, romantic spot, shaded by the mount of Olives, and abounding in vines and long grass. It consists of from thirty to forty dwellings inhabited by about 600 Mohammedans, for whose use there is a neat little mosque standing on an eminence. Here they shew the ruins of a sort of castle as the house of Lazarus, and a grotto as his tomb; and the house of Simon the leper, of Mary Magdalene and of Martha, and the identical tree which our Lord cursed, are among the monkish curiosities of the place.
Mark 11:11,19, Luke 10:38, John 11:1,18, 12:1-3
Verse 18

Now in the morning as he returned into the city, he hungered.
in
Mark 11:12,13
he hungered
4:2, 12:1, Luke 4:2, Hebrews 4:15
Verse 19

And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon, but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away.
fig-tree
Gr. one fig-tree. and found
Isaiah 5:4,5, Luke 3:9, 13:6-9, John 15:2,6, 2 Timothy 3:5, Titus 1:16
Let
Mark 11:14, Luke 19:42-44, Hebrews 6:7,8, 2 Peter 2:20-22, Revelation 22:11
the fig-tree
Jude 1:12
Verse 20

And when the disciples saw it, they marvelled, saying, How soon is the fig tree withered away!
How
Isaiah 40:6-8, Mark 11:20,21, James 1:10,11
Verses 20-22

And when the disciples saw it, they marvelled, saying, How soon is the fig tree withered away!
How
Isaiah 40:6-8, Mark 11:20,21, James 1:10,11
Verse 21

Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done.
If ye have
17:20, Mark 11:22,23, Luke 17:6,7, Romans 4:19,20, 1 Corinthians 13:2, James 1:6
Be thou removed
8:12
Verse 22

And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive.
7:7,11, 18:19, Mark 11:24, Luke 11:8-10, John 14:13, 15:7, 16:24, James 5:16, 1 John 3:22, 5:14,15
Verse 23

And when he was come into the temple, the chief priests and the elders of the people came unto him as he was teaching, and said, By what authority doest thou these things? and who gave thee this authority?
when
Mark 11:27,28, Luke 19:47,48, 20:1,2
the chief priests
1 Chronicles 24:1-19
By what
Exodus 2:14, Acts 4:7, 7:27
Verses 23-27

And when he was come into the temple, the chief priests and the elders of the people came unto him as he was teaching, and said, By what authority doest thou these things? and who gave thee this authority?
when
Mark 11:27,28, Luke 19:47,48, 20:1,2
the chief priests
1 Chronicles 24:1-19
By what
Exodus 2:14, Acts 4:7, 7:27
Verse 24

And Jesus answered and said unto them, I also will ask you one thing, which if ye tell me, I in like wise will tell you by what authority I do these things.
I also
10:16, Proverbs 26:4,5, Luke 6:9, Colossians 4:6
Verse 25

The baptism of John, whence was it? from heaven, or of men? And they reasoned with themselves, saying, If we shall say, From heaven; he will say unto us, Why did ye not then believe him?
baptism
3:1-12, 11:7-15, 17:12,13, Mark 1:1-11, 11:27-33, Luke 1:11-17,67-80, Luke 3:2-20, 7:28-35, John 1:6,15,25-34, 3:26-36
Why
Luke 20:5, John 3:18, 5:33-36,44-47, 10:25,26, 12:37-43, 1 John 3:20
Verse 26

But if we shall say, Of men; we fear the people; for all hold John as a prophet.
we fear
46, 14:5, Isaiah 57:11, Mark 11:32, 12:12, Luke 20:6,19, 22:2, John 9:22, Acts 5:26
for
Mark 6:20, John 5:35, 10:41,42
Verse 27

And they answered Jesus, and said, We cannot tell. And he said unto them, Neither tell I you by what authority I do these things.
We cannot tell
15:14, 16:3, 23:16-28, Isaiah 6:10, 28:9, 29:10-12, 42:19,20, 56:10,11, Jeremiah 8:7-9, Malachi 2:6-9, Luke 20:7,8, John 9:30,40,41, Romans 1:18-22,28, 2 Corinthians 4:3, 2 Thessalonians 2:9,10
Verse 28

But what think ye? A certain man had two sons; and he came to the first, and said, Son, go work to day in my vineyard.
what
17:25, 22:17, Luke 13:4, 1 Corinthians 10:15
A certain
Luke 15:11-32
Son
20:5-7, Mark 13:34, 1 Corinthians 15:58
Verse 29

He answered and said, I will not: but afterward he repented, and went.
I will not
31, Jeremiah 44:16, Ephesians 4:17-19
he repented
3:2-8, 2 Chronicles 33:10-19, Isaiah 1:16-19, 55:6,7, Ezekiel 18:28-32, Daniel 4:34-37, Jonah 3:2,8-10, Luke 15:17,18, Acts 26:20, 1 Corinthians 6:11, Ephesians 2:1-13
Verse 30

And he came to the second, and said likewise. And he answered and said, I go, sir: and went not.
I go
23:3, Ezekiel 33:31, Romans 2:17-25, Titus 1:16
Verse 31

Whether of them twain did the will of his father? They say unto him, The first. Jesus saith unto them, Verily I say unto you, That the publicans and the harlots go into the kingdom of God before you.
did
7:21, 12:50, Ezekiel 33:11, Luke 15:10, Acts 17:30, 2 Peter 3:9
The first
2 Samuel 12:5-7, Job 15:6, Luke 7:40-42, 19:22, Romans 3:19
Verily
5:18, 6:5, 18:3
the publicans
9:9, 20:16, Luke 7:29,37-50, 15:1,2, 19:9,10, Romans 5:20, 9:30-33, 1 Timothy 1:13-16
Verse 32

For John came unto you in the way of righteousness, and ye believed him not: but the publicans and the harlots believed him: and ye, when ye had seen it, repented not afterward, that ye might believe him.
came
3:1-8, Isaiah 35:8, Jeremiah 6:16, Luke 3:8-13, 2 Peter 2:21
and ye believed
25, 11:18, Luke 7:29,30, John 5:33-36, Acts 13:25-29
the publicans
Luke 7:37-50
repented
Psalms 81:11,12, Zechariah 7:11,12, John 5:37-40, 2 Timothy 2:25, Hebrews 3:12, 6:6-8, Revelation 2:21
Verse 33

Hear another parable: There was a certain householder, which planted a vineyard, and hedged it round about, and digged a winepress in it, and built a tower, and let it out to husbandmen, and went into a far country:
Hear
In this parable, in its primary sense, the householder denotes the Supreme Being; the family, the Jewish nation; the vineyard, Jerusalem; the fence, the Divine protection; the wine-press, the law and sacrificial rites; the tower, the temple; and the husbandmen, the priests and doctors of the law.
13:18, 1 Kings 22:19, Isaiah 1:10, Jeremiah 19:3, Hosea 4:1
There
Psalms 80:8-16, Song of Solomon 8:11,12, Isaiah 5:1-4, Jeremiah 2:21, Mark 12:1, Luke 20:9-18, John 15:1
husbandmen
23:2, Deuteronomy 1:15-17, 16:18, 17:9-12, 33:8-10, Malachi 2:4-9
went
25:14,15, Mark 13:34, Luke 19:12
Verses 33-46

Hear another parable: There was a certain householder, which planted a vineyard, and hedged it round about, and digged a winepress in it, and built a tower, and let it out to husbandmen, and went into a far country:
Hear
In this parable, in its primary sense, the householder denotes the Supreme Being; the family, the Jewish nation; the vineyard, Jerusalem; the fence, the Divine protection; the wine-press, the law and sacrificial rites; the tower, the temple; and the husbandmen, the priests and doctors of the law.
13:18, 1 Kings 22:19, Isaiah 1:10, Jeremiah 19:3, Hosea 4:1
There
Psalms 80:8-16, Song of Solomon 8:11,12, Isaiah 5:1-4, Jeremiah 2:21, Mark 12:1, Luke 20:9-18, John 15:1
husbandmen
23:2, Deuteronomy 1:15-17, 16:18, 17:9-12, 33:8-10, Malachi 2:4-9
went
25:14,15, Mark 13:34, Luke 19:12
Verse 34

And when the time of the fruit drew near, he sent his servants to the husbandmen, that they might receive the fruits of it.
he sent
2 Kings 17:13,14-23, 2 Chronicles 36:15,16, Nehemiah 9:29,30, Jeremiah 25:3-7, 35:15, Zechariah 1:3-6, 7:9-13, Mark 12:2-5, Luke 20:10-19
that
Song of Solomon 8:11,12, Isaiah 5:4
Verse 35

And the husbandmen took his servants, and beat one, and killed another, and stoned another.
5:12, 23:31-37, 1 Kings 18:4,13, 19:2,10, 22:24, 2 Chronicles 16:10, 24:21,22, 2 Chronicles 36:15,16, Nehemiah 9:26, Jeremiah 2:30, 25:3-7, 26:21-24, Luke 13:33,34, Acts 7:52, 1 Thessalonians 2:15,16, Hebrews 11:36,37, Revelation 6:9
Verse 37

But last of all he sent unto them his son, saying, They will reverence my son.
last
3:17, Mark 12:6, Luke 20:13, John 1:18,34, 3:16,35,36, Hebrews 1:1,2
They
Isaiah 5:4, Jeremiah 36:3, Zephaniah 3:7
Verse 38

But when the husbandmen saw the son, they said among themselves, This is the heir; come, let us kill him, and let us seize on his inheritance.
This
2:13-16, 26:3,4, 27:1,2, Genesis 37:18-20, Psalms 2:2-8, Mark 12:7,8, Luke 20:14, John 11:47-53, Acts 4:27,28, 5:24-28
Verse 39

And they caught him, and cast him out of the vineyard, and slew him.
caught
26:50,57, Mark 14:46-53, Luke 22:52-54, John 18:12,24, Acts 2:23, 4:25-27
cast
Hebrews 13:11-13
slew
Acts 2:23, 3:14,15, 4:10, 5:30, 7:52, James 5:6
Verse 40

When the lord therefore of the vineyard cometh, what will he do unto those husbandmen?
what
Mark 12:9, Luke 20:15,16, Hebrews 10:29
Verse 41

They say unto him, He will miserably destroy those wicked men, and will let out his vineyard unto other husbandmen, which shall render him the fruits in their seasons.
they say
Our Lord here causes them to pass that sentence of destruction upon themselves which was literally executed about forty years afterwards by the Roman armies.
He will
3:12, 22:6,7, 23:35-38, 24:21,22, Leviticus 26:14-46, Deuteronomy 28:59-68, Psalms 2:4,5,9, Isaiah 5:5-7, Daniel 9:26, Zechariah 11:8-10, 12:12, 13:8, 14:2,3, Malachi 4:1-6, Luke 17:32-37, 19:41-44, 21:22-24, 1 Thessalonians 2:16, Hebrews 2:3, 12:25
and will let out
43, 8:11, Isaiah 49:5-7, 65:15, 66:19-21, Luke 13:28,29, 14:23,24, 21:24, Acts 13:46-48, 15:7, 18:6, 28:8, Romans 9:1-11, 15:9-18
Verse 42

Jesus saith unto them, Did ye never read in the scriptures, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner: this is the Lord's doing, and it is marvellous in our eyes?
Did
The stone
Psalms 118:22,23, Isaiah 28:16, Zechariah 3:8,9, Mark 12:10,11, Luke 20:17,18, Acts 4:11, Romans 9:33, Ephesians 2:20, 1 Peter 2:4-8
and it is
Habakkuk 1:5, Acts 13:40,41, Ephesians 3:3-9
Verse 43

Therefore say I unto you, The kingdom of God shall be taken from you, and given to a nation bringing forth the fruits thereof.
The kingdom
41, 8:11,12, 12:28, Isaiah 28:2, Luke 17:20,21, John 3:3,5
a nation
Exodus 19:6, Isaiah 26:2, 1 Corinthians 13:2, 1 Peter 2:9
Verse 44

And whosoever shall fall on this stone shall be broken: but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder.
whosoever
Psalms 2:12, Isaiah 8:14,15, 60:12, Zechariah 12:3, Luke 20:18, Romans 9:33, 2 Corinthians 4:3,4, 1 Peter 2:8
but
26:24, 27:25, Psalms 2:9, 21:8,9, 110:5,6, Daniel 2:34,35,44,45, John 19:11, 1 Thessalonians 2:16, Hebrews 2:2,3
Verse 45

And when the chief priests and Pharisees had heard his parables, they perceived that he spake of them.
they
12:12, Luke 11:45, 20:19
Verse 46

But when they sought to lay hands on him, they feared the multitude, because they took him for a prophet.
they sought
2 Samuel 12:7-13, Proverbs 9:7-9, 15:12, Isaiah 29:1, John 7:7
because
11, Luke 7:16,39, John 7:40,41, Acts 2:22

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