Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Matthew 22

Introduction

1  The parable of the marriage of the king's son.
9  The vocation of the Gentiles.
12  The punishment of him that wanted the wedding garment.
15  Tribute ought to be paid to Caesar.
23  Christ confutes the Sadducees for the resurrection;
34  answers the lawyer, which is the first and great commandment;
41  and puzzles the Pharisees by a question about the Messias.
Verse 1

And Jesus answered and spake unto them again by parables, and said,
9:15-17, 12:43-45, 13:3-11, 20:1-16, 21:28-46, Mark 4:33,34, Luke 8:10, Luke 14:16
Verse 2

The kingdom of heaven is like unto a certain king, which made a marriage for his son,
kingdom
13:24,31-33,44-47, 25:1,14
which
25:1-13, Psalms 45:10-16, John 3:29,30, 2 Corinthians 11:2, Ephesians 5:24-32, Revelation 19:7-9
Verse 3

And sent forth his servants to call them that were bidden to the wedding: and they would not come.
sent
3:2, 10:6,7, Psalms 68:11, Proverbs 9:1-3, Isaiah 55:1,2, Jeremiah 25:4, 35:15, Mark 6:7-11, Luke 9:1-6, 14:15-17, Revelation 22:17
that
1 Samuel 9:13, Zephaniah 1:7
and they would not
23:37, Psalms 81:10-12, Proverbs 1:24-32, Isaiah 30:15, Jeremiah 6:16,17, Hosea 11:2,7, Luke 13:34, 15:28, 19:27, John 5:40, Acts 13:45, Romans 10:21, Hebrews 12:25
Verse 4

Again, he sent forth other servants, saying, Tell them which are bidden, Behold, I have prepared my dinner: my oxen and my fatlings are killed, and all things are ready: come unto the marriage.
other
Luke 10:1-16, 24:46,47, Acts 1:8, 11:19,20, 13:46, 28:17-31
Behold
Proverbs 9:1,2, Song of Solomon 5:1, John 6:50-57, Romans 8:32, 1 Corinthians 5:7,8
and all
8, Nehemiah 9:17, Psalms 86:5, Luke 14:17
Verse 5

But they made light of it, and went their ways, one to his farm, another to his merchandise:
they
Genesis 19:14, 25:34, Psalms 106:24,25, Proverbs 1:7,24,25, Acts 2:13, 24:25, Romans 2:4, Hebrews 2:3
one
13:22, 24:38,39, Luke 14:18-20, 17:26-32, Romans 8:6, 1 Timothy 6:9,10, 2 Timothy 3:4, 1 John 2:15,16
Verse 6

And the remnant took his servants, and entreated them spitefully, and slew them.
the remnant
5:10-12, 10:12-18,22-25, 21:35-39, 23:34-37, John 15:19,20, 16:2,3, Acts 4:1-3, 5:40,41, 7:51-57, 8:1, 1 Thessalonians 2:14,15
Verse 7

But when the king heard thereof, he was wroth: and he sent forth his armies, and destroyed those murderers, and burned up their city.
he was
21:40,41, Daniel 9:26, Zechariah 14:1,2, Luke 19:27,42-44, 21:21,24, 1 Thessalonians 2:16, 1 Peter 4:17,18
his
Deuteronomy 28:49-68, Isaiah 10:5-7, 13:2-5, Jeremiah 51:20-23, Joel 2:11,25, 3:2, Luke 19:27
Verse 8

Then saith he to his servants, The wedding is ready, but they which were bidden were not worthy.
The wedding
but
10:11-13,37,38, Luke 20:35, 21:36, Acts 13:46, 2 Thessalonians 1:5, Revelation 3:4, 22:14
Verse 9

Go ye therefore into the highways, and as many as ye shall find, bid to the marriage.
Proverbs 1:20-23, 8:1-5, 9:4-6, Isaiah 55:1-3,6,7, Mark 16:15,16, Luke 14:21-24, Luke 24:47, Acts 13:47, Ephesians 3:8, Revelation 22:17
Verse 10

So those servants went out into the highways, and gathered together all as many as they found, both bad and good: and the wedding was furnished with guests.
both
11,12, 13:38,47,48, 25:1,2, 1 Corinthians 6:9-11, 2 Corinthians 12:21, 1 John 2:19, Revelation 2:14,15,20-23
and the
25:10, Revelation 5:9, 7:9, 19:6-9
Verse 11

And when the king came in to see the guests, he saw there a man which had not on a wedding garment:
when
3:12, 13:30, 25:31,32, Zephaniah 1:12, 1 Corinthians 4:5, Hebrews 4:12,13, Revelation 2:23
which
2 Kings 10:22, Psalms 45:13,14, Isaiah 52:1, 61:3-10, 64:6, Zechariah 3:3,4, Lamentations 5:22, Romans 3:22, 13:14, Galatians 3:27, 2 Corinthians 5:3, Ephesians 4:24, Colossians 3:10,11, Revelation 3:4,5,18, Revelation 16:15, 19:8
Verse 12

And he saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding garment? And he was speechless.
Friend
20:13, 26:50
how
5:20, Acts 5:2-11, 8:20-23, 1 Corinthians 4:5
And he was
1 Samuel 2:9, Job 5:16, Psalms 107:42, Jeremiah 2:23,26, Romans 3:19, Titus 3:11
Verse 13

Then said the king to the servants, Bind him hand and foot, and take him away, and cast him into outer darkness; there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.
Bind
12:29, 13:30, Isaiah 52:1, Daniel 3:20, John 21:18, Acts 21:11, Revelation 21:27
outer
8:12, 25:30, 2 Thessalonians 1:9, 2 Peter 2:4,17, Jude 1:6,13
there
13:42,50, 24:51, Psalms 37:12, 112:10, Luke 13:28, Acts 7:54
Verse 14

For many are called, but few are chosen.
7:13,14, 20:16, Luke 13:23,24
Verse 15

Then went the Pharisees, and took counsel how they might entangle him in his talk.
went
Psalms 2:2, Mark 12:13-17, Luke 20:20-26
how
Psalms 41:6, 56:5-7, 57:6, 59:3, Isaiah 29:21, Jeremiah 18:18, 20:10, Luke 11:53,54, Hebrews 12:3
Verses 15-22

Then went the Pharisees, and took counsel how they might entangle him in his talk.
went
Psalms 2:2, Mark 12:13-17, Luke 20:20-26
how
Psalms 41:6, 56:5-7, 57:6, 59:3, Isaiah 29:21, Jeremiah 18:18, 20:10, Luke 11:53,54, Hebrews 12:3
Verse 16

And they sent out unto him their disciples with the Herodians, saying, Master, we know that thou art true, and teachest the way of God in truth, neither carest thou for any man: for thou regardest not the person of men.
they sent
The profound malice of the Pharisees appears here in their choice of companions, their affected praise, and the artful and difficult questions they proposed.
the Herodians
16:11,12, Mark 3:6, 8:15
Master
24,26, 26:18,49, Mark 10:17, Luke 7:40
we know
Psalms 5:9, 12:2, 55:21, Proverbs 29:5, Isaiah 59:13-15, Jeremiah 9:3-5, Ezekiel 33:30,31
true
Malachi 2:6, John 7:18, 14:6, 18:37, 2 Corinthians 2:17, 4:2, 1 John 5:20
neither
Deuteronomy 33:9, 1 Kings 22:14, Job 32:21,22, Micah 3:9-12, Malachi 2:9, Mark 12:14, Luke 20:21, 2 Corinthians 5:16, Galatians 1:10, 2:6, 1 Thessalonians 2:4, James 3:17
Verse 17

Tell us therefore, What thinkest thou? Is it lawful to give tribute unto Caesar, or not?
What
Jeremiah 42:2,3,20, Acts 28:22
is
Deuteronomy 17:14,15, Ezra 4:13, 7:24, Nehemiah 5:4, 9:37, Acts 5:37, Romans 13:6,7
Caesar
Luke 2:1, John 19:12-15, Acts 17:7, 25:8
Verse 18

But Jesus perceived their wickedness, and said, Why tempt ye me, ye hypocrites?
perceived
Mark 2:8, Luke 5:22, 9:47, 20:23, John 2:25, Revelation 2:23
Why
16:1-4, 19:3, Mark 12:5, Luke 10:25, John 8:6, Acts 5:9
Verse 19

Shew me the tribute money. And they brought unto him a penny.
a penny
"In value sevenpence halfpenny."
18:28, 20:2, Revelation 6:6
Verse 20

And he saith unto them, Whose is this image and superscription?
superscription
or, inscription.
Luke 20:24
Verse 21

They say unto him, Caesar's. Then saith he unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's; and unto God the things that are God's.
Render
17:25-27, Proverbs 24:21, Luke 23:2, Romans 13:7
are Caesar's
This conclusion is drawn from their own maxims and premises. They held that "wherever the money of any king is current, there the inhabitants acknowledge that king for their lord." Now, by admitting that this was Cæsar's coin, and by consenting to receive it as the current coin of their country, they in fact acknowledged their subjection to his government, and of course their obligation to pay the tribute demanded of them. This answer was full of consummate wisdom, and it completely defeated the insidious designs of his enemies. He avoided rendering himself odious to the Jewish people by opposing their notions of liberty, or appearing to pay court to the emperor, without exposing himself to the charge of sedition and disaffection to the Roman government.
and
37, 4:10, Daniel 3:16-18, 6:10,11,20-23, Malachi 1:6-8, 3:8-10, Acts 4:19, 5:29, 1 Peter 2:13-17
Verse 22

When they had heard these words, they marvelled, and left him, and went their way.
they marvelled
33,46, 10:16, Proverbs 26:4,5, Luke 20:25,26, 21:15, Acts 6:10, Colossians 4:6
Verse 23

The same day came to him the Sadducees, which say that there is no resurrection, and asked him,
same
Mark 12:18-27, Luke 20:27-40
the Sadducees
3:7, 16:6, Acts 4:1, 5:17, 23:6-8
which
1 Corinthians 15:12-14, 2 Timothy 2:18
Verses 23-33

The same day came to him the Sadducees, which say that there is no resurrection, and asked him,
same
Mark 12:18-27, Luke 20:27-40
the Sadducees
3:7, 16:6, Acts 4:1, 5:17, 23:6-8
which
1 Corinthians 15:12-14, 2 Timothy 2:18
Verse 24

Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
Master
16,36, 7:21, Luke 6:46
Moses
Genesis 38:8,11, Deuteronomy 25:5-10, Ruth 1:11, Mark 12:19, Luke 20:28
Verse 25

Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife unto his brother:
Mark 12:19-23, Luke 20:29-33, Hebrews 9:27
Verse 26

Likewise the second also, and the third, unto the seventh.
seventh
or, seven.
Verse 29

Jesus answered and said unto them, Ye do err, not knowing the scriptures, nor the power of God.
not
Job 19:25-27, Psalms 16:9-11, 17:15, 49:14,15, 73:25,26, Isaiah 25:8, 26:19, Isaiah 57:1,2, Daniel 12:2,3, Hosea 13:14, Luke 24:44-47, John 20:9, Romans 15:4
nor
Genesis 18:14, Jeremiah 32:17, Luke 1:37, Acts 26:8, Philippians 3:21
Verse 30

For in the resurrection they neither marry, nor are given in marriage, but are as the angels of God in heaven.
in the
Mark 12:24,25, Luke 20:34-36, John 5:28,29, 1 Corinthians 7:29-31, 1 John 3:1,2
as
13:43, 18:10, Psalms 103:20, Zechariah 3:7, 1 John 3:2, Revelation 5:9-11, 19:10
Verse 31

But as touching the resurrection of the dead, have ye not read that which was spoken unto you by God, saying,
have
9:13, 12:3,7, 21:16,42
Verse 32

I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? God is not the God of the dead, but of the living.
am
Exodus 3:6,15,16, Acts 7:32, Hebrews 11:16
God is
Mark 12:26,27, Luke 20:37,38
Verse 33

And when the multitude heard this, they were astonished at his doctrine.
they
22, 7:28,29, Mark 6:2, 12:17, Luke 2:47, 4:22, 20:39,40, John 7:46
Verse 34

But when the Pharisees had heard that he had put the Sadducees to silence, they were gathered together.
when
Mark 12:28
they
12:14, 25:3-5, Isaiah 41:5-7, John 11:47-50, Acts 5:24-28, 19:23-28, Acts 21:28-30
Verses 34-40

But when the Pharisees had heard that he had put the Sadducees to silence, they were gathered together.
when
Mark 12:28
they
12:14, 25:3-5, Isaiah 41:5-7, John 11:47-50, Acts 5:24-28, 19:23-28, Acts 21:28-30
Verse 35

Then one of them, which was a lawyer, asked him a question, tempting him, and saying,
a lawyer
Luke 7:30, 10:25-37, 11:45,46,52, 14:3, Titus 3:13
tempting
18, Mark 10:2
Verse 36

Master, which is the great commandment in the law?
5:19,20, 15:6, 23:23,24, Hosea 8:12, Mark 12:28-33, Luke 11:42
Verse 37

Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind.
Deuteronomy 6:5, 10:12, 30:6, Mark 12:29,30,33, Luke 10:27, Romans 8:7, Hebrews 10:16,17, 1 John 5:2-5
Verse 39

And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.
Thou
19:19, Leviticus 19:18, Mark 12:31, Luke 10:27,28, Romans 13:9,10, Galatians 5:14, James 2:8
neighbour
Luke 10:29-37, Romans 15:2, Galatians 6:10
Verse 40

On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets.
7:12, John 1:17, Romans 3:19-21, 13:9, 1 Timothy 1:5, 1 John 4:7-11,19-21, James 2:8
Verse 41

While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them,
15,34, Mark 12:35-37, Luke 20:41-44
Verses 41-46

While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them,
15,34, Mark 12:35-37, Luke 20:41-44
Verse 42

Saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, The Son of David.
What
2:4-6, 14:33, 16:13-17, John 1:49, 6:68,69, 20:28, Philippians 2:9-11, 3:7-10, Colossians 3:11, 1 Peter 2:4-7, Revelation 5:12-14
The Son
1:1, 21:9, Isaiah 7:13,14, 9:6,7, 11:1-4, Jeremiah 23:5,6, Ezekiel 34:23,24, Amos 9:11, Luke 1:69,70, John 7:41,42, Acts 13:22,23
Verse 43

He saith unto them, How then doth David in spirit call him Lord, saying,
in the spirit
2 Samuel 23:2, Mark 12:36, Luke 2:26,27, Acts 1:16, 2:30,31, Hebrews 3:7, 2 Peter 1:21, Revelation 4:2
Verse 44

The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool?
The Lord
This passage is expressly referred to the Messiah by several of the Jews. Rabbi Joden says, "In the world to come, the Holy Blessed God shall cause the king Messiah to sit at his right hand, as it is written, The Lord said to my Lord," etc. So Rabbi Moses Hadarson; and Saadias Gaon says, "This is Messiah our righteousness, as it is written, The Lord said to my Lord," etc.
Psalms 110:1, Acts 2:34,35, 1 Corinthians 15:25, Hebrews 1:3,13, 10:12,13, 12:2
my Lord
John 20:28, 1 Corinthians 1:2, Philippians 3:8
till
Genesis 3:15, Psalms 2:8,9, 21:9, Isaiah 63:1-6, Luke 19:27, Revelation 19:19-21, Revelation 20:1-3,11-15
Verse 45

If David then call him Lord, how is he his son?
how
John 8:58, Romans 1:3,4, 9:5, Philippians 2:6-8, 1 Timothy 3:16, Hebrews 2:14, Revelation 22:16
Verse 46

And no man was able to answer him a word, neither durst any man from that day forth ask him any more questions.
no
21:27, Job 32:15,16, Isaiah 50:2-9, Luke 13:17, 14:6, John 8:7-9, Acts 4:14
neither
Mark 12:34, Luke 20:40

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